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关键词： Wearable antennas  

摘要： Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the use of filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) is increasingly widespread. Since the masks' wetness can reduce its filtering capabilities, the World Health Organization advises to replace the FFRs if they become too damp, but currently, there is no practical way to monitor the masks' wetness. A low-cost moisture sensor placed inside the FFRs could discriminate a slightly damp mask from a wet one, which must be replaced. In this letter, a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag exploiting an auto-tuning microchip for humidity sensing is designed and tested during an ordinary working day and a physical exercise. The tag returns about 1 unit of the digital metric every 3 mg of water generated by breathing and sweating, and it can identify excessively wet masks from commonly used ones. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Critical infrastructure protection   Cyber security   Data fusion   Distributed sensors network   Digital signal processing   Noise radar   Passive radar   RFID   Risk analysis management   SCOUT   Software defined network   Synthetic aperture radar   Target classification   DDS  

摘要： The security of the critical infrastructure requires increasing effort. The protection must consider both: cyber-attack vectors, especially when IoT or hardware attacks are the possibility, as well as physical attack vectors, when cheap unmanned vehicles pose a threat. In such scenarios, the development of more robust and accurate systems is required. In the paper the requirement analysis and as well as demonstrator system performance is presented. Both anti-cyber-attacks tools and detection of foreign physical objects are considered. The study is illustrated with examples and trials of the SCOUT Multitech SeCurity system for intercOnnected space control groUnd staTions. The project has been selected by the Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS-EU) as a "promising project with a strong impact" Apart of threat assessment tools, the post incident recovery strategies are also shown. For cyber security, the system mainly relies on a combined use of misuse-based and anomaly-based intrusion detection system that allow for a prompt detection of ongoing attack. The physical protection system include various radio frequency sensors capable of tracking, imaging and identifying the targets. Although the demonstration scenario is defined for the ASI infrastructures in Matera, the SCOUT demonstrator could be easily retuned and deployed in other ground stations, given the similarity between these kinds of infrastructures. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gate drivers   Voltage multipliers   Pulse width modulation   Frequency modulation   Switches   Threshold voltage   Radiofrequency identification   Isolated gate driver   wireless control   wireless power transfer   voltage multiplier   RFID  

摘要： This article proposes a wirelessly powered and controlled gate driver (WPCGD) that can be employed in 5G and Internet-of-Things applications. Two dedicated antennas and different operating frequencies are utilized in the system to ensure both adequate wireless power transfer at the gate driver stage and a precise pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal, mitigating possible mutual interference. On-off keying modulation is used because of its ease of deployment. At the receiving end, a three-stage voltage multiplier and an RC filter are employed to demodulate the modulated PWM control signal. BJTs, connected as diodes in the gate driver, also help to reduce the trigger voltage, to extend the control range, and to reduce the time delay. The chip was implemented using high-voltage 0.25 mu m CMOS technology. The entire proposed system was tested and demonstrated in this study. The 10 kHz PWM control signal was modulated with a 13.56 MHz RF carrier, and transmitted over a pair of 13.56 MHz monopole antennas. It may be possible to increase the PWM control signal higher than 10 kHz if more wireless power is provided. At the receiving end, the modulated PWM control signal was successfully demodulated and the wirelessly powered portion provided sufficient power to enable the gate driver stage to drive a power switch in a buck converter. Thus, the feasibility of the WPCGD was successfully demonstrated.

关键词： Mutual authentication   HB-family protocol   Pseudo-inverse matrix   Key-evolving signature  

摘要： The rapid proliferation of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags in the past decade has made tremendous impact on our daily lives. As part of Internet of Things (IoT), RFID technology ensures an efficient, secure and reliable system to identify tagged objects in supply chain environment such as manufacturing, automotive and healthcare. Several lightweight authentication solutions have been proposed to satisfy optimal security and privacy features of RFID communication. Hopper-Blum (HB) family of protocols that rely on the hard problem of Learning Parity with Noise (LPN) is a series of lightweight authentication protocol used to identify RFID tags. Our study shows that recent RFID authentication protocols from HB family that mostly focus on two party authentication such as tag-reader authentication, in general, cannot be applied directly to a three party authentication such as tag-reader-server authentication. In contrast to typical RFID authentication system, we consider the channel between the reader and back-end server insecure. We focus HB protocol and its variants and propose a modified protocol where the entire system is authenticated under LPN-based scheme.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis   Resonant frequency   Radiofrequency identification   Filtering   Antenna measurements   Transfer functions   Reliability   Fourier transforms   radar cross section (RCS)   radio frequency identification (RFID)   resonators   RFID tags  

摘要： In this article, two calibration-free detection techniques including temporal separation detection and dual-polarized interrogation are analyzed for chipless radio frequency identification (RFID), and the design guidelines to improve the detection reliability are proposed. The two techniques aim to obtain electromagnetic signatures without measuring the response of clutter, removing the limitation on the evaluation of radar cross section (RCS), which requires measuring the response of clutter yet is widely used in the literature. However, no research findings are available concerning the detection reliability, design complexity, and computational efforts for the two techniques. This study analyzes these calibration-free detection techniques in terms of online detection and off-line design process. Concerning online detection, the two techniques are implemented in the same frequency band (2.0-4.0 GHz) with data capacity of 8 bits. Sixteen IDs are sampled, and the associated tags are fabricated. Their detection reliability is tested as the function of read range in four environments. Concerning the off-line design process, the sensitivity of design parameters is evaluated for each technique. The performance of the two approaches is compared;furthermore, to improve the robustness in real-world applications, optimum arrangements for filtering, temporal windows, and sampling points are characterized.

关键词： Microwave technology   Portable computers   Embedded systems   Mobile handsets   Radiofrequency identification  

摘要： Radio-frequency identification (RFID) readers are the main bottleneck when building an RFID system. The cost of the readers can be high, and these devices can be bulky. Moreover, when these RFID readers have to be included in a small mobile device, the cost increases, or the system becomes more complex to put together.

摘要： Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

关键词： Metal-oxide arrester   Radio frequency identification   Leakage current   Mind evolutionary computation  

摘要： This paper proposes an online monitoring method of metal-oxide arrester (MOA) based on passive RFID sensor tag and mind evolutionary computation (MEC). Firstly, an RFID sensor tag is designed to collect the leakage current of MOA, so as to realize the rapid fault location and equipment life cycle management. The proposed RFID sensor incorporates the sensor data into its ID information. The proposed power management block adopts a new architecture of a low-voltage DC-DC charge pump after a single-stage rectifier circuit. A method of MOA condition monitoring based on MEC is proposed. According to the measured operating voltage and leakage current, the parameters k and alpha which can reflect the aging condition of MOA are solved by using MEC's better optimization calculation ability, so as to monitor the MOA condition. In addition, the influence of harmonic voltage on the algorithm is analyzed through MATLAB simulation. The results show that the designed sensor tag can effectively measure the leakage current, and the proposed monitoring algorithm can accurately calculate the relevant parameters reflecting the state of MOA. Moreover, under the influence of harmonic voltage, the maximum errors of parameters k and alpha are 1.8% and 2.0%. Compared with the existing monitoring technology, it has the advantages of low cost, high precision and rapid fault location, which provides a new method and idea for on-line monitoring of MOA.

关键词： RFID   Barcode   Privacy   Security  

摘要： Automated identification (auto-ID) has been widely used in practice for more than five decades, beginning with the commercial use of barcodes in the early 1970s. More recently, since about 2003, RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) use has seen widespread adoption. While these automated identification technologies help improve convenience, effectiveness, and efficiency, associated vulnerabilities need to be carefully considered to weigh their advantages against their disadvantages. By its very nature, automated identification has the potential to expose its subject to privacy and security risks. We consider specific vulnerabilities that are associated with barcode and RFID to identify related attack scenarios and discuss means to address such risks and attacks.

关键词： Location awareness   Three-dimensional displays   Service robots   Transponders   Object recognition   Mobile robots   Radiofrequency identification  

摘要： In our age of global networks and the Internet of Things, communication and identification with a transponder tagged on goods and products have become increasingly important [1]. There is not only a need for the identification of the labeled objects but also for finding their exact positions in 3D space. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) offers both and is, in fact, already used in a vast field of applications, such as access control, goods logistics, indoor localization, automation, stocktaking, and many others [2]-[6]. Figure 1 illustrates a mobile robot platform for automatic inventory rounds that is used to acquire 3D product maps with ultrahigh-frequency (UHF)-RFID technology.