关键词： 生活垃圾焚烧炉渣   红黏土   复合材料   力学性能   重金属固化机制  

摘要： 文章对生活垃圾焚烧炉渣-红黏土复合材料力学性能和重金属固化机制进行了研究。分析了生活垃圾焚烧炉渣基本特性及重金属含量及形态。研究红黏土基本特性及物理力学性能,生活垃圾焚烧炉渣-红黏土复合材料制备技术。采用抗压强度、抗折强度等测试手段对复合材料力学性能进行分析,讨论重金属固化测试方法。研究结果表明,生活垃圾焚烧炉渣-红黏土复合材料力学性能良好,重金属固化效果良好。

关键词： 壳聚糖   聚己内酯   聚氨酯预聚体   复合材料   界面相容性  

摘要： 以聚己内酯聚氨酯预聚体(PUP)为增容剂,采用熔融法制备了壳聚糖(CS)/聚己内酯(PCL)复合材料,探究了PUP含量和PCL分子量对CS/PCL复合材料结构及性能的影响。结果表明,PUP分子上的异氰酸酯基团可以与CS分子上的羟基和氨基反应形成共价键,同时PUP与PCL相似相容,通过PUP与两相的相互作用可以有效提高CS与PCL之间的界面相容性;随着PUP含量的增加,复合材料的热稳定性和力学性能增强,当PUP含量为20%、PCL分子量为40000时,复合材料的断裂强度从15.94 MPa增至33.60 MPa,断裂伸长率从1.0%升至18.4%;PCL的分子量越高,PCL与CS的界面相容性越低。该研究为壳聚糖基复合材料的热塑加工制备及其应用奠定了一定的理论基础。

关键词： Plastics applications  

摘要： To improve the interfacial bonding of glass fiber(GF) reinforced polyethylene(PE) composites，the effects of surface coating of grafted polar-functionalized polyolefins on GF and functionalization of the matrix resin were studied. This investigation focused on the impact of these modification methods on the interfacial adhesion of the GF-reinforced PE. The results indicate that grafted polar-functionalized maleic anhydride (MAH) polyolefins-namely，maleic anhydride grafted high-density PE (PE-HD-g-MAH)，maleic anhydride grafted low-density PE (PE-LD-g-MAH)，and maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer (POE-g-MAH)-when they are dissolved and coated on the surface of GF，significantly improve the interfacial bonding between GF and PE matrix. These findings suggest that incorporating grafted maleic anhydride polyolefins as a film-forming agent in the fiber sizing agent could be considered for industrial applications. The incorporation of grafted maleic anhydride groups，such as PE-LD-g-MAH and POE-g-MAH added into the matrix significantly enhances the interfacial bonding between GF and the PE matrix. As the amount of functionalized polyolefins with grafted polar groups increases，the interfacial bonding strength of the composite system increases. This strength reaches a peak when the additive amount reaches 7.5%，and further increasing the amount to 10% does not result in higher interfacial shear strength significantly. When the amount of functionalized polyolefins is relatively low，a higher grafting rate of the functionalized polyolefins leads to better interfacial bonding performance. Additionally，for functionalized polyolefins with a lower grafting rate of polar groups，increasing their amount in the matrix can also significantly enhance the interfacial bonding performance of the composite system. © 2024 Engineering Plastics Application Magazine. All rights reserved.

关键词： 材料科学  

ISBN: (纸本)9787030799883

摘要： 《生物质基机纳米复合材料》详细而完整地介绍了生物质的定义、分类、理化结构与改性方法，纳米的概念与纳米效应、机纳米材料的分类、性质与制备方法，并依次详细介绍了基于纤维素、纳米纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、淀粉、海藻酸钠、壳聚糖、丝素蛋白、明胶等生物质基机纳米复合材料的制备方法、性质及应用，还介绍了木材纤维基和非木材纤维基机纳米复合材料的特性与应用。《生物质基机纳米复合材料》深入浅出地总结了生物质基机纳米复合材料的基础理论、制备方法及应用等方面的最新进展。

关键词： Machinability  

摘要： Glass fiber(GF) reinforced syndiotactic polystyrene（sPS) composite material was prepared from GF and sPS resin by melting and blending with twin-screw extruder. The effects of 6 different kinds of GF on the properties of sPS composites were investigated，and the best kinds of GF were selected. The mechanical properties and crystallization properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Then，the best kind of GF suitable for sPS was selected，and the influence of GF content on the performance of GF reinforced sPS was investigated. The results show that the best type of GF is ECS11-3.0-436H. The SEM results show that better interfacial adhesion between GF and sPS resin matrix is obtained than other 5 kinds of GF. The results of DSC analysis show that the type of GF has little effect on the cold crystallization temperature and melting temperature of the composites. Choose GF ECS11-3.0-436H，the mass fraction is in the range of 0~50%，with the increase of GF amount，the mechanical properties of the composite are also gradually improved. © 2024 Engineering Plastics Application Magazine. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tensile strength  

摘要： In order to meet the Performance requirements of different parts of the arc extinguishing nozzle during fhe installa-tion and Operation of the circuit breaker arc extinguishing Chamber, and to improve the comprehensive Performance of the arc extinguishing nozzle, a two-stage functional gradient arc extinguishing nozzle was designed. The manufacturing technology of this func-tional gradient arc extinguishing nozzle was systematically *** its material properties were verified. *** Ansys finite element analysis Software, a two-stage functional gradient nozzle blank model was *** the sintering process of the gradient nozzle blank was simulated and calculated. The sintering process of the functional gradient nozzle blank was theoretically optimized, and a sintering process that can balance the Performance of both formulation Systems was obtained. In the molding process stage.a dedicated leveling fixture was designed to ensure the flatness of the functional gradient nozzle interface. *** functionally graded nozzle blank was prepared using the optimal pressing process and sintering curve, and mechanical, electrical, and thermal Performance tests were conducted. The test results show that the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the prepared functionally graded nozzle blank on the BN/PTFE side, MoS2/PTFE side, and interface all meet the technical requirements of the circuit breaker product for the nozzle. The excellent Performance at the interface ensure the basic Performance of the nozzle, while PTFE/BN side has excellent burn resistance, and PTFE/MoS2 side has excellent mechanical properties, which are in line with the design intention. The research results provide ideas and technical support for the development of high-capacity circuit breakers. © 2024 Engineering Plastics Application Magazine. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tensile strength  

摘要： In view of the importance of studying thermal stability and mechanical properties of laminated composites in the application，polyimide fiber reinforced polydimethylisoxane composites were prepared by means of antisymmetric laying and scraper coating. The effects of laying numbers，molding temperature，molding times，fiber laying density and fiber linear density on its mechanical properties were studied by thermogravimetric analysis and tensile test. The results show that the antisymmetric laminated composite has a low mass rate of only 0.66% at 300 ℃ ，indicating excellent thermal stability. The tensile strength and modulus of elasticity both show an increasing trend with the increase of laying number. The tensile strength and modulus of elasticity show an increasing trend first and then decreasing with the continuous increase of the moulding temperature. With the continuous increase of the moulding time，the tensile strength first increases and then decreases，while the modulus of elasticity shows a trend of first decreasing then increasing and then decreasing. With the increase of fiber laying density，the fracture strength shows a trend of first increasing then decreasing and then increasing，and the elastic modulus shows a trend of gradual increase. With the increase of fiber linear density，the tensile strength and elastic modulus of composites increase gradually. © 2024 Engineering Plastics Application Magazine. All rights reserved.

关键词： 石墨相氮化碳   LuFeO   复合材料   酸性铬蓝K   光催化降解  

摘要： 采用价格低廉的尿素与少量的三聚氰胺共煅烧，获得管状石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)；采用钙钛矿型LuFeO3对其改性，成功制备了LuFeO3/管状g-C3N4复合材料。研究结果表明，改性后的复合材料比单一g-C3N4具有更大的表面积、目标物富集率和载流子传递速度，更强的光吸收率且电子-空穴复合率下降，从而使得其在模拟可见光照射下对酸性铬蓝K进行光催化降解性能优异。特别是管状g-C3N4曲面上负载微尺径LeFuO3的质量百分含量达1%时，催化效率最高，多次循环使用后染料降解效率仍维持在80%以上，证实所制备的光催化剂具有良好的稳定性。通过活性物种湮灭实验揭示了直接参与氧化染料分子的活性物种，阐明了该复合材料在染料光降解过程中的催化机制，推动染料光催化降解过程更经济和高效。

关键词： 火焰喷涂   聚醚醚酮(PEEK)   碳纤维(CF)   石墨填料   力学性能   摩擦学性能  

摘要： 火焰喷涂树脂基复合材料涂层是一种提高金属机械零部件表面性能的有效方法，采用自润滑填料改性提升涂层的减摩耐磨性能有望拓展运动部件在苛刻使役条件下的应用。采用火焰喷涂技术在17-4PH钢基底上制备不同质量分数（1wt.%、2wt.%和5wt.%）石墨改性的10wt.%CF/PEEK复合材料涂层，研究石墨含量对火焰喷涂CF/PEEK涂层截面形貌、结晶行为、热性能、表面硬度、摩擦学性能和磨损机理的影响。结果表明：涂层孔隙率随石墨含量的增加呈先下降后提高的趋势，2wt.%石墨改性的CF/PEEK涂层孔隙率最低（2.13%），较CF/PEEK涂层下降了23.9%。CF/PEEK涂层随着加入石墨含量的增加，结晶度和表面硬度均呈先上升后下降的趋势，2wt.%石墨改性的CF/PEEK涂层表面硬度最高（0.326GPa），较CF/PEEK涂层提高了9.86%。石墨填料可以降低PEEK复合材料涂层在火焰喷涂过程中的降解，石墨含量为5wt.%时效果最好。随着石墨含量的增加，CF/PEEK涂层摩擦因数呈先上升后下降的趋势，5wt.%石墨改性的CF/PEEK涂层摩擦因数最低（0.291）；涂层比磨损率呈先下降后上升的趋势，1wt.%石墨改性的CF/PEEK涂层比磨损率最低(0.84×10-6mm3/（N·m）)，较CF/PEEK涂层下降了37.8%,1wt.%和2wt.%石墨改性的CF/PEEK涂层的疲劳磨损和磨粒磨损的程度均降低，涂层耐磨性提高。因此，火焰喷涂石墨改性CF/PEEK复合材料涂层在耐磨减摩方面具有潜在的工程应用价值。

关键词： 吸波材料   生物质   纤维素   碳基材料  

摘要： 随着无线通信技术的快速进步和电子设备数量的大幅增加，电磁干扰问题日益凸显，这对数据传输和设备性能产生了严重影响。因此，研究和开发高性能电磁波吸收材料显得尤为重要。纤维素因其资源丰富、环境友好、密度低等优点在高效吸波领域备受关注。纯纤维素材料由于其介电损耗低、电阻率高且无磁性，吸波能力较弱，不改性则难以直接应用。对改性纤维素的原理及性能进行综述，总结了研究人员通过添加磁性金属提高其磁性能，以及使用碳材料、导电聚合物提升其介电性能的3种改性方法。最后结合相关综述探讨了改性纤维素吸波材料现阶段面临的挑战，并对下一阶段的发展进行展望。