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关键词： 铝型材   表面缺陷检测   YOLOv5   注意力机制   特征融合  

摘要： 针对提升铝型材表面缺陷检测精度时会导致模型的复杂度、检测速度与精度难以平衡的问题，提出了一种基于改进YOLOv5的检测模型CSE-YOLO。首先结合CCFF与BiFPN建立了新的网络结构CCFBiFPN，加强多尺度特征的融合，降低模型复杂度；其次在特征融合模块引入混合GSConv的SDI模块，提高模型特征提取能力；最后在模型主干网络中增加ECA注意力机制，提高模型的精确度与性能。实验表明，改进模型相较于传统YOLOv5s模型在mAP@0.5和mAP@0.5:0.9指标上分别提升了5%和1.3%，同时模型的参数量与浮点运算次数分别降低了4.3%与4.4%，且每秒检测的帧数从140提升到了143。有效的平衡了模型的性能与复杂性，具有良好的工程应用价值。

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions  

摘要： Due to the frequency-dependent characteristics of viscoelastic damping mechanical systems, solving their eigenvalues is highly challenging, especially for large-scale mechanical systems characterized by multiple damping models. A mechanical system with multiple damping models was taken as the research object, and an eigenvalue dimension reduction method based on physical subspace was proposed to achieve highly precise and efficient prediction of modal frequencies and vibration shapes. Firstly, multiple damping models were transformed into a unified rational fraction form, constructing a general damping system with a consistent and concise form. Next, utilizing the unified form, a physical space with the same dimension as the system was constructed, enabling the recursive generation of the physical subspace. By combining the state space with the Krylov subspace to derive the physical subspace, a dimension reduction method for eigenvalue solving based on the physical subspace was proposed, effectively addressing the issue of dimensionality explosion in traditional state-space representations for systems with multiple damping models. The theoretical and numerical analyses demonstrate that the proposed method offers superior efficiency and accuracy compared to conventional state -space -based dimension reduction approaches. © 2025 Chinese Vibration Engineering Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： 数字经济   制造企业   智能化转型   财务管理  

摘要： 随着大数据、人工智能、云计算等信息技术的蓬勃发展,数字经济成为推动全球经济变革和企业转型升级的核心力量,制造企业传统的财务管理模式已经无法满足日益增长的管理需要,因此亟须借助数字技术实现从自动化到智能化的深度转型。本文论述了数字经济时代制造企业财务管理转型的必要性及存在的主要问题,提出了切实可行的转型策略。

关键词： “链长制”政策   制造业绿色化转型   政府补助  

摘要： 我国经济进入高质量发展阶段对我国制造业绿色转型提出了新要求。作为中国式现代化产业体系建设的创新举措，“链长制”政策通过优化产业链协同、提升资源利用效率，为制造业绿色转型提供了制度支撑，实现了经济发展与生态保护的良性互动。论文基于多期双重差分法，研究了“链长制”政策对制造业绿色转型的影响。研究发现，“链长制”政策对制造业绿色转型有明显的促进作用。研究结论在一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。论文进一步探讨了“链长制”政策影响制造业绿色转型的作用机制，发现“链长制”政策可以通过政府补助影响制造业绿色转型。异质性研究发现，上述促进效应在不同区域和不同污染程度的企业之间存在异质性。具体而言，“链长制”对中西部地区和非重污染企业有更显著的影响。研究结论为“链长制”政策助推微观制造业绿色转型提供重要的经验证据，为政府完善“链长制”政策提供了理论参考。

关键词： Subways  

摘要： Trapezoidal bolt connections serve as the primary joining method for equipment compartment skirts, base plates, and other components in high-speed railway trainsets. However, during service, these bolts are subjected to prolonged exposure to severe vibration loads and alternating high and low temperature environments, leading to easy loosening and potential fatigue fractures. This poses risks and challenges to the reliable operation of HSR trains. To address this issue, an accurate finite element model of trapezoidal bolt connections was established to simulate lateral, longitudinal, bending, and torsional vibrations, as well as alternating temperature loads. By the model, the loosening behavior of trapezoidal bolts was analysed under the individual and combined effects of these vibrations and alternating temperature loads. Furthermore, the influences of initial preload, friction coefficient, and material of the clamped components on bolt loosening under lateral vibration conditions were systematically investigated. The research findings indicate that the lateral vibration is the primary load form causing trapezoidal bolt loosening, the bending vibration can only lead to bolt loosening in specific circumstances, while the longitudinal vibration, torsional vibration, and alternating temperature loads hardly cause loosening. Furthermore, the effects of vibration and alternating temperature loads are independent of each other. Moreover, the effects of vibration and alternating temperature loads are independent of each other. Compared to ordinary thread and pipe thread structures, trapezoidal bolt connections exhibit slightly inferior locking performance but demonstrate a 30% reduction in stress concentration under the same conditions, which will significantly enhance the load-bearing capacity and fatigue resistance of trapezoidal bolt connections. © 2025 Chinese Vibration Engineering Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： 大数据   高校档案   知识服务平台   数据治理   智能检索  

摘要： 在大数据时代背景下,高校档案管理面临数据整合不足、服务模式单一、技术应用滞后等挑战。本文提出构建高校档案知识服务平台,明确其总体目标为实现档案知识的高效管理、智能检索与精准服务,功能定位涵盖档案数据采集与存储、知识挖掘与分析、多元服务供给。平台核心架构包括基础设施层、数据资源层、技术支撑层与应用服务层,功能模块涉及档案管理、知识服务与用户管理。实施路径分为需求调研与方案设计、技术开发与测试、试点运行与优化完善、全面推广与应用四个阶段,并从组织、技术、制度、人才等方面建立保障机制,旨在提升档案管理效率与知识服务精准度,推动高校信息化建设与档案价值深度挖掘。

关键词： 大数据时代   企业财务管理   “智慧升级”   数据安全   复合型人才  

摘要： 在信息技术蓬勃发展的当下,大数据时代已全面来临,深刻影响企业的财务管理。本文深入剖析大数据时代对企业财务管理在数据处理能力、财务管理模式、决策支持等方面的积极影响,同时指出企业在财务管理理念、数据安全、人才储备、信息化建设等方面面临的挑战,并提出“智慧升级”策略。

关键词： 制造业   智慧专业化水平   熵权TOPSIS   Dagum基尼系数   Kernel密度估计  

摘要： 文章在界定制造业智慧专业化内涵的基础上,构建了制造业智慧专业化水平评价指标体系，并采用熵权TOPSIS法、Dagum基尼系数及其分解法、Kernel密度估计测度并考察了中国制造业智慧专业化水平及其空间非均衡性与趋势演进。研究结果表明：（1）中国各省份制造业智慧专业化水平提升缓慢，区域制造业智慧专业化水平呈现由东部地区向西部地区降低的阶梯分布格局，各省份制造业智慧专业化水平和发展速度存在较大差距。（2）中国制造业智慧专业化水平总体基尼系数呈现下降趋势，主要表现为四大地区制造业智慧专业化水平非均衡性有所缓解，区域间差异是四大地区制造业智慧专业化水平差异的主要来源，但差异贡献呈下降趋势。（3）除东北地区外，其他地区制造业智慧专业化水平绝对差异均呈现缩小趋势，全国整体及东部和中部地区制造业智慧专业化水平未呈现极化现象，西部地区制造业智慧专业化水平在个别年份上呈现双极化现象，而东北地区制造业智慧专业化水平多极分化趋势明显。