教学课程资源库 更多>>

关键词： 物理化学实验   课程思政   学生主体   教学效果  

摘要： 在物理化学实验课程教学中,为实现"课程思政"的有机融入,开展了以学生为主体的教学实践。根据物理化学实验教学的特点,以教师为主导提出课程思政目标,以学生为主体挖掘课程思政元素。教师引导学生在课堂讲解思政内容、在实验报告中总结思政内容,加强了师生互动和学生参与。期望为实验课"课程思政"教学改革提供参考。

关键词： Forward osmosis   Draw compounds   Multi-criteria analysis   Ionic liquids   Thermoresponsive draw solutions  

摘要： The development of draw compounds for forward osmosis (FO) has been an active area of research. While a few studies have considered draw solutes for FO desalination, these are rarely presented with consistent units for objective performance comparison. To rectify this lack of knowledge, this study objectively compares draw solutes using a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) across a range of physicochemical properties (in consistent units), along with their flux performance when integrated with FO membranes. This analysis reveals that Ionic liquids (IL) have favorable physicochemical characteristics and generally higher flux performance in both nonresponsive and thermally responsive draw solute classes. In particular, magnesium chloride was found to be the optimal non-responsive draw solute. In addition, a diammonium cation-based iodide salt and an oligomer of choline chloride and an itaconic acid mixture were found to achieve the highest water flux of similar to 15LMH when treating seawater level salinity solutions within thermally responsive draw compounds. The MCA also revealed that hydrogels-particularly those based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-are promising because they have the best dewatering capability but suffers from low water flux. Overall, we conclude that IL draw solutions and PNIPAM-based hydrogels represent some of the most promising FO draw compounds for future research.

关键词： 化学平衡的本质特征   学科理解   研究域   认识视角  

摘要： 学科理解是科学教育研究者和一线教师面临的重大挑战和重要课题。关于化学平衡主题的价值和存在的问题目前在教育教学理论研究和实践领域已经达成了共识,以科学认识论为基础设计并提出问题。通过对一位重点大学物理化学教授的访谈发现:化学平衡的研究域得到拓展;化学平衡的特征认识更明确;判断化学平衡移动的视角更清晰。并得到了如下启示:学科理解问题的必要性和紧迫性;学科理解要兼顾深度和广度;学科理解要兼顾理论和实践;学科理解能拓展认识视野。

关键词： Starch   Dry-heat   Cold plasma   Structure   Physicochemical properties  

摘要： The effect of dry heat (DH, 130 degrees C, 1, 3 and 9 h), cold plasma (CP, 40 V, 1, 5 and 10 min) and their combination (D-P) treatment on the structure, physicochemical and digestive properties of red adzuki bean starch were studied. The results showed that DH or CP had slight change in morphology while diffraction pattern of starch was remained. With the extension of treated time of DH and CP, the amylose content, crystallinity, molecular weight, short-range order, the long chain of amylopectin, enthalpy value, swelling power, digestibility were reduced, while gelatinization temperatures, the short chain of amylopectin and solubility were increased. The D-P had deeper modification than the single treatment. The combination of dry heat and cold plasma is a simple and green method to improve the starch structure and enhance starch properties and this modified starch could be implemented to tailor starch to the desired food applications.

关键词： Legume starch   Physicochemical properties   V-amylose complex   Functionality  

摘要： There is a growing interest in alternative sources of starch for various industrial applications to cater for the increasing demand of starch, avoid the sole reliance on conventional sources such as corn and to prevent shortage of supply. Legume starches with high levels of amylose and high resistant starch contents are suitable alternatives. However, starch must be modified to overcome the shortcomings associated with native starches. The modification of starch with lipids results in the formation of inclusion complexes, called V-amylose complexes with improved physicochemical and functional properties and this category of modified starch is further regarded as clean-label. Clean-label ingredients are consumer and environmentally friendly and do not contain synthetic chemicals that may present food safety concerns. This review documents the current level of research on V-amylose complexes formed using legumes starches and outlines research gaps that could be explored for better utilisation of these legumes in the industry.

关键词： 物理化学   乙基纤维素   阿奇霉素   静电喷雾  

摘要： 用静电喷雾法制备了两种质量比(5:1和2:1)阿奇霉素(AZI)/乙基纤维素(EC)复合物,用扫描电镜(SEM)和热重分析仪(TG)分析了复合物的形貌与热稳定性。SEM结果得AZI/EC复合物形貌为圆片状,复合物表面密布微孔。静电喷雾法有助于提高AZI/EC体系热稳定性。

关键词： 炸药晶体   含能材料   物理化学   宏观表现   微观设计   微观结构   全链条   发展轨迹  

摘要： 成书理念含能材料领域已经出版了很多优秀的书籍。此外,随着网络技术的发展,大量有关含能材料的信息通过点击鼠标即可获得。但是,如果以更宏观的视野来观察,会发现炸药晶体学的发展经历了从早期关注炸药晶体在应用时的直观现象,到中期关注炸药晶体在制备与表征中的微观结构,再到近期关注全链条过程中炸药晶体的微观设计、介观特性与宏观表现的物理化学问题之路线,这是一条十分漂亮的炸药晶体学发展轨迹,准确接续过去并描绘当今之最新轨迹对于炸药晶体学发展至为关键。

关键词： 物理化学实验   SPOC   慕课堂   混合式教学  

摘要： 为了提高物理化学实验的教学效果,拍摄制作了物理化学实验原理和操作视频,并基于爱课程(中国大学MOOC)平台的SPOC和慕课堂,开展了线上线下混合式教学。实践证明,混合式教学提高了学生的积极性,提升了学习效果,增加了师生之间的互动,可以进一步培养学生的综合能力,激发学生的创新思维。

关键词： 物理化学实验   翻转课堂   教学设计   教学模式  

摘要： 以物理化学实验"粘度法测高聚物的分子量"为例,探索了翻转课堂教学模式。设计程序包括学习主体及教材分析、制定实验教学目标、微课制作、课堂组织和教学评价等环节,并通过实践及统计假设检验,全面评价了该教学模式。

关键词： 物理化学实验   混合式教学   翻转课堂   团队合作  

摘要： 在物理化学实验课程中实施新的教学方式和教学方案,使教学课堂更加有效,学生解决问题的能力以及团队合作能力明显提高。通过雨课堂的使用,教师可以及时、全面地了解学生的认知水平和学习状态,从而有针对性地进行教学重难点的设计,真正做到数据驱动教学,教学以学生为中心;新的教学方案设计不仅能够使学生完成传统的实验任务,更重要的是锻炼了学生的团队合作与竞争意识,沟通和解决问题的能力,进一步提升了学生的实验素养和技能。