关键词： 气候变化   农业   影响   应对措施   山西忻州  

摘要： 本文根据忻州农业生产的实际情况,分析了气候变化对农业的影响,包括气象灾害对农业生产的影响,气候变化对土壤及肥力变化的影响,气候变化对作物种植系统、生产结构和地区分布的影响等,并从政策措施实施、农业基础设施建设、农业技术选择、气候灾害预警和响应功能建设等方面提出了农业生产应对气候变化的措施,以期为减轻气候变化对忻州市农业生产的不利影响提供参考。

关键词： 气候变化   农业可持续发展   熵权法   影响因素  

摘要： 系统分析气候变化背景下农业气候资源和农业社会经济对农业可持续发展的影响,可以为区域调整农业种植结构和农业政策制定提供有力的科学依据。本文以2013-2018年高台县农业发展为例,构建了评价指标体系,运用熵权法对农业可持续发展水平进行综合测评。结果表明:6年间,高台县农业可持续发展水平呈现持续提升态势,向着可持续发展方向有序推进;农业气候资源有向农业生产适宜方向缓慢转变趋势,但总体发展水平略滞后于农业社会经济发展水平;农业社会经济发展水平逐年提升,逐渐成为推动高台县农业现代化进程中的主导性力量;农药使用量、相对湿度、化肥施用量、农业机械总动力、降水量、平均气温是影响高台县农业可持续发展的主要因素。

关键词： 气候变化   农业生产  

摘要： 农业是我国国民经济发展的支柱性产业,农业生产情况直接影响我国社会经济发展。因全球气候变暖现象不断加重,武夷山气候也发生了显著变化,对农业生产的影响较大。本文结合武夷山气温和降水量资料,分析了气候变化对农业生产的影响,并给出了相关的防御对策,以确保粮食高产丰收。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   非常规风险事件   农业风险管理  

摘要： 农业同时受到常规风险事件与非常规风险事件的影响。所以,一个完善的农业风险管理体系是重要的,有利于稳定农业生产,促进农业经济发展。然而,我国农业风险管理体制处于发展的初级阶段,存在若干问题:一是侧重于自然灾害等常规风险事件,对于新型冠状病毒肺炎等非常规风险事件的政策措施较少;二是以事中风险控制和事后风险管理为主,对事前风险防控的重视程度不足;三是,作为农业风险管理体系重要构成部分,农业保险的风险保障功能有待完善。特别是产品供给结构单一、赔付程序欠合理以及保费补贴不全面。因而必须进一步健全农业风险管理体系:一是构建常规风险事件和非常规风险事件的应急管理机制;二是完善事前风险防控、事中风险控制和事后风险管理的政策措施;三是建立多层次的农业保险产品体系,优化农业保险赔付程序,完善保费补贴机制。

关键词： 延安   气候变化   农业生产   影响  

摘要： 近年来,气候变化已经成为当今人们普遍关注的环境问题之一。气候变化不仅会对生态系统造成影响,而且对农业生产也会产生直接的危害。而农业是国民经济发展的基础,极端气候的发生会引发自然灾害的产生,从而对农业生产造成影响,进而严重威胁粮食安全、社会稳定以及经济的可持续发展。基于此,本文对延安气候变化对农业生产的影响进行了研究,以期能够为气候变化研究提供一定的参考。

关键词： FEW nexus   Paddy rice   Climate change   Productivity   Irrigation requirement   Footprint  

摘要： This study aimed to assess the holistic impacts of climate change and irrigation management on food centric water-energy-land interlinkages in the Food-Energy-Water (FEW) nexus specialized in agriculture. Accordingly, we analyzed the trends and variation in productivity, irrigation requirement, and energy input for paddy rice production, which is the representative crop in Korea, from 1990 to 2099 with eight general circulation models (GCMs) as climate change scenarios. Results showed that the productivity of paddy rice would decrease owing to climate change, and its variation would increase. Irrigation requirement under the MIROC-ESM scenario was estimated as 849mm year(-1) in 2020-2099, which was 37mm year(-1) greater than that in 1990-2018. The change in irrigation management from continuous to intermittent irrigation would affect the interlinkages in the agricultural FEW nexus. Intermittent irrigation could positively influence irrigation water savings but lower productivity under climate change, and would increase the variation in both productivity and irrigation requirement. Finally, we analyzed the blue water and land footprints as interlinkage indicators in the FEW nexus. In particular, we classified the simulation results from eight GCMs in 2020-2099 based on footprints and precipitation through K-means clustering to assess the differences between footprints under various precipitation conditions. The largest number of cases was classified in the cluster characterized by large blue water footprints but small land footprints under low precipitation. These results could help develop the agricultural FEW nexus platform considering the various impacts of climate change and irrigation management.

关键词： Climate change   Cattle   Agriculture   Food pollution   Environment   Natural resources  

摘要： In Nigeria, there have been clashes between herdsmen and crop farmers. While a lot of people have adjudged it to be solely a religious and political affair, the reality on the ground that cannot be ignored is the fact that the fight for limited resources has led to this conflict. Countless lives, properties and source of livelihoods have been lost because of the competition for limited natural resources. A cow on average contributes between 70 and 120 kg of methane per year, and Nigeria has 20 million of them. Calling for a boycott of beef and increasing prices of beef and beef-based commodities in this part of the world, because of its contribution to climate change is unrealistic as Nigerians still struggle to meet their dietary protein requirement. It is of paramount importance that the focus of the government and all concerned stakeholders shift from just ending the conflicts in addressing the root cause and putting sustainable structures in place for a lasting solution guaranteeing food security. This paper aims to establish the need for concerted efforts towards addressing climate change in the face of geometrically increasing populations and rapidly decreasing finite resources which have induced conflict between farmers and herdsmen over limited and scarce resources. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 气候变化问题   合作意向   德国联邦   默克尔   贡献者  

摘要： 近年来,气候变化问题已经成为国际广泛关注的热点,中德双方都非常重视气候变化问题。2018年12月、2019年6月,习近平总书记与德国总理默克尔会晤的时候,提出中德双方应该加强气候变化的合作,农业是气候变化受害领域,也是气候变化的贡献者。我国农业农村部与德国联邦食品与农业部,2019年6月签署了气候与农业合作意向联合宣言,共同支持农业领域减缓与适应气候变化的项目。

关键词： 气候变化   农业生产   影响   特点  

摘要： 根据对二二二团近10年气象资料的统计分析,主要对本地区气温、降水、灾害性天气等年、季节变化情况进行了统计、分析,结合本地区农业生产情况,总结出二二二团的气候变化特点及主要农业气象灾害,分析了气候变化对农业生产的影响。