关键词:
性病
流行病学特征
预防控制
摘要:
目的:了解重庆巫山5种性传播疾病(简称性病,STD)流行情况,为当地制定性病的预防和控制措施提供针对性的建议和依据。方法:收集2019~2023年重庆巫山报告的5种STD的资料,进行流行病学特征分析。结果:2019~2023年重庆巫山报告5种STD共2730例,5年累积报告发病率为120.42/10万。病例以梅毒为主,占病例总数的90.40% (2468例)。发病率最高的地区是曲尺乡(186.63/10万);报告病例数最多的地区是高唐街道(572例,20.95%)。病例男女性别比为0.83:1,80岁组段发病率最高(357.69/10万)。职业分布以农民为主(1321例,占48.39%),其次是家务及待业(958例,占35.09%)。结论:2019~2023年重庆巫山5种STD发病率总体呈下降趋势,但仍维持在较高水平。其中,梅毒,尤其是隐性梅毒,是防控工作的重点;应当增加5种STD的检测力度,以确保患者能够尽早发现、早期诊断和及时治疗,从而降低性病的发病率。与此同时,应强化对重点人群的健康教育与疫情监测,提升公众的防范意识,以有效遏制性病疫情的恶化。Objective: To understand the prevalence of five sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Wushan County, Chongqing, and to provide targeted recommendations and evidence for local prevention and control measures. Methods: Data on five reported STDs in Wushan County from 2019 to 2023 were collected and analyzed for epidemiological characteristics. Results: From 2019 to 2023, a total of 2730 cases of the five STDs were reported in Wushan, with a cumulative incidence rate of 120.42 per 100,000 population over five years. Syphilis accounted for the majority of cases, comprising 90.40% (2468 cases). The highest incidence rate was in Quchi Township (186.63 per 100,000), the region with the most reported cases was Gaotang Street (572 cases, 20.95%). The male-to-female ratio of cases was 0.83:1, with the highest incidence rate observed in the 80-year age group (357.69 per 100,000). The occupational distribution was predominantly farmers (1321 cases, 48.39%), followed by homemakers and unemployed individuals (958 cases, 35.09%). Conclusion From 2019 to 2023, the incidence of five sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Wushan, Chongqing, has shown an overall declining trend, but remains at a high level. Among these, syphilis, particularly latent syphilis, is a key focus of prevention and control efforts. We should enhance testing efforts for the five STDs to ensure that patients can be identified early, diagnosed promptly, and treated in a timely manner, thereby reducing the incidence of these diseases. A