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关键词： 道路建设   垃圾焚烧炉渣   物理化学特性   X-射线衍射   电镜扫描   三轴试验   力学特性   破坏包络线  

摘要： 对江苏某地垃圾厂的垃圾焚烧炉渣(MSWI-BA)进行物理化学测试得到了垃圾焚烧炉渣的级配组成、化学组成、表面形貌特征等物理化学特性,通过饱和三轴试验得到了垃圾焚烧炉渣的力学特性。X-射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,炉渣颗粒主要成分为硅、钙、铝氧化物。电镜扫描(SEM)显示,炉渣微观上呈现多孔海绵状,表面形貌不规则,有针状、棒状、粒状晶体;炉渣的应力~应变特性、破坏形态、强度参数和干密度、龄期、围压有关。炉渣的强度破坏包络线是一条抛物线,和粗粒土材料的强度破坏包络线类似,这和高应力下炉渣的颗粒破碎有关;炉渣的工程性质良好,适合用作道路建设材料,有一定的经济价值和环保价值。

关键词： 征订工作   物理化学学报   学术刊物   中国化学会   交叉学科   工程学院   人物专访   学报编辑部  

摘要： 2022年全国报刊杂志征订工作已经开始,敬请向贵单位推荐订阅2022年《物理化学学报》。《物理化学学报》是由中国科学技术协会主管,中国化学会和北京大学共同主办,北京大学化学与分子工程学院学报编辑部编辑出版的学术刊物。设有"亮点"、"当期推荐"、"通讯"、"展望"、"专论"、"综述"、"论文"、"人物专访"等栏目,报导物理化学学科及交叉学科的基础研究及应用研究的创新成果。

关键词： 物理化学   药学专业   课程思政   教学设计   教学改革  

摘要： 课程思政是新时代高校落实立德树人目标的重要举措,也是当前专业课程教学改革的重要内容。本文依据课程思政内涵,结合药学专业物理化学课程教学目标,从深化马克思主义哲学思想、挖掘人文素养元素、挖掘药学和生活实践元素、紧密联系科研实践、强化公式推导和概念引入等五个方面,探讨物理化学课程蕴含的德育元素及价值理念,并进行教学设计,以期实现全方位育人。

关键词： Proteins  

摘要： Pepper seed is one by-product in pepper processing, rich in protein, fat, and fiber, and is a new plant-based protein source. In this paper, the physicochemical and functional properties of pepper seed protein isolates (PSPIs) extracted from pepper meal by pressure-assisted defatting (PAD) and conventional solvent defatting (CSD) were investigated. The yields of SPIs extracted by CSD and PAD were 22.8% and 20.5%, respectively. Compared with the PSPIs obtained by CSD, the solubility, water-holding and oil-holding capacities, and emulsifying and foaming abilities of the PSPIs obtained by PAD were significantly increased by 11.22%, 29.17%, 40%, 160%, and 100%, respectively. Additionally, UV-visible, intrinsic fluorescence and infrared spectroscopic characterization revealed the tertiary and secondary conformation changes of the PSPIs, which might contribute to the improvement of their functional properties. Overall, PAD significantly improved the functional properties of the PSPIs. The PSPIs extracted by this innovative technology would be a new plant protein alternative for food formulations with better functional properties.

关键词： 物理化学实验   雨课堂   翻转课堂   微课  

摘要： 为了解决物理化学实验教学的两个困境:物理化学实验原理抽象、实验需现学现用的仪器多,提出“雨课堂+翻转课堂”的物理化学实验微课教学式。在物理化学实验原理、仪器使用方法这两个学习困难处,设计制作微课。采用“雨课堂+翻转课堂”教学模式,物理化学实验课前将微课教学视频上传到雨课堂平台,将传统的“教师实验课堂讲解”内容作为学生的预习任务完成;课堂解决学生提出的物理化学实验中的问题和完成实验任务;课后及时总结。与传统物理化学实验教学比较,采用“雨课堂+翻转课堂”的实验微课教学,能解决物理化学实验的教学困境,提升学生的学习效果。

关键词： Bone regeneration   CaP-Based ceramics   Scaffolds   Composites   Microscopic analysis  

摘要： Nowadays the increase in life expectancy of the population has made diseases related to bone structure a worldwide public health problem. In the field of bone regeneration, calcium phosphate-based ceramics hold the greatest promise of efficiency and hydroxyapatite presents itself as reference material because, in addition to presenting a chemical composition similar to the mineral composition of bone tissue, it is biocompatible, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive, and can be reinforced with other more resistant materials, such as titanium, aluminum, zirconia, and niobium. In this scenario, fish bones represent an abundant and low-cost natural source of hydroxyapatite that is promising for the production of more resistant devices for bone regeneration. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the natural HAp, extracted from bones of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and of the HAp-Nb-1080 composite. Besides, the bioperformance of scaffoldings of both materials was evaluated in terms of bone regeneration. The granulometric, XRD, ATR-FTIR, micro-Raman, micro-CT and, SEM analyzes were performed to HAp and HAp-Nb-1080 powders characterization. The bone regeneration was studied 15, 30, and 45 days after implantation of 8 mm scaffolds in critical-size defects in rat calvaria. The results showed that fishbone HAp presented the molar ratio (Ca/P) of 1.66. The average particle sizes of the HAp and HAp-Nb-1080 powders were in the order of 1150 and 750 nm, respectively. After sintering the composite, three new crystalline phases were formed: beta-tricalcium phosphate Ca-3(PO4) 2 (34%), fersmite (CaNb2O6) (33.5%), and phosphorus niobium oxide (PNb9O25) (32.6%), confirmed by ATR-FTIR, and micro-Raman analyzes. The scaffolds porosities were 57% to HAp and 59% to HAp-Nb-1080 composite. SEM results showed the presence of opened macro and microporosity as well as porous interconnectivity. The histological study showed bone formation inside poro

关键词： 物理化学实验   课程思政   教学改革  

摘要： 物理化学实验是众多高校独立开设的一门重要基础课,也是构建新型化学专业实验教学体系的重要组成部分。本文阐述了课程思政与物理化学实验课程相结合的必要性,从不同角度对物理化学实验中的思政元素进行挖掘,以期提高大学生的思想政治修养,为实验课程教学改革提供参考。

关键词： Restructured pork steak   Bromelain   Tenderness   Protein solubility   Soluble collagen  

摘要： Enzymatic tenderisation including bromelain enhances underused cuts of meat in emerged restructuring technology. Physicochemical and textural characteristics of restructured pork steak hydrolysed with bromelain for masticatory dysfunction people were evaluated. Restructured pork steak treated with bromelain at 0.05 and 0.1% (w/w) was hydrolysed at 50 degrees C for 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 min. The cooking losses of 0.05% (w/w) bromelain for 0, 3 and 6 min were lower than 0.1% (w/w) bromelain samples. The Delta E increased after increasing the enzyme concentration and hydrolysis time. Bromelain-treated samples at higher concentrations showed lower WBSF, KSF and TPA parameters, but cohesiveness of 0.05% (w/w) had higher than 0.1% (w/w) bromelain samples. Total protein, sarcoplasmic protein solubility, TCA-soluble peptide, total collagen and soluble collagen contents were the highest in 0.1% (w/w) bromelain-treated samples for 12 min (P < 0.05). According to SDS-PAGE and SEM, various proteins in the enzyme-treated samples were degraded.

关键词： 物理化学   新形势   教学改革   课程思政   科技创新  

摘要： 《物理化学》课程因公式多、难度大一直成为教学的难点,笔者根据自己多年的教学经验,在新形势下提出了几点教学改革:第一、强调课程思政,围绕社会主义核心价值观开展思政教育;第二、坚持科技创新,将科研前沿与书本知识巧妙结合;第三、梳理知识框架,使教学内容条理清晰。通过以上几方面的教学改革,提升教学效果,培养社会主义优秀的接班人。

关键词： 物理化学   实验技能   创新实验  

摘要： 对大学生物理化学实验现状中存在的问题进行了探究,论述了提高物理化学实验技能的重要性,探究了提高高校学生实验技能的具体策略。