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关键词： 三本院校   宏观经济学   案例教学法  

摘要： 相对于一本、二本院校学生,三本院校学生普遍存在基础较差的情况,采用传统的讲授方法无法很好地帮助学生理解、掌握宏观经济理论,学习难度较大。案例教学法在一定程度上能够降低学习难度,帮助学生更好地运用有关理论知识,提高学习积极性。但是,案例教学法在实际运用中仍然存在案例质量不高、方法本身不受重视等问题,因此,本文认为应从提高案例质量、提高案例教学法的重视程度等方面入手,充分展现案例教学法的魅力,达到提高三本院校宏观经济学课程教学效果的目的。

关键词： 宏观经济学   大经济学   创新   经济   中华人民共和国   学术研讨会   生态优化  

摘要： 当前,全国上下正在全力推进"大众创业、万众创新"工作,若干相关政策措施正在全面展开。"大众创业、万众创新"作为一项综合改革工程,目的是激发民众的创业创新活力,打造中国经济增长的新引擎。持续有力地推进这项重大工作,需要做出系统的制度设计,培育与优化创业创新生态系统,形成富有活力的创业创新格局。为了在理

摘要： This dissertation consists of three independent chapters on econometric methods for macroeconomic analysis. In the first chapter, I propose to estimate structural impulse response functions from macroeconomic time series by doing Bayesian inference on the Structural Vector Moving Average representation of the data. This approach has two advantages over Structural Vector Autoregression analysis: It imposes prior information directly on the impulse responses in a flexible and transparent manner, and it can handle noninvertible impulse response functions. The second chapter, which is coauthored with B. J. Bates, J. H. Stock, and M. W. Watson, considers the estimation of dynamic factor models when there is temporal instability in the factor loadings. We show that the principal components estimator is robust to empirically large amounts of instability. The robustness carries over to regressions based on estimated factors, but not to estimation of the number of factors. In the third chapter, I develop shrinkage methods for smoothing an estimated impulse response function. I propose a data-dependent criterion for selecting the degree of smoothing to optimally trade off bias and variance, and I devise novel shrinkage confidence sets with valid frequentist coverage.

关键词： 勤劳   致富   微观经济学   宏观经济学  

摘要： 对于"勤劳致富"这个观点提出自己的看法,认为"光靠勤劳并不能致富",并从微观经济学和宏观经济学两个方面论述了如何致富。

摘要： This dissertation investigates the dynamic impacts of governmental policy interventions on the economy. In chapter 1, we present an overlapping-generations model with endogenous retirement to study the effects of PAYG pensions on the capital-labor ratio and welfare in a dynamically efficient economy. In such an environment, we show that it is possible for the PAYG pension system to be neutral. It may even be desirable in a long-run welfare sense. These results are in sharp contrast with existing, well-known results. In chapter 2, we describe a business as usual (BAU) overlapping-generations economy in which pollution is the fallout of productive activity. Over time, conditions in the BAU economy get worse: it gets increasingly polluted, consumption falls and generational welfare levels decline. A government introduces costly pollution abatement in the BAU world and finances it via labor taxes and borrowing on perfect international markets. Pollution levels start to decline and this generates downstream welfare gains which the government can tax away to help pay off the debt, that too, in finite time. A new world emerges; it has lower pollution and higher consumption than in the BAU. More importantly, every generation is happier than they would be had life continued in the BAU world. In chapter 3, using monthly data from Jan 1996 to Dec 2014, we analyze and compare the long-run equilibrium relationship and short-run dynamics in a system of Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index, industrial production growth rate, international crude oil price, real exchange rates growth rate and real interest rate before and after the exchange rate regime shift in July 2005 in China.

关键词： 改进   高职   宏观经济学   教学  

摘要： 文章阐述了高职宏观经济学教学应选取的内容，指出了目前高职宏观经济学教学中存在的问题，并提出了改进高职宏观经济学教学的对策建议。

关键词： 货币创造   货币循环   货币毁灭  

摘要： 意大利货币循环学派是20世纪中后期在欧洲大陆兴起的经济学流派，该学派强调群体分析，并把银行置于宏观经济的中心，阐述了货币从创造到循环，再到毁灭的全过程。在此过程中，货币市场、劳动力市场、商品市场和金融市场上的活动构成货币循环的不同阶段，产出水平及其分配以及与之相联系的工资、利息率、就业等重要变量取决于货币权力不对称的经济主体之间的博弈。上述经济主体和市场通过货币的按序流动整合在一起，共同构成集信用、货币、生产、就业、分配为一体的完整理论图景，为我们认识和分析宏观经济的运行提供了一个“外部一致”的替代方案。

关键词： 宏观经济   案例库   构建  

摘要： 《宏观经济学》是经济管理相关专业的重要专业基础课。通过《宏观经济学》的学习,让学生了解宏观经济的基本框架和分析逻辑,并可以用宏观经济理论分析现实中的经济现象和政策。尽管目前的教材曼昆版宏观经济学已经有较多的案例补充,但这些案例都是基于美国的经济数据。本文建立一套有关中国的经济增长、通货膨胀、失业、贸易和汇率问题、短期经济波动、宏观经济政策、国民核算体系的案例库,用于曼昆宏观经济学的教材配套。通过基于中国宏观经济的案例库,即可以帮助学生更好地学习宏观经济学理论,也帮助学生更好理解中国的宏观经济运行。

摘要： This dissertation consists of three chapters. Chapter 1, "Precision of Communication in Coordination Games of Regime Change,'' is in the field of macroeconomics and economics of information. I study a model of regime change in which the government can communicate with different levels of precision as a function of the underlying fundamentals. In the model, higher precision of communication corresponds to a lower dispersion of private information among market participants. I compare a policy of an uncommitted government, which chooses the precision of communication after it learns the realization of fundamentals, to a policy of a committed government, which commits to a state-dependent policy before it learns the realization of fundamentals. I find that an uncommitted government communicates imprecisely for weak fundamentals and precisely for strong fundamentals. In contrast, a committed government communicates precisely for weak fundamentals and imprecisely for strong fundamentals. Consequently, a committed government saves its regime more often than an uncommitted one. An uncommitted government can benefit from a rule that enforces constant precision of communication. Chapter 2, "Multiple Equilibria in Global Games with Varying Quality of Information,'' is a follow up chapter on Chapter 1. I show that global game models can have multiple equilibria if the quality of information available to agents varies with the state of economic fundamentals. First, I construct two examples that illustrate why the quality of information may vary and show that the corresponding information structures support several equilibria. Second, I construct an information structure that supports a given number of equilibria. Very different equilibria can exist simultaneously, even if agents' quality of information is arbitrarily high. The set of possible equilibria can be very similar to the set of equilibria under complete information, even when agents are uncertain about the state of fund

关键词： 宏观经济学   教学改革   案例式教学  

摘要： 结合地方院校的生源特点,立足地方院校培养应用型创新人才的目标,目前宏观经济学的教学过程中还存在理论与实践脱节、教师难讲学生难懂、教学效果不佳等问题。针对地方院校在实践教学过程中遇到的困境,本文从课程设置、教学方法和考核方式等方面提出了相应的对策,这对提升宏观经济学教学效果具有一定的现实意义。