关键词： Biology   Amblyseius olivi Nasr & Abou-Awad   Phytoseiidae   Acari   predacious mites  

摘要： The development was faster and reproduction was higher when Amblyseius olivi Nasr and Abou-Awad fed on the eriophyid mite Eriophyes olivi Zaher and Abou-Awad. The duration increased and reproduction decreased on the tetranychid mite Tetranychus (T.) urticae Koch. The predator female consumed daily 120 and 8 individuals of E. olivi and T. (T.) urticae respectively. The daily reproduction was as low as 0.6 - 0.3 eggs/.female./day when females were maintained on royal jelly, molasses, honey or their combinations.

关键词： 臭鼩   树鼩   高重顺序  

摘要： 将臭鼩肾组织提取的高分子量DNA经BamHⅠ、BglⅡ,EcoRⅠ酶解后,获得高重顺序,提纯BM(BamHI)-1片断,测定其分子量,进行酶切位点分析以及测定臭鼦DNA的Tm值,并同树鼩的高重顺序进行杂交。结果表明,臭鼦在高重顺序酶切片段电泳带型、单体分子量大小,酶切位点分布等方面与树鼩有较大差异。杂交结果亦表明两者高重顺序的同源性较小。

摘要： The thermal properties of four different types of bark were investigated on twentyfour central European tree species using thermocouples. Tree species with white bark avoided overheating of their surface by reflection of the radiation. Species with fissured and scaly barks shade inner parts of their bark. Some tree species with fissured barks show high insulation across the bark. Smooth and thin barks show no adaptation to avoid overheating. These tree species (in central Europe e.g. Fagus sylvatica) have to form closed stands and are not able to occur in open stands as tree species with structured or white bark types. The arthropod fauna of the same bark types was studied on six tree species [F. sylvatica, Betula pendula, Quercus robur, Ulmus glabra, Salix alba, and Acer pseudoplatanus] using three collecting methods. The microclimate on the bark determines the number per cm2 of some species, some are active during winter, and other tend to aptery and reproduce parthenogenetically. On smooth bark one species dominates, whereas a highly diverse fauna lives on fissured barks. The occurrence of species on bark is determined by the microstructure, microclimate and consistence of the epiphyts. If tree species alter within forest ecosystems the dominant species on bark will persist. Specialists of fissured barks will die out if tree species with smooth bark (Fagus sylvatica) form the central European forest.

关键词： HDL   实验组   血清   试验组   胆甾醇   胆固醇   脂蛋白   动脉硬化   动脉粥样硬化  

摘要： 目前研究HDL抑制粥样斑块的机理是防治动脉粥样硬化病的一个重要课题。我们在利用树鼩建立粥样斑块模型中发现,树鼩具有很高的血清α脂蛋白(占总脂蛋白60～75％),用高于家兔4～5倍高胆固醇长期摄入,仍不形成典型的粥样病变。实验先后进行了二次,历时3年。第一次实验有22只树鼩,雌雄各半,分2组。实验组12只,平均体重130.5±11.2克,每周喂6次胆固醇饲料(胆固醇0.2克、蛋黄

关键词： 系统树   节肢动物   进化分枝图   动物进化   环节动物   腔肠动物   扁形动物   裂体腔动物   原口动物  

摘要： 系统树(phylogenetic tree)又叫系统树图(dendrogram)、谱系树(genealogical tree)或进化树。分类学家和进化论者为了简明地表示出生物的亲缘关系及进化历程,常根据亲缘关系的远近,将各类生物分别放在一种有分枝的树状图表上,这种图表,就是系统树。大家知道,达尔文的进化论中有一条基本原理:各类生物都由共同祖先传衍而来,它们之间有或近或远的亲缘关系。达尔文指出,一切哺乳动物都来自一个始祖种;一切昆虫都有

关键词： 紫树   根皮   粗提物   提取物   蓝果树   动物   亚急性毒性   亚慢性毒性   移植瘤   实验研究  

摘要： 紫树,又名兰果树(Nyssa,sinensisoliver,属珙(王同)科(Nyssaceae),是我国特有植物,与抗癌植物喜树(Camptothe-ca accuminata Decne)为同科。紫树系乔木,高10～18米,因其幼枝及核果紫兰色而得名,成片分布于长江流域及华南各省区的海拔800～1400米森林中。喜树对动物移植瘤有抑癌作用,根据其与喜树的同科亲缘关系。本文报道紫树提取物对

关键词： Animals   Bile   Bile Acids and Salts/blood   Biliary Tract/anatomy & histology   Cholecystography   Diet   Enterohepatic Circulation   Humans   Pressure   Specimen Handling/methods   Specimen Handling/methods   Ultrasonography  

摘要： Difficulties in obtaining proper bile samples are due to inaccessibility of the biliary tree and to distortions induced by sampling methods. One must be cognizant of the effects of diet on bile secretion and gallbladder motility. Experimental methods which interrupt the enterohepatic circulation or alter the intestinal migrating myoelectric complex induce spurious changes in bile flow and composition. Biliary tract pressure‐flow relationships must be maintained or the gallbladder will be made functionless. Dead space errors lead to distortions unless studies are performed in the steady state, or dead space is measured and corrections are applied. Surgery has major effects on some parameters of interest, and animals should be allowed to recover when these are studied. The effect of the mixing of bile with other secretions in the duodenum must be considered when using bile‐rich duodenal fluid. For some parameters of bile secretion, mixing is unimportant but for others, special precautions for handling bile and interpreting results are required.

关键词： 奠柏   动物   枝条  

摘要： 印度尼西亚爪哇岛上,有一种奇怪的树名叫'奠柏'。它身上有许多长长的枝条,有的拖在地上,人、畜如果碰上了它,枝条就会紧紧缠起来,使人畜不能脱身,这时树

关键词： 灵长目   食虫目   幼仔   实验动物  

摘要： 树鼩(Tupaia,英文名 Tree shrew)在国际上被通俗地称之为树仙(Tupaia glis)。自从1922年开始对它进行研究以来,只要提到树鼩,就会引起分类学上的争论。虽然在1978年出版的《辞海》上,仍把它为食虫目(Insectivora),但是,大多数人认为树鼩是在大约第三纪,从食虫目的向灵长目演化过程中,幸存保留至今的少数几小灵长目的原宗,属灵长目 Primates,原猿亚目 Prosimii,树鼩下目 Tuparformes 的树鼩科Tupaiodes。下分2亚科6属47个种和约100个亚种,

关键词： 实验动物   医学科研   猩猩   猴子   灵长类   动物学家   新星   恒星  

摘要： 提起灵长类动物,当然为人们所熟悉的是猴子,猩猩等。随着人类活动和科学实践的不断发展,猴子的用途越来越广泛。由于它们的生理特点同人类十分相似,因此一直是医学科研上十分理想的实验动物。近年来,由于科学事业的发展,对猩猩和猴子的用量与日俱增,全世界每年要用十万只以上,所以,它们的价格飞快上涨。目前,拥有灵长类动物的国家为了保护这一宝贵的动