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关键词： Dynamic measurement   image processing   RFID multi-tag   deep learning   machine vision  

摘要： The quality of multi-tag imaging greatly affects the effective detection of multi-tag. When multi-tag moves rapidly, the image may have serious dynamic blur, and tags can not be detected efficiently. In previous work, it is generally assumed that blur kernel and noise stationary to improve image quality. However, the dynamic deblurring of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) multi-tag imaging is an ill-posed inverse problem. In this paper, firstly, blur-sharp multi-tag image pairs are made by superimposing and averaging the adjoin random frames. Then, we propose blind deblurring for dynamic RFID multi-tag imaging based on conditional generative adversarial nets (CGANs), which adds perceptual loss and content loss to generator to make image sharper. Finally, tags are detected by YOLOv3 in real time in end-to-end manner. Experimental results demonstrate that PSNR is at least 0.56dB higher and speed is at least 31.25 % faster than that of the current improved convolution neural networks (CNN). CGANs can remove image blur better, which has great superiority in the field of dynamic multi-tag imaging. In addition, YOLOv3 detects multi-tag quickly, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

关键词： 无线电信号   射频   信号识别   应用   机器人技术   研究  

ISBN: (纸本)9787568071093

摘要： 本书以机器人化智能制造为背景，引入了RFID技术赋能机器人应用的新途径。全书系统阐述了基于RFID的位置感知技术的原理与方法，着重介绍了基于RFID相位信息的目标定位方法、RFID信息融合下的机器人自主定位技术、基于RFID相位差的移动机器人导航技术以及基于RFID相位梯度的移动机器人伺服控制技术，并结合具体实例介绍了基于RFID位置感知技术在制造业仓储管理中的应用。本书引入了RFID技术赋能机器人应用的新途径，介绍了基于RFID位置感知技术在制造业仓储管理中的应用。可作为广大工程技术人员，特别是物联网、机器人相关从业人员以及高等院校机械类、自动化类专业研究生工作与研究的参考书。

关键词： Autocorrelation Test   Frequency Test   Genetic Algorithms   Key Establishment   Poker Test   PRNG   RFID Technologies   Runs Test   Serial Test  

摘要： In RFID technology, communication is based on random numbers, and the numbers used there are pseudo-random too (PRN). As for the PRN, it is generated by the computational tool that creates a sequence of numbers that are generally not related. In cryptography, we usually need to generate the encrypted and decrypted keys, so that we can use the genetic algorithm (GA) to find and present those keys. In this paper, the authors use the GA to find the random keys based on GA operators. The results of this generation attempt are tested through five statistical tests by which they try to determine the keys that are mostly responsible for message-encryption.

关键词： Mobile robots   Radiofrequency identification   Calibration   Robot sensing systems   Mobile antennas   Interference   Mobile robot   phase difference   radio frequency identification (RFID)   readability   RFID localization  

摘要： A novel radio frequency identification (RFID)-based mobile robot global localization method combining two kinds of RFID signal information, i.e., phase difference and readability, is proposed. Specifically, a phase difference model and a classification logic strategy based on readability are built and integrated into a particle filter localization algorithm. Compared with existing RFID localization methods, the proposed localization method can achieve competitive localization performance in an environment with a relatively sparse reference tag distribution and without the need for offline phase drift calibration. A series of real experimental tests were performed, and the results show that the proposed method can localize a mobile robot with centimeter-level position accuracy and satisfactory attitude angle accuracy when the distance between adjacent reference tags is approximately 60 cm, even if all RFID devices are commercial off-the-shelf (COTS). The proposed method provides a promising option for mobile robot localization applications, such as path tracking of mobile robots. Note to Practitioners-Mobile robot localization is a key technology for its location-based services. Considering that radio frequency identification (RFID) is entirely unaffected by light interference and has a globally unique ID, RFID has been regarded as a localization sensor with broad application prospects. This article proposes an RFID-based mobile robot global localization method combining phase difference and readability, by which the mobile robot can be accurately localized in an environment with a relatively sparse reference tag distribution and without the need for offline phase drift calibration. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can localize the mobile robot with good performance, including centimeter-level position accuracy and satisfactory attitude angle accuracy. The proposed method can effectively contribute to many practical applications, such as the

关键词： Internet of things (IoT)   Blockchain   RFID   Chebyshev chaotic map   Mutual authentication   Reader compromised attack  

摘要： Designers of smart environments based on radio frequency identification devices have a challenging task to build secure mutual authentication protocols. These systems are classified into two major factions which are traditional closed-loop systems, and open-loop systems. To the best of our knowledge, all of the mutual authentication protocols previously introduced for these two categories rely on a centralized database but they fail to address decentralized mutual authentication and their related attacks. Thanks to the blockchain technology, which is a novel distributed technology, in this paper, we propose two decentralized mutual authentication protocols for IoT systems. Our first scheme is utilized for traditional closed-loop RFID systems (called CLAB), and the second one applies to open-loop RFID systems (called OLAB). Meanwhile, we examine the security of the Chebyshev chaotic map-based authentication algorithm and confirm that this algorithm is unprotected against tag and reader impersonation attacks. Likewise, we present a denial of service (DoS), tag impersonation, and reader impersonation attacks against the Chebyshev chaotic-map based protocol when employed in open-loop IoT networks. Moreover, we discover a full secret recovery attack against a recent RFID mutual authentication protocol which is based on blockchain. Finally, we use the BAN-logic method to approve the security characteristics of our CLAB and OLAB proposals.

关键词： Internet of Things   RFID   Transport and logistics industry   IoT adoption intention   Mixed research approach  

摘要： This work assesses the factors affecting a firm's adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the transport and logistics (T&L) industry. This study uses mixed methods research to explore the determinants of IoT. First, we gathered information on firms' structural characteristics through a questionnaire. Then, we used an OLS regression analysis to determine which factors drive IoT adoption. The results suggested that the level of IoT technologies' adoption within firms in T&L is positively affected by firm size, the firm's absorptive capacity, and entrepreneurs' perception of the benefits of related technologies. Implications and limitations of the study are also provided.

关键词： Transponders   Computational RFID   WISP   secure wireless firmware update   physically unclonable functions   SRAM PUF  

摘要： The simplicity of deployment and perpetual operation of energy harvesting devices provides a compelling proposition for a new class of edge devices for the Internet of Things. In particular, Computational Radio Frequency Identification (CRFID) devices are an emerging class of battery free, computational, sensing enhanced devices that harvest all of their energy for operation. Despite wireless connectivity and powering, secure wireless firmware updates remains an open challenge for CRFID devices due to: intermittent powering, limited computational capabilities, and the absence of a supervisory operating system. We present, for the first time, a secure wireless code dissemination (SecuCode) mechanism for CRFIDs by entangling a device intrinsic hardware security primitive-Static Random Access Memory Physical Unclonable Function (SRAM PUF)-to a firmware update protocol. The design of SecuCode: i) overcomes the resource-constrained and intermittently powered nature of the CRFID devices;ii) is fully compatible with existing communication protocols employed by CRFID devices-in particular, ISO-18000-6C protocol;and ii) is built upon a standard and industry compliant firmware compilation and update method realized by extending a recent framework for firmware updates provided by Texas Instruments. We build an end-to-end SecuCode implementation and conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate standards compliance, evaluate performance and security.

关键词： chipless RFID   back scattering   gesture recognition  

摘要： This article presents a 14-bit chipless RFID label which, in addition to classical identification feature, can be used as decimal numeric keypad, allowing the deployment of secure access control applications. A low-cost single layer label comprising 10 RF loop scatterers is used to code information in the frequency domain. In addition, each resonator is associated to a digit in the decimal number system, and the difference in the spectrum caused by the touch event is exploited for the detection of each key pressing. The shape of the resonators has been carefully selected to be both highly resonant and to show high sensitivity to the presence or absence of the human finger. The concept is validated by measurements in an office environment using an FCC compliant low-cost chipless reader and microstrip vivaldi antennas. Simple detection algorithms are proposed for both identification and touch sensing in real environment.

关键词： Microwave tags   RFID   interrogator   backscatter communications   commercial applications of microwaves  

摘要： This is the third article in our continuing series of general interest tutorial papers on the applications of microwaves in areas of science and technology that might not be appreciated by every engineer. The tagging of people, animals, and all manner of things for individual identification purposes has been an obsession of humanity since the earliest days of community existence and personal property. Doing so permanently, discretely, and without the possibility of removal or alteration was the realm of science fiction and spy novels until very recently. In this article we examine, from a microwave perspective, the techniques, devices, development and basic operation of the now ubiquitous RFID industry which, in my humble opinion, and like so many technological and science innovations, takes on the mantra of the Roman deity, Janus: transitioning from a past seeking change for the better, to a future which promises both benefits and dangers in the embrace of new technology. The author hopes you will enjoy this month's "Microwaves are Everywhere."

关键词： battery-less   IoT   radio frequency identification (RFID)   sensor   zero-power  

摘要： We present a survey on battery-less Radio Frequency Identification (RFID-based wireless sensors that have emerged in the past several years. We discuss the evolution of RFID turning into wireless sensors. Moreover, we talk about different components of these battery-less RFID-based wireless sensors, five main topologies that transform a simple RFID chip into a battery-less wireless sensor, and state-of-the-art implementations of these topologies. In battery-less wireless sensors, the read range is of key importance. Hence, we discuss how each component of the sensor plays its role in determining the read range and how each topology exploits these components to optimize read range, complexity, and/or cost. Additionally, we discuss potential future directions that can help provide improvements in RFID-based wireless sensor technology.