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关键词： Nanopore sensor   Ion channel   Porin   DNA sequencing   Peptide detection  

摘要： Protein nanopores have emerged as an important class of sensors for the understanding of biophysical processes, such as molecular transport across membranes, and for the detection and characterization of biopolymers. Here, we trace the development of these sensors from the Coulter counter and squid axon studies to the modern applications including exquisite detection of small volume changes and molecular reactions at the single molecule (or reactant) scale. This review focuses on the chemistry of biological pores, and how that influences the physical chemistry of molecular detection.

关键词： Surgical instruments   Antibiotic resistance   Nano-composite   Reactive magnetron sputtering   Silver-Tantalum oxide  

摘要： Surface modification of surgical instruments is carried out in order to improve the antibacterial performance against the surgical site infections. Healthcare acquired infections (HAI) and Nosocomial infections are one of the leading causes of complications/deaths after surgery. There is an increasing trend of antibiotic resistance in bacteria such as, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), multi-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Thus, surfaces that counteract the adherence and growth of bacteria are employed to avoid the infections. In present study, stainless steel 316 L (SS 316 L) was coated with Silver/ Tantalum oxide (Ag/Ta2O5) nanocomposite using reactive magnetron sputtering. The as-sputtered Ag/Ta2O5 nanocomposite (a-Ag/Ta2O5) film was crystallized via thermal treatment at 400 degrees C. Due to the annealing, the AgNPs migrated to the surface through the columnar paths of the a-Ag/Ta2O5. Thus, the crystallized layer (c-Ag/ Ta2O5) exhibited 302% improvement in adhesion strength and enhanced hydrophopibicity. The c-Ag/Ta2O5 also demonstrated excellent antibacterial performance against Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 6571) (gram-positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 15597) (gram-negative bacteria) according to the inhibition zone measurements. These results suggest that c-Ag/Ta2O5 deposition on SS 316 L substrate has a high potential to serve as an adherent, antibacterial layer on the surgical tools, in order to resist surgical site infections.

关键词： 蛋源   微生物多样性   前处理   消毒   宏基因组学技术  

摘要： 通过比较不同物理、化学和物理化学协同消毒方法对蛋源表面微生物的作用效果,确定最佳蛋源前处理方法。采用宏基因组学技术系统分析消毒处理前、后蛋壳表面菌群的多样性。结果表明,物理化学协同消毒方法对蛋源表面微生物的作用效果最好,确定最佳前处理方法为鸡蛋经质量浓度为125 mg/L二氧化氯溶液浸泡5 min后,用65℃热水冲洗120 s,对蛋壳表面的微生物的杀菌率达99.9%。前处理后的蛋源表面微生物群落丰富度及群落多样性均显著降低(P<0.05),门水平OTU(操作分类单元)由19降低为4,属水平OTU由258降至29,埃希氏菌属、葡萄球菌属的丰度降为0。该方法可有效杀灭蛋壳表面微生物,为蛋制品保藏与加工提供技术保障。

关键词： 冶金工程   物理化学   过程评价   教学方法  

摘要： 基于工程教育认证的要求,对冶金工程专业物理化学课程的考核方式提出了较高的要求,更注重学生的过程性考核。在原有考核的基础上,增加过程性考核内容,最终的终结性评价结果主要由过程性评价结果与期末考试成绩两方面组成,大大提高了学生参与平时教学环节的积极性,对学生综合能力的培养起到极大的促进作用,教学效果也得以改善,以达到工程教育认证课程目标与培养目标的对应完成,为新时代冶金工程专业高素质专门人才的培养贡献力量。

关键词： 物理化学   热力学概念   学习兴趣  

摘要： 针对物理化学学科本身的特点,阐述物理化学热力学内容的重要性。从目前物理化学教学状况出发,分析热力学教学过程中存在的问题。通过精选例题,巩固对概念的认知;分析概念,精准讲解概念以及易混淆概念的串并分析等途径加深学生对相关概念、公式及定律的理解和运用,从而达到提高学生学习兴趣,提升物理化学教学效果的目的。

关键词： EP3   PGE2   Pyridone   Metabolic stability  

摘要： A novel series of pyridone-based EP3 receptor antagonists was optimized for good physical properties and oral bioavailability in rodents. The lead compounds 3h, 3l and 4d displayed good in vitro profiles, moderate to good metabolic stability and good rodent PK profiles with low clearance, high oral exposure and acceptable half-life.

关键词： 物理化学   教学改革   课程思政  

摘要： 在高等教育改革发展“大思政”的背景下,初步探索将思政教育渗透到物理化学专业课程的学习中,用熵增原理鞭策学生自律,用克劳修斯的故事鼓励学生创新,用永动机不可能造成告诫学生树立正确的人生观、世界观,遵从科学规律,确定正确的努力方向。深挖物理化学专业课程中的思政元素,与课堂教学内容有机融合,潜移默化地对学生进行思政教育。

关键词： 物理化学   课程思政   综合育人   电化学   环境保护  

摘要： 《物理化学》课程是理工科院校开设的一门专业基础必修课程,在该课程中引入思政内容,对实现高等教育的全面育人、综合育人具有重要意义。基于对课程思政内涵的理解和把握,本文对《物理化学》课程教学中涉及的思政内容进行一定程度的挖掘,并以电化学章节的教学过程为例,设计了一节思政课程,更好的把思政内容与专业知识进行紧密融合,实现知识传授与价值观的引领。

关键词： Foxtail millet   Prolamin   Palatability  

摘要： Recently, there are considerable interests in the influence of prolamins on eating quality of grains. To inquire the potential effect of prolamins on the palatability of foxtail millet, prolamin characteristics under its raw (PR) and post-cooked (PC) state among three typical varieties with high (Zhonggu, ZG), medium (Zhaonong, ZN), and low (Hongmiao, HM) palatability were compared. The distinctive differences in amino acid composition, molecular structure, physicochemical properties were found in PRs and PCs, especially for HM variety. HM-PR recorded the lowest hydrophobic amino acids and surface hydrophobicity while having the superior hydration properties. The lowest denaturation temperature was found in HM-PR, which also had the highest denaturation enthalpy (AH). Nevertheless, HM-PR exhibited irregularly spherical protein body with the largest mean diameter. Evidenced by the highest random coil and lower alpha-helix and 8-sheet content, a less stable secondary structure of HM-PR was found, corresponding to the most intensified disulfide cross-linking and protein aggregations in HM upon cooking. Overall, HM-PR was presumed to greatly affect the hydro-thermal utilization efficiency of starch granules during cooking, given the steric-hindrance effect of prolamins on granules in endosperm. The Present study provided new insights into the role of prolamins on foxtail millet palatability.

关键词： 物理化学   双一流   课程建设   教学改革  

摘要： “双一流”建设中课程是人才培养的核心要素。建设“以学生为发展中心”一流的物理化学课程,关键在于突出课程建设三大核心理念,瞄准“两性一度”进行课程体系的优化、课程资源的开发、课堂教学流程的重塑、全新考核形式的构建,同时深化教学模式和方法的改革以及融入课程思政元素,全面提升课程质量,培养时代新人。