关键词： 壳聚糖   管状二氧化硅   pH响应   自修复涂层   缓蚀剂  

摘要： 有机涂层是目前保护金属表面免受腐蚀最经济、最常用的方法。但在金属材料服役过程中，保护涂层很容易受到损坏，导致涂层防护性能减弱。通过添加缓蚀剂赋予涂层修复损伤的能力可以有效解决这个问题。制备具有pH响应控释效果的负载缓蚀剂的纳米容器，并作为填料制备自修复涂层，用于实现缓蚀剂可控释放和涂层的腐蚀防护。利用管状介孔二氧化硅(T-mSiO2)的中空结构负载腐蚀剂5-乙基-1，3，4-噻二唑-2-胺（ETDA），并通过在T-mSiO2外表面上包覆壳聚糖（CS），作为缓蚀剂控制释放的开关。当发生腐蚀，局部环境变为酸性，CS会发生膨胀，T-mSiO2外的控释开关失效，管内的缓蚀剂得以释放。当释放一定量缓蚀剂后形成保护膜抑制腐蚀进一步发生，局部环境变回碱性，CS收缩，控释开关发挥作用阻止缓蚀剂继续释放。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、热重分析（TG）等测试验证了T-mSiO2成功负载ETDA且负载量良好，管外成功包覆CS且包覆修饰对ETDA负载的影响较小。使用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）测试涂层的自修复性能，通过分析0.01 Hz频率阻抗值确定了在第11 d涂层自修复能力达到最大，使用ZSimpWin对电化学阻抗数据进行拟合，通过拟合结果分析可知自修复涂层具有一定的防腐蚀能力。通过SEM、能量色散谱（EDS）和扫描Kelvin探针（SKP）验证涂层的自修复能力，自修复前后EDS测试划痕处铜元素含量的明显减少和SKP测试划痕处电势谷的消失都证明涂层具有良好的自修复性能。研究制备的CS-T-mSiO2-ETDA涂料具有良好的pH响应控释功能和自修复效果，为海洋金属设备防腐提供了一种新的思路，有望延长海洋设备服役年限。

关键词： 石墨烯   制备方法   综述   锂离子电池   复合材料  

摘要： 随着新能源的飞速发展，对锂离子电池的电化学性能和安全性的需求也在不断提升，石墨烯及其复合材料因其卓越的性能成为改性锂离子电池的最佳选择之一，已在锂离子电池的正极、负极、隔膜等关键部件中发挥出重要作用。在此介绍了石墨烯常见的制备方法以及近年来石墨烯在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展，并对其发展前景进行探讨。

关键词： 聚苯胺   银纳米颗粒   醇还原   热电   烧结  

摘要： 为提升聚苯胺基热电材料的性能，本文采用醇还原法制备了形貌规整、粒径约50 nm的银纳米颗粒（AgNPs），然后将AgNPs引入聚苯胺基体中，运用放电等离子体烧结技术制备块体材料。借助SEM、XRD、FTIR等手段对制备的样品进行表征，并研究了AgNPs对聚苯胺材料热电性能的影响。研究表明，AgNPs的引入提升了聚苯胺基材料的热电性能，当AgNPs的复合量为25wt.%时，所得样品的电导率在300 K时达到16.3 S/m，与复合5wt.%的样品相比其电导率提高了83.1%。AgNPs含量为10wt.%时，复合材料的热电优值（温度为300 K时）最大为1.34×10-5。热电测试结果表明该聚苯胺基复合材料在热电应用方面具有一定的优势。

关键词： 陶瓷基复合材料   多尺度模型   高温热循环   力学性能   微观结构  

摘要： 鉴于立体织物增强陶瓷基复合材料独特的复杂微观结构特性，其应用于热防护材料时，对于高温热循环下的服役寿命预测面临着多重严峻挑战。本文通过多尺度模型并结合仿真分析与试验测试，进行了复合材料在1200℃热循环下微观损伤与力学性能的研究。所构建的多尺度模型描述了经纱和纬纱的编织方式、纤维的几何构型、基体中的孔隙分布情况。所使用的材料本构涵盖了基体的屈服阶段，并考虑了温度相关的循环硬化效应。仿真及试验结果表明，热循环导致的基体开裂和界面脱粘是微观损伤的主要原因，使得复合材料拉伸性能大幅下降。相比之下，弯曲和压缩性能受热循环影响较小。

关键词： Cutting tools  

摘要： Carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites (CFRP) and titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V) are widely favored in the aviation field for their excellent high specific strength, high specific stiffness, excellent corrosion resistance and thermal shock resistance. However, the significant mechanical properties differences between the two materials often lead to poor machining quality and increase tool wear during the process of making holes in composite/titanium composites. This paper summarizes the research progress of cutting parameters, advanced tool design and cutting environment at home and abroad. In view of the fact that vibration perforation as an advanced machining mode has achieved remarkable technological results in complex/titanium laminated structure perforation in recent years, the key technical problems such as cutting force, cutting heat, hole quality and tool wear in complex/titanium laminated structure ultrasonic and low frequency vibration perforation are analyzed in detail. The new fine and strong integrated wave ultrasonic hole making technology is summarized, and the development direction of future research is prospected. The results of this study will provide an important technical reference for high quality and efficient pore preparation of composite/titanium laminated structures. © 2024 Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Magazine Office. All rights reserved.

关键词： Yarn  

摘要： The connection between aircraft composite panels and metal panels is an important research topic in the fuselage structure design. Due to the differences in properties between composites and metals, resulting in the stress of hybrid connectors during service being difficult to predict. Novel carbon nanomaterials represented by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and MXene films possess unique nanoscale structures and excellent physical properties. In this paper, by improving the preparation process of MXene/CNT composite film sensors and applying them to the health monitoring of composite/metal joint structures, a whole process tracking test of the hybrid joint structures during service is carried out. The results show that the monitoring responses of the thin film sensor throughout the process coincide with the stress–strain curve of the hybrid structure connectors, and it can give accurate early warnings of the failure of the hybrid connection structure, which has certain engineering significance. © 2024 Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Magazine Office. All rights reserved.

关键词： Circular waveguides  

摘要： With the rapid development of stealth technology, the microwave absorbing properties of composite materials are increasingly required. In this paper, SiCf/SiC 2D woven fabric was prepared by precursor impregnation and pyrolysis (PIP). The absorbing properties of SiCf/SiC 2D woven fabric, such as reflection loss, absorbing mechanism and influencing factors, were studied by means of experimental test and numerical simulation. The results show that the SiCf/SiC 2D woven laminates prepared in this paper have an effective absorption bandwidth of 3 GHz and a maximum reflection loss of -19.2 dB at the absorption peak of 9.7 GHz in the frequency range of 4-18 GHz. Its microwave absorbing performance is closely related to the electromagnetic parameters of the fiber, the microstructural parameters and the incidence Angle of the electromagnetic wave. In addition, it is found that the absorption properties of the composites are mainly due to the special braided structure and the interaction between the fibers and the matrix. These interactions cause electromagnetic waves to be reflected, scattered and absorbed several times inside the material, thus achieving efficient electromagnetic wave attenuation. This paper not only helps to promote the application of SiCf/SiC composites in stealth technology, electromagnetic shielding and other fields, but also provides a useful reference for the research of other high-performance composites. © 2024 Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Magazine Office. All rights reserved.

关键词： 松仁蛋白   刺槐豆胶   美拉德反应   Pickering乳液   乳液稳定性  

摘要： 为探究刺槐豆胶（Locust Bean Gum，LBG）共价修饰对松仁蛋白（Pine kernel protein，PKP）结构、功能和乳液稳定性的影响，通过接枝度、褐变程度等证明美拉德反应的发生；采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、内源荧光光谱，粒径电位、表面疏水性等研究了不同PKP/LBG（g/g）的共价复合物和物理混合物结构及功能性质的变化；以共价复合物为乳化剂，制备不同油相体积分数的Pickering乳液，并对乳液性质进行分析。结果表明：添加LBG后，红外光谱出现C=O拉伸和N-H弯曲，α-螺旋和β-折叠含量降低。荧光光谱分析发现物理混合物最大发射波长轻微蓝移，共价复合物红移，说明共价结合使蛋白结构展开。共价复合物的高表面电荷可抵抗蛋白质聚集，与物理混合物相比疏水基团和游离巯基基团增加，PKP三级结构变化。不同比例PKP/LBG对PKP展开程度和乳化性也有一定的影响，M-P-L-0.5的溶解度、乳化活性和乳化稳定性较P-L-0.5相比分别提高了0.41、3.47和3.10倍（P < 0.05）。与PKP稳定的Pickering乳液相比，M-P-L-0.5稳定的Pickering乳液表观黏度高且储存稳定性好，粒径电位分析和显微镜观察等证明了这一点。油相体积分数大的乳液液滴大，间隙小，且对pH、离心、离子强度和温度变化更稳定。研究结果为改善PKP乳化性提供了理论依据，拓宽了松仁蛋白在食品加工中的应用范围，得到了稳定性较好的Pickering乳液。

关键词： 金属基复合材料   磨损机制   球磨时间   热压烧结   摩擦性能  

摘要： 本研究的主要目的在于阐明球磨时间对TiB2-石墨杂化增强Cu基复合材料显微组织和摩擦学性能的影响。采用热压烧结法制备了不同球磨时间下（4、6、8、10和12 h）的Cu基复合材料，并对它们的摩擦学性能进行了研究。结果表明：复合材料的致密度和电导率随着球磨时间的增加先增加后下降；经球磨6 h制备的复合材料致密度和电导率最大，分别为99.1%和42.8%IACS。复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率随球磨时间的增加为先降低后增加。经6 h球磨合成的复合材料摩擦因数和磨损率最低，分别为0.234和1.974 × 10-5。球磨6 h制备的复合材料主要磨损机制为磨粒磨损。