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关键词： Fine tea powder   Sensory attributes   Physicochemical properties   LASSO fitting   Principal component analysis  

摘要： The sensory quality of matcha is a pivotal factor in determining consumer acceptance. However, the human sensory panel test is difficult to popularize by virtue of professional requirements and inability to evaluate large samples. The analysis showed that physicochemical indicators of matcha were significantly related to sensory quality. Hence, principal component analysis (PCA) based on selected key physicochemical indicators was proposed to evaluate the sensory quality of matcha in this research. The eight key indicators were selected from twenty-four physicochemical indicators based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) for the establishment of the PCA comprehensive evaluation model. The results demonstrated that the PCA comprehensive evaluation model achieved superior performance, with -0.895 rc (correlation coefficient in calibration set) and -0.883 rp (correlation coefficient in prediction set) for overall sensory quality. This work demonstrated that LASSO-PCA comprehensive evaluation as an objective protocol has great potential in predicting matcha sensory quality.

关键词： Future food   Meat substitute   Rice protein isolate   Soy protein isolate   Twin-screw extruder  

摘要： Currently, active research is being focused on the development of future foods that can replace conventional meat. Meat analogues have been drawing considerable attention as possible alternatives to meat. In this study, the possibility of using rice protein isolate (RPI) to create meat analogues was investigated. Therefore, novel textured rice proteins (TRPs), which are meat analogues, were prepared from RPI and soy protein isolate (SPI) as primary raw materials by blending RPI and SPI at ratios approximately 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 (w/w). Meanwhile, corn starch and wheat gluten, minor ingredients, were added at 29% and 13% (w/w) of the total weight of the all ingredients, respectively, in all samples. Low-moisture extrusion cooking process using a twinscrew extruder was used for manufacturing TRPs. An analysis of physico-chemical characteristics showed that RPI replacement decreased specific mechanical energy, porosity, and water absorption capacity of the meat analogues. However, meat analogues made from combinations of RPI and SPI had better nutritional quality than commercial one, whose main ingredient is SPI without the addition of RPI and displayed desirable results pertaining to their soluble matter content during rehydration. Consequently, RPI exhibits potential to partially replace SPI in the manufacture of meat analogues.

关键词： 物理化学   能量守恒与转化   热与功的转换   简单碰撞理论   卡诺循环   物理化学实验   马克思主义的哲学思想  

摘要： 在物理化学的课堂上讲授热力学基本原理及基本知识时,可以体现马克思主义的哲学思想,如:实践是检验真理的唯一标准、真理的绝对性和相对性、量变和质变规律、矛盾的普遍性和特殊性等。运用马克思主义的哲学思想将物理化学的基本原理讲深讲透,使学生在物理化学课堂学习过程中,不仅可以掌握物理化学课程的基本原理和基础知识,而且可以运用马克思主义的世界观和方法论掌握物理化学的科学原理和科学思想。

关键词： Piperidine derivative   structure-properties relation   physicochemical properties   computation chemistry   passive optical limiter   third-order nonlinear optical properties  

摘要： The computation and experimental results on structural, mechanical, thermal, linear, and third order nonlinear optical properties of an organic material 4-methyl-N-((1-(4-methylbenzoyl)piperidin-4-yl)methyl)-benzamide (1) for an efficient optical limiting application with easy preparation and decent performance are presented. Its response to single-crystal x-ray diffraction allowed to investigate the molecular structure of 1, which is optimized using computational density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-311G** level. Calculated frontier molecular orbitals and Mulliken charge are served to realize the intramolecular charge transfer in 1 and its electronegative nature responsible for optical nonlinearity. Hirshfeld analysis investigated the structural property and the magnitude of interatomic and molecular interactions to help understand structure-property relation. The FTIR and NMR spectroscopic study further confirmed the formation of 1 and the vibrational states of its functional group. The title crystal showed acceptable thermal (stable up to 130 degrees C) and mechanical (stable up to 50 grams of applied load) stability, which is optimal for laser device applications. With an optical bandgap of 4.32 eV, the title material possesses much less linear optical absorption across the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The nonlinear optical absorption (beta), nonlinear refractive index (n (2)) and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (chi ((3))) values are measured as (0.0139 +/- 0.001) x 10(-4) cmW(-1), (1.49 +/- 0.05) x 10(-10) cm(2)W(-1) and (4.2 +/- 0.3) x 10(-8) esu respectively shows that the title molecule is third-order nonlinear optical active. The onset optical limiting threshold value is determined as (7.092 +/- 0.01)x10(3) Wcm(-2) for 532 nm, continuous-wave laser irradiation indicating that the title material is a good candidate for the optical limiting application.

关键词： 亨利定律   摩尔浓度   气体分压   英国化学家   基本定律   物理化学   溶解度  

摘要： 亨利定律,是物理化学的基本定律之一。是由英国化学家威廉:亨利在1803年研究气体在液体中的溶解度规律时所发现的一个气体的定律。可表述为在常温下且密闭的容器中,溶于某溶剂的某气体之体积摩尔浓度,会正好与此溶液达成平衡的气体分压成正比。

关键词： 物理化学   状态函数   大道至简   教学方法  

摘要： 物理化学是化学学科的理论基础,其中化学热力学、化学动力学、量子力学以及统计热力学是构成物理化学的四大基础。物理化学涉及到很多抽象的概念、理论以及复杂的公式推导等。本文以状态函数为例,通过简单形象的类比,帮助学生判断状态函数的强度性质和广度性质,教学效果良好。故此,物理化学教学过程中“大道至简”的教学方法应高度重视和积极提倡。

关键词： 亨利定律   摩尔浓度   气体分压   英国化学家   基本定律   物理化学   溶解度  

摘要： 亨利定律,是物理化学的基本定律之一。是由英国化学家威廉·亨利在1803年研究气体在液体中的溶解度规律时所发现的一个气体的定律。可表述为在常温下且密闭的容器中,溶于某溶剂的某气体之体积摩尔浓度,会正好与此溶液达成平衡的气体分压成正比。亨利定律的公式为。

关键词： 化学教学   表面化学   课程建设   创新发展   协调发展  

摘要： 以开尔文公式为例,探讨新发展理念在物理化学教学中的应用,把创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念贯穿到物理化学教学的全过程和各章节并通过教学设计展示,以促进物理化学课程的高质量发展,加快新时代物理化学课程建设的新格局,贯穿落实新发展理念,对化学、理学乃至整个高等教育的发展具有示范作用。

关键词： 课程思政   物理化学   资源发掘   有效实施  

摘要： 课程思政建设是当前加强高校思想政治工作和专业课程教学改革的重要内容。本文结合物理化学课程思政实践,提出实施课程思政要把握“身正示范、把握涵义、隐性教育”三原则,按照思政教育七个目标,通过基本理论知识、公式推导与结论证明、理论知识应用、中国物理化学家的贡献、优秀传统文化、学科交叉融合、科学家故事等挖掘思政元素,培养辩证唯物主义观、学科思维、创新思维、审辨能力、家国情怀、人文素养、社会责任感与使命感,为理工科课程思政教学提供了有益参考。

关键词： 物理化学   自主学习能力   教学方法  

摘要： 物理化学是一门理论性很强的课程。随着网络的普及,教育与现代信息技术的不断融合发展改变了传统的教学理念和教学模式,自主学习能力成为获取知识和信息不可或缺的技能。本文结合物理化学教学和网上课程的建设,对以提升大学生自主学习能力为目标的教学方法和模式进行了研究和探讨。