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关键词： Decision support system   Cold supply chain   RFID-WSN-GPS   Mathematical programming   Real-time monitoring and control  

摘要： This study proposes an architecture (hardware and software) for real-time monitoring and control system for a cold supply chain. The architecture includes different physical components and how they are interconnected and their structure, behavior, functions, and decision-making processes. The system is based on RFID-WSN-GPS, where collected data are transferred in real time to a controller serving as a decision-making unit. The controller analyzes, stores, predicts, and intervenes whenever faults occur. Mathematical models corresponding to different supply chain configurations were developed in this study. Different cost components (such as products, transportation, lost sales, and inventory-related costs) and risk mitigation decisions (such as stopping transportation and rerouting shipments) are considered in the models. A case study of grape transportation was conducted. In this case study, four different supply chain configurations were compared to demonstrate the utility of the proposed system in terms of cost savings. The results show cost reductions of up to 3.39% depending on the different system configurations and the set of decisions considered. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of failure probability and cost components on cost savings.

摘要： "Die übergabe pumpfähiger Prozessmedien bei der Anlieferung oder Zuführung in verfahrenstechnischen Anlagen erfolgt oftmals über sogenannte Schlauchbahnhöfe. Aufgrund der Vielzahl von Kopplungsstellen, müssen nicht korrekt hergestellte Verbindungen erkannt werden, um hohe Folgekosten und Unfälle zu vermeiden. RFID hilft die hergestellten Verbindungen automatisch und zuverlässig zu überprüfen. "

关键词： RFID   Radio -frequency identification   IOT   Sensing   Localization   Geoscience   Environmental   Landslide   River bedload   Soil moisture   Soil temperature   Snow   SWE   SHM  

摘要： Billions of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) passive tags are produced yearly to identify goods remotely. New research and business applications are continuously arising, including recently localization and sensing to monitor earth surface processes. Indeed, passive tags can cost 10 to 100 times less than wireless sensors networks and require little maintenance, facilitating years-long monitoring with ten's to thousands of tags. This study reviews the existing and potential applications of RFID in geosciences. The most mature application today is the study of coarse sediment transport in rivers or coastal environments, using tags placed into pebbles. More recently, tag localization was used to monitor landslide displacement, with a centimetric accuracy. Sensing tags were used to detect a displacement threshold on unstable rocks, to monitor the soil moisture or temperature, and to monitor the snowpack temperature and snow water equivalent. RFID sensors, available today, could monitor other parameters, such as the vibration of structures, the tilt of unstable boulders, the strain of a material, or the salinity of water. Key challenges for using RFID monitoring more broadly in geosciences include the use of ground and aerial vehicles to collect data or localize tags, the increase in reading range and duration, the ability to use tags placed under ground, snow, water or vegetation, and the optimization of economical and environ-mental cost. As a pattern, passive RFID could fill a gap between wireless sensor networks and manual mea-surements, to collect data efficiently over large areas, during several years, at high spatial density and moderate cost.

关键词： construction site monitoring   wireless sensor network   LoRa   MEMS   RFID   energy harvesting   Internet of Things   remote monitoring   building information modeling  

摘要： It is necessary to ensure safety in terms of health and accidents through the real-time monitoring of the construction site environment and workers. This problem has become of great importance due to the economic and social implications. Therefore, a sensor-based approach has been found to be beneficial in Building Information Modeling (BIM). Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies are well-suited for the deployment of monitoring systems. A suitable technical solution for node communication in a WSN is Long Range (LoRa) modulation technology. In this study, an autonomous LoRa-based system for the monitoring of a construction site in Lungro, Calabria, Italy, is presented. The spatial monitoring of working personnel is achieved by employing a tracker device with an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and a Global Positioning System (GPS) device. Accesses of personnel and gear to the site are registered using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags equipped with protective gear. Fixed-position solar-powered sensor nodes are also employed for structural monitoring, i.e., movement sensors are used to monitor the variation of scaffolding, building structures, and under-work housing inclinations. Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) gateways interface with the nodes and the internet for data exchange, enabling an Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm for the monitoring solution. A comprehensive overview of the workers and structural nodes, along with the RFID access management system and LoRaWAN gateway features, is provided in this article. A description of the web interface is also reported.

关键词： Internet of things  

摘要： This paper proposes a protocol to prove the coexistence of tag groups. The protocol uses ergodic XOR operation to implement the encryption of the information to be transmitted;Ergodic XOR operation makes full use of the Hamming weight value carried by the encrypted private information, which can not only reduce the introduction of parameters and the storage space but also increase the difficulty of protocol cracking. At first, the steps of the proof protocol for the coexistence of single tag groups are given, and then an extensible proof protocol for the coexistence of multiple tag groups is supplied. From the comparative analysis of security and performance for different protocols, it can be shown that the proposed protocol can not only meet the security needs of users but also outperform other protocols in performance;It also can be shown that the protocol has rigorous logical reasoning by reasoning the protocol from the perspective of formalization. © 2022, International Journal of Network Security. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： chipless RFID sensors   temperature sensor   strain sensor   structural health monitoring  

摘要： This paper was concerned with the current level of progress towards the development of chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors that are capable of sensing strain and temperature. More specifically, it was interested in the possibility that the resulting devices could be used as a passive wireless structural health monitoring (SHM) sensor technology that could be printed in situ. This work contains the development and performance characterization results for both novel strain and novel temperature sensor designs with resulting sensitivities of 9.77 MHz/%epsilon and 0.88 MHz/degrees C, respectively. Furthermore, a detailed discussion on the interrogation system required to meet the relevant aerospace sensing requirements was also discussed, and several methods were explored to enhance the multi-sensor support capabilities of this technology.

关键词： RFID   3D printing   structural health monitoring   direction of arrival   multiple signal classification  

摘要： Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are small, low-cost, wearable, and wireless sensors that can detect movement in structures, humans, or robots. In this paper, we use passive RFID tags for structural health monitoring by detecting displacements. We employ a novel process of using 3D printable embedded passive RFID tags within uniform linear arrays together with the multiple signal classification algorithm to estimate the direction of arrival using only the phase of the backscattered signals. We validate our proposed approach via data collected from real-world experiments using a unipolar RFID reader antenna and both narrowband and wideband measurements.

关键词： dual-interrogation-mode   RFID technology   semi-active characteristics   strain sensing   wireless transmission  

摘要： Engineering structures are subjected to strain and deflection, due to various loads, and/or environmental effects. It is, thus, of uttermost importance to monitor the strain condition of critical structures, so as to prevent catastrophic failures, but also to minimize maintenance costs. In order to overcome limitations of existing conventional strain sensors, including extensive cabling arrangement and continuous power supply, a newly dual-interrogation-mode radio frequency identification (RFID) strain sensor is proposed in this study to achieve a longer interrogation transmission distance for wireless strain sensing, which can automatically switch between passive modes with low power consumption and active modes with ultra-high frequency (UHF). The proposed design scheme involves the RFID tag and RFID reader for wireless strain transmission module and the improved Wheatstone bridge as strain measurement module. The proposed RFID strain sensor features the following merits: (i) Wireless strain sensing characteristics with the integration of RFID technology. (ii) Long transmission distance with dual interrogation mode: RFID tag is generally in a passive dormant state with an extremely low operating current. And the tag circuit will enter the working state in ultra-high frequency to collect strain data only when the RFID reader enters the interrogation area, achieving semi-active strain sensing with low energy consumption at a long distance (up to 80 m), which is especially suitable for practical strain measurement of engineering structures. (iii) Temperature self-compensation characteristic: The developed RFID sensor includes a temperature compensation strain gauge to offset the error caused by temperature change, which will improve the measurement accuracy. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted to characterize the measurement performance, including thermal stability, tensile, and compressive strain sensing for various engineering materials.

关键词： deep learning   person identification   RFID   target detection  

摘要： Recently, radio frequency identification (RFID) sensing has attracted much attention due to its contact-free nature, low cost, light weight and other advantages. RFID-based person detection has also become a hot research topic, but there are still some problems in the existing research. First, most of the current studies cannot identify numerous people at a time well. Second, in order to detect more accurately, it is necessary to evaluate the whole-body activity of a person, which will consume a lot of time to process the data and cannot be applied in time. To solve these problems, in this paper we propose RF-Detection, a person detection system using RFID. First of all, RF-Detection takes step length as the standard for person detection, divides step length into specific sections according to the relationship between step length and height, and achieves high accuracy for new user detection through a large amount of training for a specific step length. Secondly, RF-Detection can better identify the number of people in the same space by segmenting continuous people. Finally, the data collection was reduced by expanding the data set, and the deep learning method was used to further improve the accuracy. The results show that the overall recognition accuracy of RF-Detection is 98.93%.

关键词： Supply chains  

摘要： Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a key technology used in many applications. In the past decades, plenty of secure and privacy-preserving RFID tag/mutual authentication protocols as well as formal frameworks for evaluating them have been proposed. However, we notice that a property, namely proof of possession (PoP), has not been rigorously studied till now, despite it has significant value in many RFID applications. For example, in RFID-enabled supply chains, PoP helps prevent dishonest parties from publishing information about products/tags that they actually have never processed. We propose the first formal framework for RFID tag/mutual authentication with PoP after correcting deficiencies of some existing RFID formal frameworks. Our framework is based on a new privacy notion-unp#-privacy, and a new security notion-PoP credential unforgeability. We provide a generic construction to transform an RFID tag/mutual authentication protocol to one that supports PoP using a cryptographic hash function, a pseudorandom function (PRF) and a signature scheme. We prove that the constructed protocol is secure and privacy-preserving under our framework if all the building blocks possess desired security properties. Finally, we show an RFID mutual authentication protocol with PoP. Arming tag/mutual authentication protocols with PoP is an important step to strengthen RFID-enabled systems as it bridges the security gap between physical layer and data layer, and reduces the misuses of RFID-related data. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.