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关键词： BIM-RFID技术   建筑构件溯源体系   大体量钢结构建筑  

摘要： 近年来，基于BIM(Building Information Modeling，建筑信息模型)和RFID(Radio Frequency Identification，射频识别)技术的建筑构件溯源体系是施工单位最新引入的工程管理方法。建筑构件溯源体系将BIM技术和RFID技术进行有效结合，其应用有助于施工单位减少工程管理中的人为疏漏，提高工程管理效率。在大体量钢结构建筑项目中，基于BIM-RFID技术的建筑构件溯源体系可以为施工单位实时监测并记录建筑构件相关数据，有助于施工单位开展全流程统筹管理工作，提高建筑工程施工效率和质量。基于此，本文概述了相关理论研究，分析了BIM技术和RFID技术在建筑构件溯源体系中的应用情况，研究了基于BIM-RFID技术的大体量钢结构建筑构件溯源体系架构，旨在为施工单位开展大体量钢结构建筑工程管理工作提供一定参考。

关键词： 安全协议   形式化方法   事件逻辑理论   ECC-based RFID双向认证协议  

摘要： 射频识别技术(RFID)是物联网(Io T)的重要组成部分,提高RFID系统的安全性是亟需解决的问题。而保障通信系统的安全性与系统所使用的安全协议息息相关,如果安全协议的安全属性没有得到严格的证明,则增加了网络通信中的风险。形式化方法是分析与验证安全协议最强有力的手段之一。事件逻辑理论(Logic of Events Theory,Lo ET)作为一种分布式系统安全性描述的形式化方法,提供了对安全协议基本原语的形式化规范,并通过对协议的强认证性质进行证明,进而验证协议的安全属性。 本文通过对事件逻辑理论的创新性扩展,成功将其应用于基于ECC的RFID这一类协议的形式化分析与验证中,使扩展后的事件逻辑理论适用于带有复杂加密算法协议的安全性分析。本文的主要研究内容如下: 1.详细介绍事件逻辑基本理论,给出事件逻辑基本定义,包括基本建模理论,公理系统以及协议的形式化描述。引入扩充谓词Fresh和First Send以及相应的推理规则,增强其在协议分析中的实用性,特别是在处理消息的新鲜性和识别发送事件的首发性方面,有助于确保协议证明过程中事件类和基本序列的一致性,同时提高了事件排序的能力并降低了协议分析的复杂度。 2.将事件逻辑与其他形式化方法进行比较,分析事件逻辑对于其他方法的优势与不足。对事件逻辑理论进行扩展,提出三个新事件类Compute、Retrieve、Generate并给出相应的定义。根据新的事件类,扩展因果公理,定义新的因果关系。对其他相关公理及规则进行扩展,使得扩展后的事件逻辑理论能够分析带有复杂加密算法的协议。建立机密性系统,引入归纳机密规则,扩展Lo ET所能证明的安全属性范畴。 3.利用扩展后的事件逻辑理论,深入形式化分析一个ECC-based RFID双向认证协议。首先对ECC会话密钥的生成过程进行形式化抽象描述,定义协议进程和基本序列用于描述协议,对协议所需满足的强认证属性进行了严格的形式化定义,通过理论推导,证明协议在合理假设下满足双向强认证性质,表明扩展的事件逻辑理论可以证明ECC-based RFID这一类带有复杂加密算法协议的安全属性,扩展了事件逻辑理论的使用范围。

关键词： 移动实验室   实验室管理系统平台   在线监测   射频识别技术   PLC控制  

摘要： 基于应对重大公共卫生事件的需要，国家开发出了移动实验室以提供高效、安全的检测服务。目前，部分医院的移动实验室仍存在着设备、材料、仪器、环境及通信等管理模式单一的问题，无法真正实现移动实验室的各项作业与保障工作的高效运行、智慧化开展。基于此，本文先对移动实验室的管理需求进行分析，并依据移动实验室管理需求提出了一种基于移动互联技术的移动实验室管理系统平台的设计方法，随后对该系统平台的应用方法进行了分析。结果发现，该系统平台可显著提升移动实验室的管理效率、智慧化与智能化水平。

关键词： RFID deployment   identification technology   fast moving consumer good   fashion   GS1 Italy  

摘要： The research aims at assessing the level of interest towards and adoption of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology among a sample of manufacturers, retailers, logistic service providers, solution providers and vertically integrated fashion retailers belonging to the Fashion, Consumer Goods and Healthcare sectors in Italy. A survey was created in collaboration with GS1 Italy, a no-profit organization that develops standards for enhancing collaboration between companies, associations, institutions and consumers and enrols more than 40,000 companies. Overall, 58 useful responses were collected. Statistical analyses were carried out with the support of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows and MS Excel. Results show that RFID solutions are implemented by 31% of the interviewees and tested by 21% of them, mainly thanks to the favourable ROI and the possibility of gaining a competitive advantage over competitors through the automation of logistics processes, visibility of inventory and production progress, and avoided stock out. The RFID users often achieved results above expectations regarding the order picking errors reduction, the increase of operational efficiency and inventory accuracy. The few obstacles encountered are the read failures or the over-performing reading, but they are not perceived as relevant. Overall, most experimenters and non-users currently adopt barcode solutions, but showed their intention to implement RFID systems in the future, underlying a strong interest towards this identification technology.

关键词： Handheld reader   indoor area   inventory management   machine learning   RSSI   Handheld reader   indoor area   inventory management   machine learning   RSSI  

摘要： Achieving efficient warehouse operations for product management in an indoor environment has recently become a challenging issue. If a user can store a product in a vacant place and then roughly localize the product with a simple system, this localization system will enable efficient and flexible area usage in a warehouse. Complex radio wave propagation phenomena also make indoor localization more challenging. This paper introduces a radio frequency identification (RFID) system to localize products in indoor environments, including warehouses and cold storage. This approach uses distributed directional reference RFID tags in the areas as product location beacons, enabling received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements reflecting information on distances and directions for determining product coordinates. A user with a handheld reader stands in the close vicinity of the product. Then, the user reads the surrounding reference RFID tags for collecting the RSSI data. The use of machine learning (ML) addresses unstable user behaviors and unexpected acquired RSSI variations due to wireless propagation. Regression and classification algorithms in ML estimate product locations. The experimental demonstrations in actual indoor environments validate the proposed localization method. The experimental environments measure 24mx12m in a conference room and 9mx12m in a laboratory room. Experimental results show that this approach can provide localization accuracy of less than 2 meters, with wide application potential in inventory management and product tracking in various indoor environments, including factories, warehouses, and cold storage.

ISBN: (数字)9781685690007

摘要： Chipless RFID Printing Technologies provides a comprehensive overview of advanced Chipless RFID communication, sensors, reader antennas, radar cross section and necessity of RFID printing technologies. The book describes sensing materials needed for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) printing, focusing on the design of the passive printable resonators, and the signal processing approach used to eliminate the inaccuracy in detection at the receiver. It walks readers through the additive production approaches and suitable substrates for low-cost mass manufacturing of digital gadgets, consisting of RFID tags such as, wireless sensors, conductive tags and readers, touchpads for keyboards, nand show programs. Packed with numerous sensing strategies utilized in chipless RFID systems, the book introduces recent developments in the printing techniques of chipless RFID and their performances in conjunction with many one of a kind advanced features that are critical for low price chipless RFID device implementations. Broad coverage is given to printable tags for Biomedical and wearable applications, advanced RFID printing technologies, and full technical details about chipless RFID technology not found in other contemporary texts. The book presents a unique view of the challenges and future direction of research essential for researchers and research facilities to explore further research in chipless RFID. Readers will understand the core principles and classical applications of RFID technologies, making it an invaluable reference for engineers working on RF and microwave engineering. This is also a great resource for researchers currently working in the area, as well as graduate students looking to gain knowledge on Radio Frequency Identification.

关键词： Impedance   Sensors   Antenna measurements   Temperature measurement   Antennas   Temperature sensors   Moisture   Radio frequency identification (RFID)   radio frequency (RF) sensing   target properties sensing   multi-class support vector machine (SVM)  

摘要： Grain is a major source of food, while grain security has been considered as a strategic issue in many countries. Temperature and moisture as the two key properties affect the quality of stored grain. Most existing approaches for sensing these properties are expensive, time-consuming, and are difficult to deploy. In this paper, we design a TagSense system to sense the temperature and moisture level of stored wheat using commodity RFID devices, where tag's impedance is exploited as a feature for target sensing at a low cost. Since impedance is sensitive to the signal propagation distance and incidence angle, we propose a distance-independent algorithm and an angle-agnostic approach to mitigate the impact of distance and angles on the sensing performance. Our extensive experiment results demonstrate that TagSense can achieve a satisfactory sensing performance at any distance and any angle within the sensing range.

关键词： 射频识别   物联网技术   天线阵列   到达角估计   波束形成  

摘要： 天线阵列是现代无线通信系统中重要的组成部分。以相控阵为代表的天线阵列,在波束赋形的过程中常常需要集中化的控制单元进行天线阵列控制。在这种传统结构下,每个天线单元不具备独立响应与组网控制能力,限制了天线阵列集成化、智能化的演进。本文提出了一种基于通信协议网络化的阵列天线,每个天线单元都是一个具备通信、控制、能量管理功能的独立网络节点,对此阵列天线的基础理论、系统实现方法与其在射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)系统中的应用进行了系统地研究。 首先论文介绍了通信协议网络化阵列天线涉及的后向散射通信、迪克森电荷泵、网络化通信协议等理论基础。在此基础上,设计了基于电子产品编码-射频识别(Electronic Product Code-RFID,EPC-RFID)通信协议网络化阵列天线的整体架构。每个天线单元包含基于EPC-RFID协议的片上系统、可调射频模块和微带天线。在此天线架构中,终端收发机能够根据节点地址网络化寻址、调控每个天线单元。 论文对基于EPC-RFID通信协议网络化架构的阵列天线系统设计与实现方法进行了详细阐述。包括对基于EPC-RFID协议的片上系统进行了架构及性能分析和测试,并对迪克森电荷泵模块进行了射频电路设计及仿真,分析其射频能量收集效率;对阵列天线中的射频功分网络进行了设计与仿真及测试,完成了整体的链路功率预算;分析、测试了微带天线的S参数、方向图、轴比等指标,并进行了微带天线阵列的波束赋形仿真和基于EPC-RFID协议的网络化阵列天线系统的通信协议与射频控制实验。 最后,利用上述阵列天线系统进行了室内目标信号和物体感知实验。首先对片上系统的接收信号强度和读取速率进行评估,利用阵列天线对EPC-RFID标签后向散射信号的信号强度和相位差参数进行测量。不同类型的标签在该天线阵列之下保持有-70d Bm以上的信号强度和低于0.2 rad的相位差变化值。利用阵列天线进行RFID标签的后向散射信号的到达角估计,到达角估计误差整体维持在10°以内。结合K空间电磁成像算法,利用阵列天线实现了目标小球的高精度二维轮廓成像和定位。本论文所研究的天线阵列使得每个天线单元能够根据其身份标识进行网络化控制,并且相比传统天线阵列不再需要额外的控制网络和供能网络,相信它在未来物联网系统中有诸多潜在应用。

关键词： RFID技术   分段压裂技术   滑套   识别率   实验平台  

摘要： 近年来,随着全球经济增长,国内外对石油燃料的需求不断增加。为了提高油气产量,石油行业正在寻找有效的增产技术,其中分段压裂技术因其显著的增产效果而受到重视。传统的多级投球滑套压裂技术通过逐层投入钢球来打开滑套,但钢球直径投放的顺序限制了压裂级数和施工灵活性。射频识别(RFID)技术提供了一种解决方案,理论上支持全通径、无限级数的压裂作业。但是,井下RFID技术在标签识别率和系统模块分析方面仍面临挑战。为此,本文基于国内外井下RFID系统应用研究现状,开展无线射频滑套系统模拟与实验研究。主要完成的工作如下: (1)通过对当前RFID技术在井下工具控制方面进行分析调研,发现在无线射频滑套系统的开发应用中缺乏系统的分析研究,并提出无线射频滑套系统的电磁环境是影响标签识别率的关键,确定了本课题的研究重点。 (2)分析了井下RFID系统在低频段的磁场特性,确定了标签结构、流体内介质环境和标签与读写器天线距离是影响系统进行正常通信的主要因素。使用Maxwell仿真软件建立井下RFID系统有限元分析模型,对相关因素进行仿真分析,探究不同影响因素对系统信号识别的影响规律。 (3)本文创新流体内射频识别室内模拟实验平台,设计了无线射频滑套模拟实验台,并详细给出了实验台的整体设计方案。此外,通过对系统中标签运动状态的分析,建立了整个实验平台的初始状态模型,为在室内开展无线射频滑套模拟实验奠定了理论基础。 (4)搭建了室内模拟实验平台,确定了无线射频滑套系统模拟实验的整体实施方案。搭建的实验台可以在清水、胍尔胶压裂液等介质条件下开展相关模拟实验,也可用于验证模拟仿真结果的正确性,使标签结构、线圈绕制形式、方位角、螺线管天线长度管柱内介质环境、标签投放位置和磁场条件等参数优化取得重要进展。通过对仿真结果与模拟实验结果进行对比分析,发现两者在多个关键因素上具有较高一致性,验证了仿真模型的有效性。此外,本课题得到了可靠的参数分析方法,还形成了系统的分析参数,这些对于井下无线射频系统的开发应用具有一定的指导作用。