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关键词： Antennas   Dipole antennas   Impedance measurement   Antenna measurements   Reflector antennas   Broadband antennas   UHF antennas   RFID   denture   compact   low-loss   partially exposed   HBEL   resin  

摘要： A denture implanted UHF RFID tag antenna is proposed. The limitation on antenna size means that a low-loss and compact antenna including matching circuit is necessary to increase the tracking distance. To reduce the loss brought by reflection, a partially exposed folded dipole antenna with gamma matching is utilized. The denture implanted RFID tag is fabricated by using materials utilized in the exact denture such as metal wire and resin. Furthermore, the RFID operation properties of the denture implanted tag are evaluated by changing the parameters of antenna structure. Based on the measurement result, the new proposed structure reduce the reflection loss from the mismatch between RFID chip and small antenna, which provides enough energy for communication. Also, this proposed antenna structure provides a brand new idea for designing antenna in medium.

摘要： 复旦微电子集团股份有限公司宣布推出超高频FM13UF系列标签芯片和FM13RD1616系列读写器芯片，具备超可靠、快速数据写入和读取功能，可有效提升标签盘点成功率，显著拓展标签识读距离，高度适用于无源物联网2.0和3.0的应用场景。

关键词： RFID tag   RFID in healthcare   sensors and networks   antenna and design   location   people   object tracking  

摘要： This paper describes the development of a Direct Driven Resonant Radiator (DDRR) antenna for an ultra-low power UHF RFID tag system, integrating an accelerometer for movement tracking using a passive backscattering communications link. An outline of a system intended for healthcare applications involving wireless movement detection, such as therapeutic recovery exercises is described. The tag comprises of a UHF RFID transponder connected to a 4 cm (0.115 lambda) diameter, 1 mm thick (0.0028 lambda) skin-mounted antenna. Off-body read ranges of 3.6 m with 1 kB/s data communication are achieved. The DDRR radiation pattern is a limiting factor in movement tracking, offering only limited angles of detection, which could be improved with spatial diversity in the reader antennas.

关键词： 飞机座椅套   RFID   数字化维修   智能管理系统   精准管控  

摘要： 本文对民航维修行业中的飞机座椅套管理进行了研究，调研了目前座椅套管理方式的现状和问题。为解决人工管控带来的效率低下、运营成本高和存在超标使用风险等问题，基于对座椅套管理业务场景的分析，利用物联网技术手段，研究了由RFID相关硬件设备进行信息采集的可行性。在本文探讨的管理系统中，为每一个座椅套缝制唯一的RFID标签，使用RFID扫描设备对RFID标签进行批量化扫描读取，并与后台业务管理系统对接组成座椅套智能管理系统，可实现对飞机座椅套状态的精准管控。本文首先介绍系统组成，再针对各业务流程对系统功能进行详细设计，最后进行效益分析，表明RFID管理系统可以实现管理需求，达到降本增效的目的。

关键词： Radiofrequency identification   Linear systems   Sensors   Resonators   Resonant frequency   Backscatter   Time-frequency analysis   Linear time-invariant system   radar cross section   RFID   scatterer   sensor  

摘要： In this paper, we present the first chipless sensor which does not satisfy the definition of a linear time-invariant system. This rotational sensor is able to break the time-invariance classically associated with chipless technology by modulating the reflected power in the time domain. As a result, this sensor is able to backscatter power at a frequency different to the one used by the reader and function of the rotational speed. A new identification scheme based on the power of the modulated backscattered tag signal is also introduced and allows to identify different tags. Coding capacity has been evaluated at 11 bits with a probability of correct detection of 98%. Linear time-variant systems allow also to simplify the reader architecture, read multiple tags and increase the read range for both sensing and identification. We show that the proposed chipless sensor could be read at a distance higher than 10 m. This result outperforms classical read range of chipless tag by a factor of 30.

关键词： Internet of Things   RFID   security guidelines   privacy guidelines   countermeasures   security goals   privacy and security by design   attacks  

摘要： The Internet of Things (IoT) comprises many technologies, among them is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), which can be used to track single or multiple objects. This technology has been widely used in healthcare, supply chain, logistics, and asset tracking. However, such applications require a high level of security and privacy and are unfortunately vulnerable to various attacks and threats that need to be addressed in order for RFID-based IoT applications to reach their full potential. To this end, we propose a set of security and privacy guidelines for RFID, supported by modelling guidelines, mitigations, and the attack vectors cohesively. We compare to the state of the art and point out their shortcomings on known guidelines and reason to address these in our model. The overall methodology is as follows: (i) identify the security and privacy guideline features, (ii) highlight the security goals for RFID-based IoT applications, (iii) analyze the features in relation to RFID industrial standards, and relate them to security goals, (iv) summarize attacks and threats against RFID applications and correlate them with violated security goals, (v) derive a set of security and privacy guidelines for RFID applications in accordance with security and privacy by design frameworks. We also describe our derived guidelines in connection with the involved stakeholders, and (vi) outline the existing mitigation strategies to implement our proposed guidelines. Finally, we describe the main limitations of our work that should be investigated in the future and identify the multiple challenges that concern current security strategies.

关键词： RFID   认证协议   超轻量级   安全与隐私   物联网  

摘要： 随着物联网(Internet of Things,Io T)的快速发展,作为实现万物互联的关键技术,无线射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)改善了全球范围内包括医疗、物流、供应链、军事和农业等多个行业的服务质量,并为保护物联网环境中标签和阅读器之间传输的数据提供了多种安全服务。然而,RFID的优势并不能阻止攻击者访问其通信,如果不慎泄露系统中用户的隐私信息,将会严重影响系统的可用性,甚至会让个人和企业遭受不菲的损失。并且由于标签资源受限,RFID系统的安全认证和对机密数据的保护具有很高的研究价值。众多学者针对RFID系统提出了基于密码散列函数、对称密码和椭圆曲线密码的安全认证协议,然而,大多协议不仅未能满足RFID系统的安全需求,并且在低成本的标签上实现具有一定的困难。为了解决RFID系统中的各种安全和隐私问题,设计满足应用场景安全需求的低成本认证协议是亟待解决的问题。为解决上述问题,本文基于超轻量级位运算算法,面向两个典型场景,分别提出了如下两个RFID超轻量级安全认证协议:1)针对标签分布分散、个体数据高度敏感的智慧医疗场景,提出了一种基于云服务器的超轻量级RFID认证协议。RFID技术广泛应用于医疗系统中,极大地方便了医疗管理,降低了医疗服务的人力成本。然而,RFID标签的不当使用极有可能威胁到医院和患者的安全和隐私。此外,受到RFID标签或阅读器的资源限制的影响,为RFID医疗监测系统设计高效并且有效的认证协议也具有挑战性。为了减少资源开销和满足RFID系统的安全要求,本文提出了一种基于云服务器的超轻量级RFID安全认证协议,该协议基于位交换异或重排操作,能够在认证云服务器的同时有效抵抗常见的安全攻击手段。通过BAN逻辑证明了协议的形式化安全性。利用Verilog语言在Vivado平台上仿真该协议的标签开销,并使用JAVA语言仿真认证所需的时间,安全性分析和实验结果表明,和其他经典的RFID认证协议相比,该认证协议能够以较低的成本实现更高的安全目标。2)针对标签分布集中、数量巨大的智慧物流场景,提出了一种超轻量级RFID批量认证协议。智慧物流是指利用物联网和信息技术,集信息化、智能化、系统化于一体的网络物流配送系统,RFID技术可以实时监测运输过程中货物状况;考虑到快件在大多数情况下位置集中,且实际物流中常会发生丢件的情况,亟需一个能够识别货物丢失情况的大批量认证协议。本文基于新设计的超轻量级加密算法和用于批量认证的碰撞运算提出了一个适用于智慧物流的RFID批量认证协议,该协议可以在识别丢失货物的同时批量认证合法的货物。对该协议进行的安全性分析和比较表明其实现了标签和阅读器的双向认证和对云服务器的认证,可以有效抵抗常见的安全威胁,而且比其他批量认证协议具有更高的安全性。通过BAN逻辑证明了协议的形式化安全性。在Vivado平台仿真标签的计算开销和IDEA编辑器上模拟认证过程,与其他协议的比较结果显示,该协议使用较小的标签开销实现了更高效的批量认证。

关键词： Special issues and sections   Meetings   Radiofrequency identification  

摘要： This year, the IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification (JRFID), decided to host a joint Special Issue collecting extended versions of papers coming from two international events. The former is the IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA) 2021, virtually held in Delhi, India, on October 6-8, 2021. The latter is the International Symposium on Advances in RFID Technology organized within the International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Technologies (SpliTech), hosted in Split and Bol, Croatia, on September 8-11, 2021. SpliTech was technically co-sponsored by the IEEE and technically media sponsored by the IEEE Council on RFID (CRFID).

关键词： 手写识别   射频识别   无绑定   信号反射模型   手指定位  

摘要： 手写识别是一个典型的人机交互应用,通过在设备上书写获取用户的手写轨迹,来进行信息录入、签名认证等。现有的手写识别系统大多使用电子屏幕或摄像头等昂贵的硬件设备实现,有些存在隐私泄露的隐患,有些需要用户手持或穿戴设备进行手写,降低了使用的便利性。随着物联网技术的发展,手写识别技术改进成为一个研究热点,同时也拓宽了手写识别的应用领域。其中,射频识别技术为实现一种交互性更强、便捷性更高的手写识别方案提供了可能。因此,论文提出一种基于RFID标签的无绑定手写识别方案来解决目前手写识别中存在的问题,主要研究内容如下。首先,针对周围环境噪声和设备本身缺陷引起的信号异常波动问题,系统先进行相位展开操作消除相位跳变,恢复断开的相位。然后通过高斯加权移动平均滤波器消除噪声,得到与手写动作相关的连续相位流。在此之后,提出一种基于差分信号的分割算法,分析手写信号的特点,进而实现连续相位流的分割。算法通过寻找手写片段的初始点和结束点,得到与每个字符相对应的相位片段。其次,针对用户的手写轨迹,系统进行手指位置定位和轨迹重建工作。根据相位能够刻画距离关系的特点建立信号反射模型,通过分析信号的传播路径,描述手指运动与标签相位变化之间的关系。然后将连续的手写轨迹分解成与各采样点相对应的手指位置坐标,利用信号反射模型定位每个采样点对应的手指位置坐标。时序连接各个采样点的手指位置坐标进行手写轨迹的重建。为防止重建的轨迹存在旋转或翻转问题导致手写轨迹的误识别,进行轨迹转换,统一不同方向、位置的手写轨迹,从而实现精确的手写识别。最后,在两个场景中采用商用RFID设备部署本文系统,并通过多组对比实验评估系统的手写识别性能和轨迹跟踪性能。实验结果表明,对于26个大写字母的平均识别准确率能到达94.08%,用户手写轨迹的跟踪误差控制在1cm左右。