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关键词： Laboratory automation   Lab management   LIMS   RFID   Asset tracking   Dynamic knowledge graphs  

摘要： Laboratory management automation is essential for achieving interoperability in the domain of experimental research and accelerating scientific discovery. The integration of resources and the sharing of knowledge across organisations enable scientific discoveries to be accelerated by increasing the productivity of laboratories, optimising funding efficiency, and addressing emerging global challenges. This paper presents a novel framework for digitalising and automating the administration of research laboratories through The World Avatar, an all-encompassing dynamic knowledge graph. This Digital Laboratory Framework serves as a flexible tool, enabling users to efficiently leverage data from diverse systems and formats without being confined to a specific software or protocol. Establishing dedicated ontologies and agents and combining them with technologies such as QR codes, RFID tags, and mobile apps, enabled us to develop modular applications that tackle some key challenges related to lab management. Here, we showcase an automated tracking and intervention system for explosive chemicals as well as an easy-to-use mobile application for asset management and information retrieval. Implementing these, we have achieved semantic linking of BIM and BMS data with laboratory inventory and chemical knowledge. Our approach can capture the crucial data points and reduce inventory processing time. All data provenance is recorded following the FAIR principles, ensuring its accessibility and interoperability.

关键词： RFID   anti-collision   hybrid architecture   system throughput   time efficiency  

摘要： Passive RFID has the advantages of rapid identification of multi-target objects and low implementation cost. It is the most critical technology in the Industrial Internet of Things information-gathering layer and is extensively applied in various industries, such as smart production, asset management, and monitoring. The signal collision caused by the communication between the reader/writer and tags sharing the same wireless channel has caused a series of problems, such as the reduction of the identification efficiency of the reader/writer and the increment of the missed reading rate, thus restricting the further development of RFID. At present, many hybrid anti-collision algorithms integrate the advantages of Aloha and TS algorithms to optimize RFID system performance, but these solutions also suffer from performance bottlenecks. In order to break through such performance bottleneck, based on the ISE-BS algorithm, we combined the sub-frame observation mechanism and the Q value adjustment strategy and proposed two hybrid anti-collision algorithms. The experimental results show that the two algorithms proposed in this paper have obvious advantages in system throughput, time efficiency and other metrics, surpassing existing UHF RFID anti-collision algorithms.

关键词： RFID   honeycomb   modelling   propagation  

摘要： In recent years, communication systems, including RFID, have been used in intelligent beehives for beekeeping. RFID systems in the UHF frequency band offer reading distances of tens of centimetres, allowing the localisation and identification of the queen bee inside the hive. With this purpose, this work proposes an analysis of an environment of propagation that consists of a honeycomb frame, where the reader is placed within the frame, and the tag is placed in different positions over it. A honeycomb frame consists of a wooden box containing a honey wax panel, supported by metallic wires. The environment is modelled theoretically using its S-parameters and simulated in CST Studio. An analysis of these results and empirical measurements is performed. The results show that a periodicity in the received power of the tag is found with respect to the distance to the reader when the tag is located in a direction parallel to the wire, where local maximum and minimum values are found. Additionally, when the tag is placed over a wire of the frame, a higher received power is obtained compared to the case where the tag is placed between two wires. Furthermore, it has been observed that the reading range has increased with respect to free space, covering the full frame.

关键词： Body RFID skeleton   graph convolution network   human activity recognition   skeleton activity graph  

摘要： Human activity recognition (HAR) has become a hotspot. However, the existing HAR has some shortcomings, such as few recognized human activities, no identification, privacy leakage, and battery maintenance. Therefore, we design body RFID skeleton which fully senses the key features of human activity, and further propose human activity recognitions by taking advantage of RFID (privacy protection, identification, and battery-less maintenance). First, we devise RFID skeleton activity graph as human activity model. Second, we propose baseline RFID skeleton activity graph convolution network (FSCN) by using the graph convolution network (GCN), and FSCN classifies the RFID skeleton activity graph for human activity recognition. Third, to solve the tag response signal feature data over-smoothing and the different information aggregation degree in FSCN, we propose improved FSCN with the residual network (R-FSCN). Finally, we design the parallel RFID skeleton activity graph convolution network (PR-FSCN) for optimizing R-FSCN. Massive experiments show that PR-FSCN has comprehensive superiority to the existing HARs. As far as we know, this study is the first work that appropriately designs body RFID skeleton for HAR, and that successfully introduces GCN to investigate the new bound-RFID HAR with high recognition performance.

关键词： Crack Detection   Machine Learning   Passive Sensor   Radio Frequency Identification   Structural Health Monitoring   Tag Antenna Sensor  

摘要： In recent times, RFID-based sensors have offered a versatile and efficient solution for structural health monitoring (SHM) due to their passive, wireless, compact, and scalable nature. These sensors enable the continuous acquisition of data on the condition and performance of infrastructure assets, allowing for early detection of structural issues, changes, or damage. This work mainly presents a novel passive, wireless RFID-based tag antenna sensor for localized surface crack characterization on metal. A rigid circular patch antenna sensor was designed to operate in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) range of 902---928 MHz using HFSS (R), Ansys Inc., USA software. The designed tag is mounted on a rectangular aluminium specimen to investigate surface cracks of different dimensions and orientations. From the sensor simulated statistical analysis, a strong negative correlation of 0.99 and 0.69 is obtained for vertical and diagonal orientation cracks, whereas for horizontal orientations, a positive correlation of 0.14 is observed. The simulated sensitivity of the proposed tag antenna sensor for varying crack depths and widths is 2.86 and 2.1 MHz/mm2, respectively, whereas the measured results demonstrate a sensitivity of 1.08 and 2 MHz/mm2, respectively, in vertical crack orientation. Further, a cascaded machine learning (ML) algorithm was trained and developed to perform automatic surface crack characterization and obtained a maximum classification accuracy of 96.8 % for automatic surface crack detection. The results show that the investigation carried out can serve as an extended, novel study for surface crack characterization using a passive wireless RFID sensor and ML approach.

关键词： Sensors   Capacitance   Humidity   Surface treatment   Substrates   Inductance   Films   Graphene oxide (GO)   humidity sensor   humidity-sensitive characteristics   Internet of Things   LC resonant circuit  

摘要： A low-cost paper-based LC humidity sensor is presented herein. The sensor comprises an interdigitated electrode (IDE) capacitor and a planar spiral inductor in parallel. We used a high-frequency structure simulator to design and optimize the structure of the sensor, making the sensor work at a standard radio frequency identification (RFID) frequency of 13.56 MHz. The sensors were fabricated with four types of paper substrates by a screen-printing process. The effect of paper surface morphology on sensor performance was studied. Among four types of sensors, the Kodak photographic paper-based sensor exhibited the best sensitivity of 2.32 kHz/%RH (relative humidity) and low wet hysteresis of 2.9%RH. To further improve the sensitivity of the sensor, graphene oxide (GO) dispersions with different mass percentages (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.5%) were sprayed on the Kodak photographic paper substrate. Experimental results showed that the sensor with 0.5% GO had the highest sensitivity of 3.65 kHz/%RH, a low wet hysteresis (3.3% RH), short response/recovery times (45/140 s), and high linearity (R-2 = 0.998). Compared to other flexible sensors, the sensor has good performance, and it has application potential to the Internet of Things, for example, in storage and express transportation.

摘要： This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://***/10.1186/s13635-024-00154-7

关键词： Assisted living  

摘要： Human Activity Recognition (HAR) in an indoor environment is imperative to enhancing healthcare, reducing costs, and minimising hospitalisation. Innovative solutions are required as single-sensor conventional systems have privacy and cost issues. Recent advances in artificial intelligence and wireless communications have facilitated the development of system like RFIDAR, a novel fusion system combining Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Radar technology. The RFIDAR system can recognise an array of human activities due to to its distinctive sensing capabilities and fusion algorithm, especially in long-range and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) environments. Five distinct activities: leaning, walking both directions, sitting, standing, and no-activity were performed. We utilised an improved Long Short-Term Memory-based Variational Autoencoder (LSTM-VAE) fusion model to significantly improve the HAR accuracy by extracting temporal features from the multi-sensing data. Furthermore, three distinct fusion methods were compared: feature-level, data-level, and decision-level. We reported accuracy improvements of at least 3.1%, 5.3%, and 1.7% for each fusion method at two metres, and 4.9%, 6.2%, and 2.7% at three metres. The RFIDAR system, as it is contactless, passive, and accurate, offers significant potential to improve assisted living for the elderly. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Internet of things  

摘要： The increase in global population, climate change and the scarcity of resources are some of the reasons why the improvement of the agricultural sector has become a crucial issue for the future of our society. Recently, the growth of Internet of Things (IoT) has meant a revolution in many industries, including the agricultural sector, where the employment of this technology is considered the ideal formula to boost crop efficiency. In this work we present a complete high performance IoT solution, consisting of an innovative printed smart radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and an autonomous measuring system based on a robotic platform, designed for soil monitoring purposes. The smart RFID tags are employed to obtain soil parameters, crucial for the correct development of the crops: humidity, oxygen concentration and *** tag is novelly developed on a humidity dependent and flexible transparent foil substrate. The former feature enables the direct measurement of relative humidity (RH) by a capacitive structure defined on the substrate while the latter characteristic allows the sensing of oxygen content via a membrane whose luminescence intensity changes with the influence of this parameter. Effects on the antenna response are measured when the tag is placed in soil environment at root depth to validate the excellent sensing behaviour of the tag. Finally, to advance the scope of this work and to show the promising performance of the tags as part of a monitoring system in the field of smart agriculture, a robot equipped with an UHF reader and IoT features, capable of automating the finding and reading of the designed RFID tags, is designed. This robot sends the information via internet for its further processing, thus constituting a low-cost, large-scale and environmentally friendly solution, ideal for enhancing crops performance. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.