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关键词： 货币理论   商品本质观   信用本质观   宏观经济学   历史与逻辑  

摘要： 国际金融危机引发了主流宏观经济分析范式的危机，经济学界反思的结果表明主流范式对金融因素的忽视是问题的症结，甚至要从根本上重思货币的本质以重建宏观经济学。主流货币理论持货币商品本质观，运用一般均衡框架进行实物分析实质上消除了货币的存在空间。货币商品本质观以货币的逻辑起源替代历史起源，以成为标准化理论为目标使其距离经济现实越来越遥远。人类学研究表明，货币信用很可能起源于以礼物和借贷为形式的“债务—偿还”过程，货币的信用本质观更加符合历史发展的实际情况。货币信用本质观将货币看作基于债权和债务的契约或索取权，是信用金字塔顶端既作为价值尺度又充当最终结算手段的信用关系，更适合以主权信用为基础的现代货币体系。以此为基础将历史方法和逻辑方法相统一才能形成一个货币经济的内生分析框架，为重建宏观经济学打好基础。

关键词： 领导者性格   哈佛商学院   蓝海战略   记住你是谁   美第奇效应   自有品牌   宏观经济学   品牌制造商  

摘要： 春节,久违的假期。这也让我们有时间思考:能否在生活中的自己和工作的自己之间做一个细微的区分呢?哈佛大学教授特德洛《你就是你——区别生活和工作中的你》(该文被收入《记住你是谁》一书)给我们启发。哈佛大学可算是全美所有大学中的一顶王冠,而王冠上那夺人眼目的宝珠,就是哈佛商学院。哈佛商学院有个优良传统——每位教授在课程结束前的最后一堂课都要讲述自己的人生故事,作为送给学生们的特别

摘要： In this dissertation, I build macroeconomic models to answer questions of empirical relevance for the study of labor markets. The dissertation consists of an introductory overview and three research essays. The first essay is devoted to duration dependence in unemployment, namely the fact that recently unemployed workers have a signicantly better chance of finding a job than the long-term unemployed. I build a directed search model to quantify the importance of three common explanations for this fact: (i) unobserved worker differences, (ii) skill loss, and (iii) job-search effort decline. Two novel results emerge: first, the bulk of the effect of unobserved heterogeneity is concentrated in the first six months of the unemployment spell; the drop in job-finding rates observed at longer spells is mostly a result of skill loss and lower search effort. Second, skill loss has a vastly greater impact on job-finding than the decline in search effort. These results have two clear implications for labor market policy: (i) the impact of active labor market programs is expected to be larger for the long-term unemployed; (ii) job-training programs are expected to be more effective than job-search assistance policies at reducing long-term unemployment. In the second essay I study how information obtained by a worker while trying to find a job affects her job-search effort. Specically, I analyze how a worker, who is uncertain about her labor market traits and learns about them while looking for a job, allocates her search effort over the unemployment spell. The main result is that search effort is increasing over time when the worker is optimistic about her traits but decreasing when the worker is pessimistic about her traits. This result can explain discrepant empirical findings from previous literature on search effort. The final essay is devoted to job-search effort as an insurance channel. I build a model in which workers face substantial risk in the labor market but they hav

摘要： This dissertation consists of three essays which explore the impact of simultaneous innovation on growth, macroeconomic fluctuations, and welfare, as well as their implications for the patent system. Chapter one provides an overview. Chapter two analyses the impact of the coordination frictions implicit in the presence of simultaneous innovation on growth and welfare. The coordination failure generates a mass of foregone innovation and reduces the economy-wide research intensity. Both effects decrease the growth rate. Because of this, the frictions also amplify the fraction of wasteful simultaneous innovation. A calibration suggests the impact of coordination frictions on the growth rate and welfare is substantial. Chapter three studies the impact of simultaneous innovation on macroeconomic fluctuations in a stochastic expanding-variety endogenous growth model. Research projects innovated by many firms simultaneously are of higher quality, on average, and contribute relatively more to the expansion of the knowledge stock in the economy. This delivers an endogenous mechanism that amplifies the volatility of R&D investment by a factor of two. Furthermore, due to this endogenous mechanism, the model produces mildly pro-cyclical R&D — a well-documented feature of the data. Whereas the existing literature has proposed several mechanisms that explain the positive correlation between investment in R&D and output, the moderate strength of the relationship has remained under-explored. The conventional viewpoint on the patent system is that it allocates market power in order to stimulate disclosure of information and create incentives for firms to innovate. Chapter four develops a dynamic equilibrium search model to show that, in sharp contrast to this traditional view, the patent system can erode, rather than allocate market power. This result is obtained, regardless of whether or not it provides prior user rights, by incentivizing firms to patent and, at the same time, deli

ISBN: (纸本)9787504748980

ISBN: (纸本)9787300260631

关键词： 宏观经济学   博物馆  

摘要： ~~

关键词： 宏观经济学   高等学校   教材  

ISBN: (数字)9787030561800 ISBN: (纸本)9787030561800

摘要： 本书是为了适应对21世纪经济管理类应用型人才的社会发展需求而编写的。全书共分12章，系统全面地介绍了现代宏观经济学的基本概念、基本原理、基本知识，吸收了国内外主流宏观经济学教材的优点，及时跟踪当代宏观经济学研究的最新进展。本书体系完整、论述清晰易懂、知识点新?

关键词： 探究式教学   宏观经济学   案例教学   研究性学习  

摘要： 作为一门学科基础课,宏观经济学在经济学各专业的培养过程中具有重要地位。当前国内的宏观经济学教学普遍存在着重理论讲授轻学生参与、教学内容与现实生活脱节以及缺少新颖的案例教学素材等问题。为了提高学生的学习效果,山东工商学院宏观经济学教学团队将探究式教学方法引入宏观经济学教学当中,并从以下五个方面进行教学改革探索:第一,修订教学大纲,优化教学内容;第二,凝炼经典案例,加强案例教学;第三,设计研究任务,引导学生探究;第四,推荐学习资源,指导学生研究;第五,建立讨论群组,方便师生交流。通过改革,山东工商学院调动了学生的学习积极性,提高了学生分析问题、解决问题的能力,提升了学生的经济学素养。

关键词： Misallocation   Returns to Scale   Productivity   Globalization   Income Inequality   Collective Reputation   Thesis  

摘要： The three essays in this dissertation examine how differences across firms shape macroeconomic outcomes. These essays combine models of heterogeneous firms with detailed micro data to answer long-running questions about the U.S. economy: how well are resources allocated across firms? Does globalization drive income inequality? How large are the economic spillovers of firm reputation? Each essay highlights a different aspect of firm or industry heterogeneity that meaningfully changes the answer to the question at hand. Chapter 1, from a work with Sui-Jade Ho, quantifies misallocation in the U.S. manufacturing sector using a structural model and restricted microdata from the U.S. Census. The estimated misallocation---the distance between aggregate productivity and a frontier where marginal products are equalized---declined 13 percent between 1982 and 2007. Key features of the model and estimation are markups and returns to scale that vary across industries and time. Strikingly, imposing a common markup and constant returns to scale, as is commonly done in the literature, implies that misallocation increased 29 percent over the same period. The essay rationalizes these discrepancies and shows that they arise from overlooking variation in markups and returns to scale. Chapter 2, from a work with Lin Ma, provides causal evidence that access to global markets leads to a higher executive-to worker pay ratio within the firm. Specifically, the essay uses China's 2001 accession to the World Trade Organization as a trade shock to show that firms that exported to China prior to 2001 subsequently exported more, grew larger, and grew more unequal in terms of executive-to-worker pay. Counterfactual exercises in the accompanying structural model suggest that trade and FDI liberalizations can explain around 52 percent of the surge in top 0.1 percent income shares in the U.S. data between 1988 and 2008. Chapter 3, joint with Ruediger Bachmann and Gabriel Ehrlich, uses the 2015 Volksw