关键词： 专利   类号   出版   专利说明书   申请日期   专利摘要   专利文摘   法国   法兰西共和国  

摘要： 概况法国是实行专利制度比较早的国家之一。中世纪,就授予经营者或生产者的垄断权,可以说是专利的萌芽。1791年法国颁布了第一部专利法,同时设立了“发明专利管理局”负责处理申请、批准、公布、登记和转让产权等事宜。1844年对1791年的专利法进行了修改,颁布了第二部专利法。这部专利法虽然几经修正,但基本原则一直沿用了

关键词： Chemical patents   Computerization   Data representation  

摘要： A data structure for the unambiguous representation of generic structures at the machine level is described. It is designed for automatic generation from structures encoded in the formal language GENSAL and is based on connection tables. Its relationship with other forms of representation is discussed.

关键词： 专利公报   日本专利   检索工具   登记号   专利号   专利分类法   专利文献   索引   通检   专利摘要   专利文摘   专利说明书  

摘要： 专利文献主要是指专利说明书,以及专供报导和检索专利说明书用的检索工具,如专利分类表及其索引、专利公报、专利文摘、书目和索引等。它是一种极为重要的情报资料。

关键词： 专利   分类表   所有者   检索方法   专利情报   国际专利分类号   《国际专利分类表》  

摘要： 检索方法,就是查找和索取情报的方式方法。实际上,检索方法是一种集合概念,是主观和客观的统一,是认识与物质的统一,是根据课题所需专利情报范围,选择检索工具,确

摘要： A formal language, GENSAL, is described which is designed for the concise and unambiguous representation of generic structures from chemical patents (“Markush formulas”) in a manner which is intelligible to a chemist, yet sufficiently formalized for automatic analysis by a computer. GENSAL contains a number of facilities for showing the alternatives possible in a generic structure and any special restrictions placed on their variety. Experience to date suggests that GENSAL is capable of dealing with most of the types of generic statement encountered in patents. © 1981, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

摘要： A simple topological chemical grammar is developed, and its possible applications to the computer manipulation of chemical structures are discussed. The generative and recognitive capabilities of the grammar are illustrated by examples. The paper concludes by identifying the role of such capabilities in a generic (Markush) structure search system. © 1981, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

摘要： The strategy of an approach to representing and searching the generic chemical formulas (Markush formulas) typical of chemical patents is outlined. The methods under development involve the following stages: (a) the description of generic chemical expressions by means of a formal language, GENSAL;(b) an approach to the generation and recognition of substituents or radicals defined by generic nomenclatural expressions, via formal grammars;(c) methods for automatic generation of screen characteristics, individually and within the relational and logical frameworks defined by generic formulas;(d) search techniques for identification of specific structures and substructures within generic formulas based on these methods. © 1981, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： 检索程序   WPI   检索标识   检索点   文献号   分类号   分类标记   磁带   计算机外围设备   提问项   表文件   索引顺序文件   索引文件   专利索引   情报检索   情报工作  

关键词： 德温特公司   WPI   CPI   德温特出版有限公司(英国)   专利索引   专利文摘  

摘要： 英国德温特公司是从事专利情报工作的机构。1970年创办了《中心专利索引公报》,简称CPI,1971年创办了《世界专利索引》,简称WPI,1975年又创办了《世界专利索引文摘杂志》,简称WPAT。这些出版物报导美、英、法、德(东)、日、苏、比利时、加拿大、南非、瑞典、瑞

摘要： Databases which contain patent information and are available to the public via on-line computer networks are listed. A comparison of document and retrieval parameters is made for those on-line databases which provide comprehensive coverage of the chemical patent literature, i.e., CHEMCON, CLAIMS^TM, and WPI. Examples of representative searches run in each of these three databases are presented and discussed. The conclusion is reached that no one database may be relied upon to provide all possible relevant answers. © 1977, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.