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关键词： 物理化学   课程思政元素   挖掘   “热力学三大定律”  

摘要： 近年来,在物理化学的教育领域中思政育人受到广泛重视,合理开展思政育人工作是培养学生良好思想素养和综合素质的重要举措,为探索出培养物理化学专业学生思想素养的措施,该文将“热力学三大定律”的教学作为案例,提出几点物理化学课程思政元素的挖掘建议,在全面挖掘课程中的思政育人元素同时,创建全面性、全过程与全员性的思政协同育人发展模式,拓展物理化学课程中的思政教育功能,在培养学生专业能力的同时不断提升学生的思想道德素质,为培育国家需要的物理化学综合性人才提供帮助。

关键词： 网络教学   线上学习   学习策略   雨课堂   腾讯课堂   物理化学  

摘要： 从《物理化学(上册)》的首个教学章节"热力学第一定律"出发,以"雨课堂"和"腾讯课堂"为教学平台,分析了学生应该如何适应从"线下教学"到"线上教学"的转变,扮演好"学生"在网络教学中的角色,并以学生的这些注意事项为切入点,论述了教师应该做出的相应转变,以求引导学生更高效地完成线上学习任务。

关键词： Nanoliposome   Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside   Chitosan   Pectin   Physicochemical stability   Mucoadhesion  

摘要： This study aimed to improve the physicochemical stability of nanoliposome (NL) with enhanced functionality for the delivery of Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (P3G) using biopolymers, i.e. chitosan (CH) and pectin (P). In this study, we successfully developed stabilized liposomal carriers, i.e. CH-conjugated NL (CH-NL) and P-conjugated CH-NL (P-CH-NL) using an optimum concentration of CH (0.6 wt%) and P (0.5 wt%). Results revealed that P-CH-NL had better physical stability to salt and pH with maximum P3G retention (> 97%) under oxidative, thermal, and UV conditions. Nanoliposomes were more stable under refrigerated-storage and ensured high P3G retention (> 96%). In vitro mucoadhesion study revealed that CH-NL had better mucin adsorption efficiency (59.72%) followed by P-CH-NL and NL. Furthermore, CH-NL and P-CH-NL alternatively had better stability to serum than NL. Taken together, the stabilization of nanoliposome using chitosan and pectin can be a promising approach for the delivery of hydrophilic compounds in association with enhanced stability and functionality.

关键词： 物理化学实验   线上线下   混合式教学模式   教学改革  

摘要： 新冠疫情的发生给高校的化学实验类课程带来了前所未有的挑战。本文基于疫情防控期间《物理化学实验》在线教学工作实践,提出线上线下混合的物理化学实验教学模式和多元化的考核方法,以期提高学生的学习兴趣、自主学习能力和创新意识。

关键词： Liquid whole egg   High pressure carbon dioxide   Interface   Structure  

摘要： In this research, the impact of High Pressure Carbon Dioxide (HPCD) on the physicochemical, interfacial and rheological properties of liquid whole egg (LWE) was investigated. HPCD treatment increased the solubility, free sulfhydryl groups and surface hydrophobicity of LWE. The highest foaming ability (186%) and foaming stability (72%) were obtained at 60 min of HPCD treatment, which were 1.3-fold and 1.4-fold those of the control group (147% and 51%, respectively). Compared with the control group, the LWE emulsion had a minimum particle size (16.3 mu m) when the treatment time was 75 min, and the highest absolute value of zeta potential reached 7.66 mV when the processing time was 60 min. HPCD treatment decreased the apparent viscosity of LWE at a low shear rate. Dynamic viscoelastic characteristics indicated that both the G' and G"moduli of LWE under the HPCD process were lower than those of the control group at any frequency.

关键词： Diesel engines   Biofuels   Particulate Matter   Exhaust gas emissions   Mutagenicity  

摘要： In this paper, a complete characterization of diesel Particulate Matter (PM) in terms of mass, chemical composition, particles number, size distribution and mutagenic potential was carried out. As a test case, a Euro 5 1.3L passenger car diesel engine fueled with Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel (ULSD) and high-percentage blends (B30 - 30% vol.) of ULSD and biofuels (Rapeseed Methyl Ester, RME, and Hydrotreated Vegetables Oil, HVO) was considered. In addition, PM gravimetric analysis was compared with soot measurements carried out by means of standard laboratory equipment (e.g. smokemeters), showing a good correlation at medium and high load operating points. On the contrary, at low loads, as confirmed by thermo-gravimetric analysis, smokemeter measurements underestimated the Soluble Organic Fraction (SOF) fraction of PM, especially when for RME (B30). Then, a detailed investigation on Particles Number (PN) and size distribution was carried out, running the engine with the same fuel matrix. The results showed that adopting biofuel blends, both RME (B30) and HVO (B30), produces negligible differences in particles number distributions with respect to standard diesel. Finally, the analysis of the mutagenic potential of PM samples highlighted an increased genotoxicity for HVO (B30) and a decreased genotoxicity for RME (B30) with respect to ULSD.

关键词： Sludge-based activated carbon   Chemical modification   Adsorption   Dissolved organic matter  

摘要： This study aimed to explore the adsorption performance of sludge-based activated carbon(SBC)towards dissolved organic matters(DOMs)removal from sewage,and investigated the modification effect of different types of chemicals on the structure of synthesized *** activated sludge(WAS)was used as a carbon source,and HCl,HNO 3,and Na OH were used as different types of chemicals to modify the *** the aid of chemical activation,the modified SBC showed higher adsorption performances on DOMs removal with maximum adsorption of 29.05 mg/g and second-order constant(k)of 0.1367(L/mol/sec)due to the surface elution of ash and minerals by *** surface elemental composition of MSBC suggested that the content of C-C and C-O functional groups on the surface of modified sludge-based activated carbon(MSBC)played an important role on the adsorption capacities of MSBC towards DOMs removal in ***,the residual molecular weight of DOMs in sewage was investigated using a 3-dimension fluorescence excitationemission matrix(3 D-EEM)and high-performance size exclusion chromatography(HP-SEC).Results showed that the chemical modification significantly improved the adsorption capacity of MSBC on humic acids(HA)and aromatic proteins(APN),and both of Na OH-MSBC and HCl-MSBC were effective for a wide range of different AMW DOMs removal from sewage,while the HNO 3-MSBC exhibited poorly on AMW organics of 2,617 Da and 409 Da due to the reducing content of *** brief,this study provides reference values for the impact of the chemicals of the activation stage before the SBCs application.

关键词： 课程思政   物理化学   协同作用   实现方法  

摘要： 本文以物理化学课程为例探讨高校专业课程思政,提出了课程思政的指导思想、授课模式、课程思政点挖掘方法、列举出部分授课过程中已经挖掘出的课程思政点,在授课过程中加以运用,提高课程思政育人效果,并且探讨了思政教育与课程思政在三全育人理念中的协调作用。同时在物理化学课程授课过程中,根据线上和线下授课的不同情况进行与物理化学相关课程思政点的挖掘和应用,通过完善课程体系,活用课程思政点,建立长效机制运用到教学、育人、考核的各个环节,最后探讨了教学过程中实现课程思政的管理、领导、考评的机制方法和保障。

关键词： 物理化学   钝感发射药   功能失效阈值   钝感剂   贮存寿命  

摘要： 为预估轻武器用钝感发射药在贮存过程中,因钝感剂迁移导致弹道性能变化而引起功能失效的问题,采用Fick第二定律和扩散系数与扩散活化能的关系,以发射药钝感层结构相同、其内弹道性能相同为前提,建立了轻武器用钝感发射药功能失效阈值预估方法。应用该方法,采用3种配方钝感发射药分别在75℃和85℃下长贮,计算出各发射药钝感剂药的扩散活化能,并以75℃为基准预测了3种配方钝感发射药65℃长贮下的膛压功能失效阈值,同时在65℃下对发射药进行长贮,通过内弹道试验实测出发射药在65℃长贮下膛压功能失效阈值。结果表明,应用该方法预估发射药膛压功能失效阈值与实测值偏差分别为10.3%、2.9%、7.9%。同时以65、75、85℃下平均扩散活化能,计算出不同温度下发射药功能失效阈值,并对3种配方钝感发射药要满足常规弹药17年的贮存寿命要求的最高贮存温度提出了要求。

关键词： 互联网+   教学改革   物理化学实验  

摘要： 21世纪是互联网的时代,学生生活、学习方式与互联网密切关联,传统的教学方式已经不符合现在高校的学情,教师传授知识的方式、教和学的关系都迫切需要做出重大变革。本文以地方本科院校及其化学专业的必修专业课程--《物理化学实验》为课程改革的研究对象,探索适合互联网+时代背景下,符合当代大学生特点和培养需求的教学模式。