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关键词： Internet of things  

摘要： The existing protocols only apply to traditional RFID systems. This paper proposes a three-party authentication protocol for mobile RFID systems to address this problem. The protocol is based on a novel encryption operation: the operation of the remainder, rounding and reordering. The protocol skillfully combines the length variable and Hamming weight of the encryption parameter itself, performs the remainder rounding operation on them, and reorders them in different ways according to the operation results, which can break the sequence of the encryption parameter itself and reduce the introduction of other variables. At the electronic tag end, the counter mechanism is added to record the information amount sent to the electronic tag by the reader in the last round so that different operations can be performed, which can resist replay attacks and asynchronous attacks. Analyzing the protocol from multiple attack types shows that the proposed protocol can resist common types of attacks. By analyzing the performance indicators of the protocol based on the computation amount at the tag end and the overall traffic of the protocol, it is shown that the overall computation amount and communication overhead of the proposed protocol is superior to other comparison protocols. © (2023) All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Fingerprint database   inspection robot   radio frequency identification (RFID)   reference tag array (RTA)   relative positioning  

摘要： High-precision location information is the key to efficient, safe, and automated inspection. A novel relative positioning method based on radio frequency identification (RFID) tag array is proposed and demonstrated, and the high-precision relative position of the inspection robot is realized by configuring only a small tag array in the inspection area. First, an array of reference tags is deployed on the walls around the inspection area. Second, in the offline stage, the inspection robot patrols along the designated route, and uses a system that integrates a mobile robot with an RFID reader and antenna to obtain the phase measurement value of the reference tag array (RTA) and build a fingerprint database. Finally, in the online stage, the inspection robot continuously collects the phase information of the RTA during the inspection process, compensates the error of the online data based on the offline fingerprint database, and selects the appropriate reference tag to participate in the positioning based on the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) theory. We built our test platform using the commercial RFID reader Impinj Speedway R420, and deployed a set of smaller RFID tag arrays with a number of 3 x 6 and a spacing of 40 cm between tags in the conference room of our university. The results showed that the new design was less affected by the inspection trajectory and obstacles, and could assist the inspection robot to achieve high-precision relative positioning, with a positioning error of no more than 6 cm in complex scenarios.

关键词： Authentication  

摘要： Recently, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has been widely used. A lightweight security authentication protocol for mobile RFID is proposed to aim at the problems of high complexity and system security in existing mobile RFID authentication protocols. The tag identity is encrypted by the matrix’s arrangement and combination of column vectors based on column pseudonyms, which can effectively reduce tag computational complexity. The tag is required to mainly store its identity and shared keys, which can effectively reduce tag storage complexity. During the authentication process, the proposed protocol generates dynamic authentication keys without changing shared keys, which are different in each session. The protocol uses XOR operation to transfer privacy data based on the dynamic authentication keys. This method can effectively reduce the computational complexity of the protocol while protecting privacy data. The protocol requires the receiver to verify the random number in time after receiving information, which can effectively solve the system security problem. Formal proof and analysis results show that the proposed protocol has good security and can resist attacks. The experimental results indicate that the protocol has low complexity, which can effectively reduce the burden of tag operation and storage. It has good value for mobile RFID systems. © (2023), (Femto Technique Co.). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： 防伪溯源   实时监测   RFID技术   Spring Boot  

摘要： 随着社会经济的发展,人们对农产品的需求不断上升。在国家政策对农产品的积极导向下,农产品产量和品种不断增加,满足了市场的需求,但随之而来的质量和安全问题也日益凸显。建立农产品溯源系统,记录农产品的全流程信息,是保障农产品安全的有效手段,但目前的溯源系统存在着诸多问题,主要体现在溯源数据、技术开发和平台功能这三方面。本文针对这些问题展开研究,设计并实现了基于RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)标签的农产品防伪溯源系统。本文针对该系统所做的主要工作如下: (1)深入分析近几年国内外农产品防伪溯源系统的发展现状,总结现有溯源系统的缺陷和不足,结合课题实际需求,提出了将Web开发技术与传统溯源技术相结合的设计思路,明确了本文的研究内容和创新点。 (2)根据农产品防伪溯源系统的功能需求和用户需求,提出了将射频识别技术、物联网技术、传感器技术、数据库技术与在线平台搭建技术融合的技术路线,并分别对关键技术进行了介绍,确定了以平台服务器为中心,以溯源数据获取和溯源数据查询为基础的系统架构。 (3)从硬件层、嵌入式软件层、溯源在线平台三个方面进行了具体的系统设计。完成了基于R200的RFID读写系统、基于SIM900A的车辆监测系统和基于Vue和Spring Boot的溯源在线平台的开发。使用TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)协议和HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol)协议实现数据交互,并通过MySQL数据库和Redis完成数据存储和缓存。设计了包括身份认证与授权、数据录入与查询、仓库与货物管理、货运车辆监控和数据统计分析等5个功能模块,实现了对农产品全流程36个关键数据的监测。 (4)搭建实验平台,对RFID读写系统、车辆监测系统和溯源在线平台进行单独的功能测试,最后完成了对溯源系统的整体性能测试。结果显示,系统在各项性能指标上均达到了设计预期,各功能模块也满足了设计要求。 本文所实现的系统显著提升了农产品的追溯能力和信息透明度,避免了传统溯源系统存在的数据不完整、技术落后以及溯源平台功能不全等问题。对于提高农产品质量、保障农产品安全以及维护市场秩序等方面具有重要的实际意义,具备较高的实用价值和推广前景。

关键词： 数字基带设计   防碰撞算法   ZYNQ   快速标签识别   ISO/IEC 18000-6C  

摘要： 随着无线射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)在物流、零售和仓储管理等领域的广泛应用,目前,基于ISO/IEC 18000-6C协议的读写器在处理高速移动的标签时,常面临标签碰撞概率高和识别效率低的问题。现有的改进防碰撞算法与该协议的兼容性以及实际部署方面存在不足。为了提高读写器在高速移动环境下对标签的识别速度,本文重点研究并改进了该协议中的防碰撞算法,并设计了一种符合该协议的RIFD读写器的数字基带系统架构。本文主要工作如下: (1)构建了一个高速移动场景下的标签识别模型,并提出了一种基于标签到达率预测标签数量的算法。利用FM0编码技术进行碰撞位检测,通过计算两个相邻Q值对应的帧长,确定了标签数量范围与最佳Q值的对应关系,使系统能精确选择最佳Q值参数。改进的防碰撞算法不仅兼容ISO/IEC 18000-6C协议,而且提高了系统的吞吐率,减少了移动环境下的标签丢失率,并显著提升了标签识别效率。 (2)基于ZYNQ平台设计了一种符合ISO/IEC 18000-6C协议规范的读写器数字基带系统框架,使用Verilog语言对各模块进行了详细设计与仿真验证。此外,通过并行处理技术优化了CRC-16校验模块,显著提升了数据校验的速度,并将基带模块封装为支持AXI高速接口的IP核,提高了系统的数据传输效率。 本文基于ZYNQ-7000开发板搭建了系统硬件测试平台,并进行了相应的硬件测试。测试结果表明,本文设计的超高频RFID读写器数字基带系统在处理高速移动标签识别方面具有工程应用价值。

关键词： Axial ratio (AR)   circular polarization (CP)   RFID   reader antenna   return loss  

摘要： The paper presents a new design for a mobile 2.45-GHz passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader, featuring a compact, broadband, and circularly polarized antenna. The antenna proposed consists of two stacked square patches separated by an air gap for a wide-band impedance bandwidth. The antenna is printed on a double-sided 1.6 mm FR4 substrate with an overall dimension of 65x11.27 mm(3). By introducing and optimizing a pair of symmetrical ring slots in both the square patches, a good Axial-Ratio Bandwidth (ARBW) and symmetrical broadside radiation patterns are achieved. The reader antenna shows a measured S-11 bandwidth (S-11<-10 dB) from (2.3-2.7 GHz) and ARBW (< 3 dB) from (2.39-2.48 GHz). The peak gain of the proposed antenna is 6.2 dBi and is obtained at the center frequency of 2.45 GHz. Measurements of the proposed antenna are discussed to obtain the read range and field of view, which confirms its suitability for RFID Reader Applications and other Internet of Things (IoT) based applications.

关键词： Elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP)   Internet of Things (IoT)   pseudo random number generator (PRNG)   radio frequency identification (RFID)  

摘要： Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) promotes the fundamental tracking procedure of the Internet of Things (IoT) network due to its autonomous data collection as well as transfer incurring low costs. To overcome the insecure exchange of tracking data and to prevent unauthorized access, parallel dependency RFID grouping-proof protocol is applied by the reader to authenticate tags simultaneously. However, conventional grouping-proof authentication schemes are not sufficient for the memory constraint RFID tags due to the recurrent utilization of a 128-bit PRNG (Pseudo Random Number Generator) function. Alternatively, the existing parallel-dependency grouping-proof schemes are not able to overcome numerous limitations regarding session establishment, efficient key management, and multicast message communication within the specified group. In this research, a lightweight, secure, and efficient communication protocol is proposed to overcome the aforementioned limitations using Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Zero-Knowledge property to establish a session key among the participated tags, reader, and remote server. The proposed scheme can work in offline mode. The proposed ECC-based parallel dependency grouping-proof scheme is referred to as ECC-PDGPP which abides by the rules of the EPC class-1 gen-2 (C1 G2) standard of RFID tags. Finally, the proposed protocol is analyzed using a formal random oracle model and simulated using a well-known AVISPA simulation tool that shows the proposed scheme is well protected against all potential security threats.