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ISBN: (纸本)9787300185248

关键词： 精英班   微观经济学   教学改革  

摘要： 微观经济学从真正建立到现在有二百多年的历史了,内容多,涉及范围广,要在有限的时间内使学生掌握课程主要内容已成为教学的难题。针对高校精英班如何更有效地掌握这门课程进行探讨并提出相应措施。

关键词： Drug controlMarijuana--Therapeutic useMicroeconomicsProtestant work ethicWork environmentArmeniaAzerbaijanRussia  

摘要： Eighteen states and the District of Columbia have passed laws that allow individuals to use marijuana for medical purposes. There is an ongoing heated policy debate over whether these laws have increased marijuana use among non-patients. In Chapter 1, I address that question empirically by studying marijuana possession arrests in cities from 1988 to 2008. I estimate fixed effects models with city-specific time trends that can condition on unobserved heterogeneities across cities in both their levels and trends. I find that these laws increase marijuana arrests among adult males by about 15-20%. These results are further validated by findings from data on treatment admissions to rehabilitation facilities: marijuana treatments increased by 10-15% after the passage of medical marijuana laws. Medical marijuana laws generate significant policy debates regarding drug policy. In particular, if marijuana is a complement or a gateway drug to hard drugs, these laws would increase not only the usage of marijuana but hard drugs such as cocaine and heroin. In Chapter 2, I empirically study the relationships between marijuana and cocaine or heroin by analyzing data on drug possession arrests and treatment admissions. I find that medical marijuana laws increase marijuana usage by 10-20%. However, there is no evidence that cocaine and heroin usage increases after the passage of medical marijuana laws. In fact, the estimates on cocaine and heroin arrests or treatments are uniformly negative. From the arrest data, the estimates indicate a 0-20% decrease in possession arrests for cocaine and heroin combined. From the treatment data, the estimates show a 20% decrease in heroin treatments but no significant effect on cocaine treatments. These results suggest that marijuana could be a substitute for heroin. Are work values a cause (Weber) or consequence (Marx) of the economic environment? The collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991 provides a unique opportunity to investigate thi

摘要： This dissertation reflects two recent developments in the study of economics. The first concerns real world events. Beginning in 2007, the countries of Western Europe and the United States experienced a series of financial shocks and an economic downturn unprecedented in their experience since the Great Depression seventy years before. Dramatic changes in the economy raise new questions or renew old lines of inquiry. During the recession, many countries turned to discretionary fiscal stimulus packages. The size of these packages and the severity of the downturns make understanding their effectiveness of critical importance. The first chapter in this dissertation analyzes empirically the effects on employment of one particular component of the fiscal policy response in the United States. The Great Recession also renewed interest in the importance of credit to firms. The second chapter in this dissertation attempts to answer whether the withdrawal of credit following the bankruptcy filing of Lehman Brothers played a role in propagating the Great Recession. The second development consists of the application of unit-level datasets and applied microeconomic methods to answer questions of macroeconomic importance. This research program recognizes that cross-sectional variation across individual units often exceeds the time-series variation of an aggregate. Moreover, cross-sectional studies can hold constant many macroeconomic variables that might otherwise confound the identification of a causal effect. The studies of fiscal policy and firm credit in chapters 1 and 2 apply microeconomic methods. A full answer to these questions, however, requires a correspondence between the cross-sectional analysis and the general equilibrium outcomes. In general equilibrium, spending in one geographic area may affect employment in another. Likewise, a firm not directly affected by the withdrawal of bank credit may still change its employment in response to the adjustments of other firms

摘要： This dissertation consists of three essays in labor economics and political economy. Chapter 1 studies the relative decrease of college graduate women’s marriage rates in developed Asian countries—the “Gold Miss” phenomenon. Using a dynamic model, I show that this phenomenon can be explained by the interaction of rapid economic growth combined with the intergenerational transmission of gender attitudes. I test the implications of the model using three datasets: Japanese General Social Survey, American Time Use Survey, and the Census. First, in the Japanese data, I find a positive relationship between a mother’s education (and employment) and her son’s gender attitudes. Second, in the U.S., housework time of Asian women is inversely related to the female labor force participation rate in husband’s country of origin. Lastly, college graduate Korean and Japanese women in the U.S. have greater options in the marriage market. Chapter 2 (with Johanna Mollerstrom) uses a citizen candidate model to investigate the role of gradualism and election when agents have present-biased preferences. We find that gradual reforms, despite its inefficiencies, may actually be welfare-enhancing relative to big bang, because time-inconsistent voters would otherwise delay implementing policies with front-loaded costs. In order to commit to gradualism (and avoid procrastination), sophisticated agents elect an agenda setter more patient than the median voter. The results suggest the potential virtues of gradual reforms under time-inconsistency, and shows how election may serve as a commitment device. Chapter 3 empirically examines how the burden of the second shift—housework—is influenced by the individual’s and spouse’s cultural background. Using the American Time Use Survey, I analyze the time spent on household chores among married men and women, by their country of origin and generation since migrating to the U.S. I find differential effects by sex and generation. First generation’s house

关键词： 马歇尔   微观经济学   继承   发展  

摘要： 马歇尔的《经济学原理》自1890年出版到二十世纪三十年代在经济学领域中一直占着支配地位,此后这种支配地位虽然让位于凯恩斯主义,但它对现代经济学仍然有着很大的影响,是现代微观经济学的基础。本文将马歇尔的微观经济学理论与现行的微观经济学教材中的经济学理论进行了比较研究,以此探讨马歇尔的经济理论在微观经济学史中的地位与作用。

ISBN: (纸本)9787300169309

摘要： In the first essay, titled "The Effects of Maternity Leave on Children's Birth and Infant Health Outcomes in the United States", I provide the first quasi-experimental analysis of the effects of the unpaid maternity leave provisions of the 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) on children's birth and infant health outcomes in the United States. My identification strategy uses variation in pre-FMLA maternity leave policies across states and variation in which firms are covered by FMLA provisions. Using Vital Statistics data and difference-in-difference-in-difference methodology, I find that maternity leave led to small increases in birth weight, decreases in the likelihood of a premature birth, and substantial decreases in infant mortality for children of college-educated and married mothers. The fact that I only find positive impacts on the health of children of college-educated and married women, while children of less-advantaged women experience no health benefits, suggests that unpaid parental leave policies may exacerbate disparities in child health as they only benefit the parents who can afford to use them. In the second essay, "Engaging Absent Fathers: Lessons from Paternity Establishment Programs," I examine behavior among parents who have children out-of-wedlock. Single-mother households are disproportionately disadvantaged, and children raised in two-parent households fare better along numerous measures of well-being. These facts motivate the implementation of policies that encourage father involvement among unmarried parents. I conduct the first comprehensive causal analysis of one of the largest U.S. policies that aims to engage unmarried fathers with their families, In-Hospital Voluntary Paternity Establishment (IHVPE), and place my findings in the context of a conceptual framework rooted in family economics theory (Edlund, 2011; Browning, Chiappori, and Weiss, forthcoming). The program significantly reduces the costs of formal paternity estabishment

关键词： 微观经济学   案例教学   教学模式  

摘要： 微观经济学课程理论性强、模型艰深,给独立学院管理专业的教师授课带来了一定的难度而案例教学法是行之有效的方法之一。本文结合笔者自身的教学实践从案例的选取,图形的讲解以及案例教学的实施过程三个方面来探讨独立学院微观经济学的案例教学问题。

摘要： This dissertation focuses on applied microeconomics and corporate strategy. Chapter 1 represents one of the first studies of indicative bidding, a commonly used procedure in the sales of complicated assets with substantial values. A parsimonious model captures the essence of the indicative bidding: first, there is a screen stage in which the bidders are asked to submit nonbinding preliminary indications of interest; second, only a subset of the potential bidders is select by the auctioneer; third, each entrant bidder must incur a substantial cost in order to bid; and finally, value updating and competitive information effects can be quite substantial during the second stage. I show that a symmetric increasing equilibrium exists for indicative bidding, thus it is guaranteed that the most qualified bidders. Given the widespread practice of indicative bidding and the substantial value transaction involved, this theoretical justification is quite stimulating. In Chapter 2, motivated by the strong evidence of entry behavior in corporate takeover practice, I model a two-stage auction procedure with endogenous entry, value updating, entry cost, and uncertain number of actual bidders. I show that within a more realistic (common) value updating paradigm, as the number of potential bidders increases, the optimal bidding strategy is not monotonic; and the seller's expected revenue and the expected total welfare is not monotonic. The results lay out a general structural framework to test empirically the optimality of auction mechanism design. Since a number of high-profile corporate collapses and scandals have induced new governance regulations by the U.S. Congress and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, In Chapter 3, I examine the public firms' performance before and after the imposing of the new regulations. In a difference-in-differences panel regression model, I take into account firm-level characteristics, industrial business cycle and sample attrition. I find tha