关键词： Chronic condition management   Self-management programs   Older adults   Systematic review  

摘要： Objective: To identify whether community-based Self-Management Programs (SMPs) actively engaged, or taught, individuals patient-oriented strategies;and whether having these attributes led to significant differences in outcomes. Methods: This systematic review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs)and cluster RCTs reporting on community-based SMPs with a group component for older adults with chronic conditions. The ways SMPS actively engaged participants and whether they taught patient-oriented strategies were analyzed. All study outcomes were reported. Results: The 31 included studies demonstrated community-based SMP programs actively engaged participants and provided strategies to improve health behaviour or care of their condition. Few included strategies to help manage the impact of conditions on their everyday lives. Seventy-nine percent of studies reported significant differences;variations in sample sizes and outcomes made it difficult to conclude whether having these attributes led to significant differences. Conclusion: SMPs are not supporting older adults to use strategies to address the impact of conditions on their everyday lives, addressing the needs of older adults with multiple conditions, nor assessing outcomes that align with the strategies taught. Practice implications: Health-care providers delivering SMPs to older adults need to tailor programs to the needs of older adults and assess whether participants are using strategies being proposed. (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 自雇经济   温州人民   温商精神  

摘要： 温州是民营经济的发祥地,是一座“全民创业”之城,也是中国改革开放41年的缩影和前沿阵地。温州模式作为一种典型的自雇经济,具有丰富的内涵,它是一种民本经济,温州人民是温州模式的创造力,市场经济是温州模式的推动力,温州人精神是温州模式的内驱力。本文旨在回顾改革开放后,以自雇为主要形式的温州经济的发展历程,从温州政府和温州企业家精神视角,对温州自雇经济进行再认识和评价。

关键词： 自我雇佣收入   雇佣规模   资金约束  

摘要： 文章采用2013年CHIP数据中的农户个体,研究农民群体中从事自我雇佣收入的影响因素。主要的研究结论有:农民自我雇佣收入远低于城镇居民,前者只有后者的68.24%;农民从事自我雇佣具有许多低端特点,低雇佣规模、低资本投入、且集中在低技术含量的行业;通过回归分析,发现初始投入资本、雇佣规模和行业等对农民自我雇佣收入有积极显著影响。最后,揭示了这些结论的政策含义。

关键词： 可雇佣性技能   自我学习能力   应用英语专业  

摘要： 为了适应经济社会发展和产业转型升级的新要求,高职教育教学应培养学生的实践能力、创造能力、就业创业能力,竭力提升学生的可雇佣性技能,而这离不开学生自我学习能力的提升。该研究从可雇佣性角度入手,探讨如何在学习过程中培养应用英语专业学生的自我学习能力,以提高其适应未来劳动力市场的能力。

关键词： Expulsion   Istanbul Greeks   Cyprus conflict   Turkish foreign policy   foreign policy   national identity   self   other   securitization  

摘要： By critically engaging with the critical constructivist and post-structuralist accounts of foreign policy, this study examines the mass expulsion from Turkey of Istanbul Greeks in 1964 and 1965. As forms of radical post-positivism, these approaches provide ample insights to understand how this expulsion and the Cyprus conflict have become instrumental for reinscribing both Turkish national identity and the expelled Greeks as its inimical/threatening other. Noting that radical post-positivism focused on specific foreign policy cases in specific periods of time tends to overlook the role and significance of state-building processes in the configuration and negotiation of self/other interactions, this study argues that the gross violence in Cyprus in the 1960s was utilized to justify the economic, social and cultural marginalization of Istanbul Greeks as well as their premeditated expulsion. However, the Greek expulsion may be fully comprehended only when it is contextualized within the minority regime shaped throughout the formation of the Turkish nation state in 1923.

关键词： 自我雇佣   社会流动   住房产权   机会公平感知   市场机会  

摘要： 基于CGSS2015相关数据和有序Logit模型,检验自我雇佣对农民社会流动预期的影响。实证研究结果发现,父辈学历、政治身份、机会公平感知等农民难以感知、难以触及因素对农民社会流动预期没有显著影响;自我雇佣、住房产权、原生家庭所属社会阶层等农民易感知、可触及因素则对农民社会流动预期有显著性影响。具体来看:相较于非自我雇佣者,自我雇佣者更可能向下流动;相较于非夫妻住房产权者,夫妻住房产权者更可能向上流动或平行流动;原生家庭所属社会阶层地位越高,农民更可能向上流动或平行流动。公共政策应立足于提高农民从事自我雇佣过程中的抵御市场风险能力,并致力于增加农民收入、改善农民生活条件。

关键词： 农民工   自雇创业   社会网络  

摘要： 通过对农民工自雇创业的典型代表——平邑县油篓村煎饼创业案例的剖析,遵循理论—实践—理论的研究路径,探究社会网络对于农民工自雇创业的作用。研究结果表明:社会网络对农民工自雇创业的识别创业机会和整合社会资本具有重要作用。基于以上结论提出了引导社会资本进入,将农民工纳入城市建设体系,加强鼓励回乡创业以及加强文化引导政策建议。

关键词： 自雇创业   雇佣就业   收入差异   女性流动人口  

摘要： 本文基于2016年中国流动人口动态调查数据,分别以自雇创业与雇佣就业为实验组和对照组,分析了女性就业选择的收入效应及其影响因素。研究表明:相较于雇佣就业,自雇创业对女性收入波动的处理效应更显著;当收入阶层相近时,禀赋效应是女性自雇创业与雇佣就业组间收入差异的主导原因。进一步研究发现,由于就业选择差异会引发劳动力市场分割,即使低收入阶层的要素禀赋效应显著为正,仍无法摒除劳动力市场对该阶层自雇创业女性的歧视效应;但在中高收入阶层中,自雇创业女性群体能够通过自身禀赋改变劳动力市场的劣势地位,就业选择差异引致的歧视效应弱化。