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关键词： Indirect calorimetry   Energy   Calories   Protein   Intensive care   Enteral parenteral nutrition  

摘要： Since the first TICACOS study, 3 additional studies have been published comparing a medical nutrition therapy guided by indirect calorimetry to a regimen prescribed on the basis of predictive equations. A recent guidelines document included a meta-analysis including these 4 papers and found a trend for improvement (OR 0.98-1.48) in favor of medical nutrition therapy guided by indirect calorimetry in terms of survival. The aim of our study was to perform a multicenter prospective, randomized, controlled non blinded study in critically patients to assess the added value for measuring daily resting energy expenditure as a guide for nutritional support. The primary objective was to decrease infectious rate of these critically ill patients. Material and methods: This phase III, multi-center, randomized, controlled non blinded study was planned to include 580 newly-admitted, adult ventilated ICU patients that were planned to stay more than 48 h in the ICU departments. The nutritional support was aimed to meet 80-100% of energy requirement measured by indirect calorimetry. The calorie needs were determined by IC in the Study group and by an equation (20-25 kcal/kg ideal body weight/day) in the Control Group. The ICU staff was trained to strive to supply 80-100% of a patient's energy requirements through artificial nutrition, preferably enteral feeding. Primary endpoint was infection rate and secondary endpoints included other morbidities and mortality during ICU, at 90 and 180 days. Comparison between the study and the control group was performed using T test for equality of means (independent samples test). Correlations were performed using the Pearson correlation test. A p level of 0.05 or below was considered as significant. Cross tabs procedure used Chi-square test for testing differences in complication rates, length of stay and length of ventilation. Correlations between energy balances and complications was also be tested using one way analysis as well as ANOVA anal

关键词： Reinforcement learning  

摘要： This work proposes a novel portfolio management method using deep reinforcement learning on markets with a dynamic number of assets. This problem is especially important in cryptocurrency markets, which already support the trading of hundreds of assets with new ones being added every month. A novel neural network architecture is proposed, which is trained using deep reinforcement learning. Our architecture considers all assets in the market, and automatically adapts when new ones are suddenly introduced, making our method more general and sample-efficient than previous methods. Further, transaction cost minimization is considered when formulating the problem. For this purpose, a novel algorithm to compute optimal transactions given a desired portfolio is integrated into the architecture. The proposed method was tested on a dataset of one of the largest cryptocurrency markets in the world, outperforming state-of-the-art methods, achieving average daily returns of over 24%. © 2020

关键词： Hydroxychloroquine   Chloroquine   Lupus erythematosus   Retinopathy   Ophthalmological examination  

摘要： Background Antimalarial medication (AM) plays an important role in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Objective Updated evidence-based recommendations on the safety management of rheumatological treatment with AM are presented. Methods A systematic literature search in the databases Medline (PubMed) and Cochrane identified 1160 studies on the safety of treatment with AM in rheumatology. In addition, a manual search was carried out and 67 publications considered to be particularly relevant by the authors were analyzed in more detail. These publications served as a basis for consensus-based recommendations. Results Treatment with AM in rheumatology should be carried out with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with a dosage not exceeding 5 & x202f;mg/kg body weight/day. Patients should undergo a basic ophthalmological examination within the first 6 months of AM treatment. Pre-existing maculopathy, renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate, GFR <60 & x202f;ml/min), tamoxifen comedication, a daily dose of >5 & x202f;mg/kg HCQ or treatment with chloroquine (CQ) show an increased risk for AM-induced retinopathy. These patients should undergo an annual ophthalmological check from the beginning of the treatment, whereas patients with no risk factors are recommended to start this only after 5 years of taking the medication. The ophthalmological examination should comprise at least both an appropriate subjective and an objective method and these are usually an automated visual field test and optical coherence tomography (OCT). A visual field test revealing a parafoveal sensitivity loss and an OCT showing a parafoveal circumscribed loss of the photoreceptor layer or focal interruptions of the structural line of the outer segment are signs of a possible AM retinopathy. Determination of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in blood is appropriate to screen for cardiomyopathy and myopathy and should be checked before starting the treatment and then ca. every 3 months

关键词： Identity   Identity work   Professions   Pedagogy   Virtues  

摘要： This paper explores the challenges and opportunities facing educators who wish to facilitate management students' identity construction as a means to foster their students' emergent professional identities and post-graduate career attainments. We look to medical and law schools' recent advancements, alongside their traditional dissemination of knowledge and technical skills, in better aligning students' developing identities and related behaviors with respective professional ideals. Drawing on insights from these professional schools, we examine whether the concept of "professional virtues" that's proven valuable in these contexts might also be used to facilitate students' professional identity construction within management education. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 药政管理   管理学   高等学校   教材  

ISBN: (纸本)9787568068086

摘要： 本书为高等院校药学类专业创新型系列教材。本书共分为十四章，内容包括绪论、药品与药品管理制度、药事组织与药品监管体制、药师与药学服务管理、药事管理立法、药品注册管理、药品生产管理、药品经营管理、医疗机构药事管理、药品上市后监督管理、特殊管理药品的管理、中药管理、药品信息管理和药品知识产权保护。本书可供高等医药院校药学、临床药学、中药学及管理类各专业本科学生使用，也可用于各级各类药学专业人员的学习参考和培训。

关键词： Sustainability   Manager's education   Stakeholders   Integrity   Opportunism  

摘要： This paper investigates the perspective of students in the undergraduate management program of a Brazilian public university regarding the notion of sustainability. A quantitative survey was carried out, and data were collected through triangulation by combining documentary research and submission of a questionnaire to a sample of 233 students (30.98% of the population size) from both shifts of the course (morning and evening). Data analysis was carried out through the SPSS software and the use of descriptive statistics as well as nonparametric tests. The synthesis of the results reveals that, according to the respondents' perspective, the classic notion of sustainability, which entails an equitable treatment of the economic, social-cultural, and environmental dimensions, takes different positions when comparing the expected behavior and the actual behavior. In the first case, the notion of sustainability is oriented by the morals of integrity with long-term orientation and, in the second, it is guided by the morals of opportunism with a short-term orientation. The results indicate that the introduction of the topic of "sustainability" in the undergraduate management program deserves rethinking, especially through a holistic approach of integration and synthesis. Additionally, the results elicit reflections on the process of managers' education, especially because there is evidence that the profit-targeted, functionalist educational model still prevails over the logic of a sustainability-targeted education.

关键词： 管理学  

ISBN: (纸本)9787030635778

摘要： 本书在深入剖析我国小微企业安全生产市场化服务现实问题的基础上，将定性研究与定量分析相结合，理论分析与实践研究相补充，数理分析与模拟仿真相融合，围绕我国小微企业安全生产市场化服务现状、小微企业安全生产服务市场的形成与培育、小微企业安全生产市场化服务运行机制、小微企业安全生产市场化服务质量评价等系列科学问题进行深入、系统的研究。研究内容既丰富了安全科学理论体系，又为研究安全生产问题提供了可供借鉴的理论框架；研究结论与对策建议可为政府安全生产监管部门制定安全生产服务相关政策提供决策支持。

关键词： 案例研究   工商管理学科   优化措施  

摘要： 案例研究法是将实际发生的案例为依据,针对社会科学进行有效研究的一种教学方法,它有着十分显著的启发性,代表性和社会性。将案例研究法应用于工商管理学教学过程中,不仅能够有效提升学生的决策能力,还能极大地提升其实践能力。然而,在具体应用实践当中却一直存在着较大争议,一方认为该方法并没有发挥出应有的应用效果,而另一方则认为该方法收获显著。基于此,下文笔者就着眼于工商管理学案例研究法的主要内容,针对其优缺点进行重点分析,并提出相对应的建议,希望能够为以后的案例研究提供一定的参考和借鉴。