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关键词： 植物毒性   纳米银   银离子   特性   植物生物学   武汉植物园   中国科学院   项目资助  

摘要： 在中国科学院公派出国留学计划项目资助下．武汉植物园水生植物生物学学科组尹黎燕副研究员与美国杜克大学生物系、纳米环境效应研究中心开展了合作研究，在“纳米银对植物的生物效应”的合作研究中发现：纳米银的植物毒性与其本身固有的特性相关，并非只是由释放银离子引起。

关键词： 植物生理   分子生物学   教学团队  

摘要： 介绍了植物生理与分子生物学教学团队的建设思路、实现途径和团队特色,从课程群建设、教学工作和团队建设等方面总结了教学团队建设过程中的体会,并提出了今后教学团队建设的发展设想.

关键词： 水仙属   种质资源   进展  

摘要： 水仙属为世界重要的观赏花卉大属,品种更新及品质改良是产业发展的核心。本文简述了水仙属种质资源现状,归纳了有关生物学特性、矮化栽培、遗传多样性、离体培养与扩繁、基因克隆与转基因等方面的研究进展,并针对目前存在问题及发展方向提出若干建议。

关键词： 卷柏属   生物学活性   综述  

摘要： 卷柏属药用植物在我国民间应用广泛。现代药理研究表明其具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、免疫调节、降糖、扩张血管的作用。双黄酮类化合物被认为是其主要药效成分,对其关注较多。

关键词： 海氏桨角蚜小蜂   烟粉虱   生物防治   发育历期   繁殖量  

摘要： 海氏桨角蚜小蜂Eretmocerus hayati(Zolnerowich and Rose)原产于巴基斯坦,是B型烟粉虱Bemisiatabaci(Gennadius)的一种有效天敌。本文报道了不同温度条件(20、22、26、30、34℃,RH65%±5%,光周期14L∶10D)和饲养在不同寄主植物——番茄、黄瓜、甘蓝上(26℃,RH65%±5%,光周期14L∶10D)烟粉虱对海氏桨角蚜小蜂生物学特性的影响。结果表明,在20℃和30℃恒温条件下,该蜂寄生在番茄上饲养的烟粉虱的发育历期分别为31.7d和12.4d,完成发育的有效积温为247日.度,发育起点温度为11.9℃。在26℃恒温条件下,该蜂寄生番茄、黄瓜和甘蓝上的烟粉虱若虫时,卵至成蜂羽化的发育历期分别为15.7、16.1和15.2d,相应存活率分别为74.6%、72.1%和78.7%,雌蜂寿命分别为7.4、7.6和8.1d,平均繁殖量分别为67.2、62.3和74.7粒卵。本研究结果对海氏桨角蚜小蜂的大量饲养和田间释放具有指导作用。

关键词： 生物学   应力   植物   蛋白质组学   模式体系   基因组学   拟南芥   非生物  

摘要： 目前市面上已经有很多关于植物应力生物学方面优秀的图书，但是除了拟南芥模式体系外对其它植物的研究还比较少。本书首次对植物应力生物学最新的研究进行了全面先进的讨论。本书对生物和非生物应力做了大概介绍，主要关注应激激素和技术方法，如蛋白质组学、转录和基因组学以及如何将他们应用到系统的技术研究方法中。

关键词： rare species   range   tolerance   seasonal development   fruiting   seed quality  

摘要： The study addresses the biology of oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.), a Central-Asian species rare to Siberia, studied in model trees in extreme environment which characterizes the northeastern limit of its range.

关键词： ecological footprint   agricultural productivity   nutrient flow   energy flow   information flow   plant phenotype   cell-community biology   modelling validation cycle   biological organs   human impacts   agricultural productivity   systems biology   Nutrient flow   Ecosystem   plant sciences   Energy flow   Ecological footprint   energy exchange   information flow  

摘要： Molecular biologists typically restrict systems biology to cellular levels. By contrast, ecologists define biological systems as communities of interacting individuals at different trophic levels that process energy, nutrient and information flows. Modern plant breeding needs to increase agricultural productivity while decreasing the ecological footprint. This requires a holistic systems biology approach that couples different aggregation levels while considering the variables that affect these biological systems from cell to community. The challenge is to generate accurate experimental data that can be used together with modelling concepts and techniques that allow experimentally verifying in silico predictions. The coupling of aggregation levels in plant sciences, termed Integral Quantification of Biological Organization (IQ(Bio)), might enhance our abilities to generate erate new desired plant phenotypes.

关键词： DEVELOPMENTAL biology   METAZOA   PLANT morphology   BIODIVERSITY  

摘要： Much has been written of the early history of comparative embryology and its influence on the emergence of an evolutionary developmental perspective. However, this literature, which dates back nearly a century, has been focused on metazoans, without acknowledgment of the contributions of comparative plant morphologists to the creation of a developmental view of biodiversity. We trace the origin of comparative plant developmental morphology from its inception in the eighteenth century works of Wolff and Goethe, through the mid nineteenth century discoveries of the general principles of leaf and floral organ morphogenesis. Much like the stimulus that von Baer provided as a nonevolutionary comparative embryologist to the creation of an evolutionary developmental view of animals, the comparative developmental studies of plant morphologists were the basis for the first articulation of the concept that plant (namely floral) evolution results from successive modifications of ontogeny. Perhaps most surprisingly, we show that the first person to carefully read and internalize the remarkable advances in the understanding of plant morphogenesis in the 1840s and 1850s is none other than Charles Darwin, whose notebooks, correspondence, and (then) unpublished manuscripts clearly demonstrate that he had discovered the developmental basis for the evolutionary transformation of plant form.

关键词： Ethnobotany   biophilia   botanical illustration   cultural practices   interdisciplinary   symbiotic relationships  

摘要： We examine the interdisciplinary nature of ethnobotany from a broad perspective and consider its application to the biology classroom and lab. The concept of biophilia and students' relationships with plants are integral components. Botanical nature journaling, discussion of diverse cultural practices, and collection of plants are used to encourage students' interest in local plants. Interwoven with these topics is a plant/microbial lab, which focuses on the local environment and the potential antimicrobial properties of plant parts.