关键词： 三峡库区   高切坡   破坏模式   工程地质条件   时间效应   防护设计  

摘要： 三峡库区百万移民的搬迁建设导致大量高切坡的形成。未及时治理或治理不当的高切坡,不同程度地发生破坏,影响了人们的正常生活,甚至引发了地质灾害。因此,科学认识及治理高切坡十分必要。重庆市万州区高切坡主要有风化及差异风化、崩塌和土体滑塌等破坏形式。影响破坏的因素主要为工程地质条件、气候及时间效应。针对高切坡不同的破坏形式,以安全、经济及环境和谐的人文理念作为设计指导思想,充分论证了高切坡的防护方案,即:削坡、排水以及格构防护较适合万州区高切坡的防护。这些措施,既能很好地解决高切坡的防护问题,又能兼顾环保、降低造价。研究结果可以作为三峡地区高切坡类地质灾害防护设计的参考。也可为其它流域类似问题借鉴。

关键词： weathering   thermal-metamorphic contact belt   geomechanical and theological characters of the rock mass   DSGSD   geological evolutionary model  

摘要： Numerous Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformations (DSGSDs) occur throughout Italy, that originate from particular tectono-stratigraphic settings, relief, seismicity, deglaciation, as well as from intense and deep processes of chemico-physical weathering of crystalline-metamorphic rocks. These DSGSDs are particularly widespread in the Calabrian mountains. This study is focused on the Mt. Granieri-Salincriti slope, on the Ionian side of the Serre Massif, where granites and granodiorites (Stilo Unit, Palaeozoic) are in contact with metamorphites through a thermal-metamorphic aureole. This setting generates deep geochemical processes, inducing intense chemical weathering. These processes are mainly due to the interaction between groundwater and the sulphides that are contained in the local pegmatitic-hydrothermal intrusions, especially along the thermal-metamorphic contact belt. The Mt. Granieri-Salincriti slope has an important DSGSD, which is associated with many active and/or quiescent landslides. Among these landslides, the Salincriti rock avalanche-debris flow (about 2 M m(3)) represents the paroxysmal and terminal stage of the deep creep deformations of Mt. Granieri, typifying a geological setting that is common in the Calabrian Are. This multi-disciplinary study assessed the weathering susceptibility of the local crystalline-metamorphic rocks, especially those lying along thermal-metamorphic contact belts, by characterising the weathering horizons and the spatial distribution of weathering in the rock mass. The study was also aimed at identifying the relations between weathering, above all deep geochemical processes, effects on rocks and slope morphodynamics. The methodology was based on detailed geological data, geological-engineering surveys, geomorphology and surface hydrogeology analyses, as well as physico-mechanical laboratory tests. These investigations, supported by a monitoring program, led to the development of an engineering-geological model of the

关键词： 洪水   灾害   致灾原因   天山  

摘要： 1996年7月中，下旬（简称“96．7”），天山北坡发生了特大洪水，其洪峰之高、洪量之大为历史上所罕见，形成了建国以来新疆从未有过的特大洪灾。本文综合实地考察结果，在对洪水特点分析基础上，结合对本次洪水致灾过程的研究，详尽分析了天山北坡“96．7”洪水致灾的原因。

关键词： "96.7"洪水   洪水特征   天山北坡   致灾原因  

摘要： 1996年7月中、下旬（简称"96.7"），天山北坡发生了特大洪水，其洪峰之高、洪量之大为历史上所罕见，形成了建国以来新疆从未有过的特大洪灾。本文综合实地考察结果，在对洪水特点分析基础上，结合对本次洪水致灾过程的研究，详尽分析了天山北坡"96.7"洪水致灾的原因。