关键词： 气候变化   河北省   农业   对策  

摘要： 基于近50年来河北省气候变化趋势及其对河北省农业的影响分析,提出河北省农业的应对措施:调整农业结构和种植制度;发展生物技术等新技术,培育抗逆性强优质农作物品种,加强农业基础建设和农田基本建设,科学灌溉,协调用水,增强抗御气候变化而造成的缺水局面的能力;实施虚拟水资源战略,合理农业布局;建立健全极端天气应急方案,强化监测网建设;加强防灾、减灾、灾害恢复技术的研发和推广,不断提高农业对气侯变化的适应能力,实现农业的可持续发展。另一方面,要节能减排,植树造林生态固碳,多部门联动,推进低碳城乡化,为全球减缓气候变化做出贡献。

关键词： 气候变化   农业生产   风险   减产   中国   公益性行业  

摘要： 国家公益性行业科研专项“气候变化对农业生产的影响及应对技术研究”日前出台的研究报告显示，气候变化对中国农业生产的影响深刻而复杂，总体上加大了减产风险。

关键词： Urban agriculture   Urban forestry   Climate Change   Adaptation   Mitigation   Urban Africa  

摘要： A range of published and grey literature over the last three decades has underlined the importance of urban and peri-urban agriculture and forestry (UPAF) in cities of developing regions. The focus in the published literature is on livelihoods, poverty reduction and ecosystems services at multiple city scales. Cities of developing regions, particularly in Africa, are searching for ways of addressing the unavoidable impacts of climate change and UPAF has demonstrated scalable adaptation and mitigation potential. However, evidence of UPAF's role in mitigating and adaptation to climate change is scattered in various reports and has not been synthesized for its potential role in developing urban adaptation strategies. Building on the earlier poverty reduction focus of UPAF research, this paper contributes to UPAF knowledge regarding mitigating and adapting to climate change in urban and peri-urban areas in East and West Africa. The paper reports a synthesis based on a systematic review of the available literature on these regions, and selected sources on other parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The paper also examines the extent to which literature conveys any evidence for UPAF playing a role in mediating the effects of climate/environmental change. Limited empirical verification was undertaken in Kampala and Ibadan, but this does not form the basis for systematic generalization. The key emerging areas of adaptation and mitigation include enhanced food security, productive greening, ecosystem services and innovative policy for urban resilience and transformation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： AGRICULTURE -- Research   CLIMATIC changes -- Research   STRUCTURAL equation modeling   SUSTAINABLE agriculture   ENVIRONMENTAL protection   AGRICULTURAL ecology  

摘要： Increasingly, funding agencies are investing in integrated and transdisciplinary research to tackle "grand challenge" priority areas, critical for sustaining agriculture and protecting the environment. Coordinating multidisciplinary research teams capable of addressing these priority areas, however, presents its own unique set of challenges, ranging from bridging across multiple disciplinary perspectives to achieve common questions and methods to facilitating engagement in holistic and integrative thinking that promotes linkages from scholarship to societal needs. We propose that structural equation modeling (SEM) can provide a powerful framework for synergizing multidisciplinary research teams around grand challenge issues. Structural equation modeling can integrate both visual and statistical expression of complex hypotheses at all stages of the research process, from planning to analysis. Three elements of the SEM framework are particularly beneficial to multidisciplinary research teams;these include (i) a common graphical language that transcends disciplinary boundaries, (ii) iterative, critical evaluation of complex hypotheses involving manifest and latent variables and direct and indirect interactions, and (iii) enhanced opportunities to discover unanticipated interactions or causal pathways as empirical data are tested statistically against the model. Using our ongoing multidisciplinary, multisite field investigation of climate change adaptation and mitigation in annual row crop agroecosystems as a case study, we demonstrate the value of the SEM framework for project design, coordination, and implementation and provide recommendations for its broader application as a means to more effectively engage and address issues of critical societal concern.

关键词： climate change   food systems   organic agriculture  

摘要： The theory that we shall seek to elaborate here puts considerable emphasis on maintenance of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes, conventionalization of organic food systems, and the agricultural sector as both a source of GHG emissions and a potential tool for mitigation. This paper discusses the major trends in scholarship about the development of organic agriculture, the mitigation and adaptation potential of organic agricultural systems, and the practice of organic agriculture on a large scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： 气候变化   中国农业生产   影响   策略  

摘要： 气候变化是影响农业生产的重要因素。当前全球都呈现出气候变暖态势,对我国农业生产和粮食安全造成了严重影响。本文详细介绍了气候变化对农业生产的有利影响和不利影响,并针对产生的负面影响提出了积极的应对措施。

关键词： 发展改革委   气象局   水利部   交通厅   气候变化   海洋   林业局   农业部  

摘要： 各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市、新疆生产建设兵团发展改革委，财政厅（局），住建厅（委、局），交通厅（局、委），水利（务）厅（局），农业厅（委、局），林业厅（局），气象局，海洋厅（局）：

关键词： 气候变化   农业生产   应对措施  

摘要： 农业是国民经济的基础，气候是影响农业生产的重要决定因素，气候变化对农业所带来的不利影响，特别是极端天气气候诱发的自然灾害将会造成农业生产的波动、危及粮食安全、社会的稳定和经济的可持续发展。本文阐述了我国气候变化的特征和趋势，介绍了农作物对温度、降水变化的敏感性，分析了气候变化对中国农业生产所造成的影响和危害。由此，为农民和农业科技人员应对气候变化，保障农业生产提供可靠依据。

关键词： 气候变化   农业旅游   AHP法   模糊综合评价法   南京市  

摘要： 结合南京市农业旅游受气候变化的影响因素分析,建立南京市气候变化对农业旅游的评价指标体系,在此基础上利用层次分析法及模糊综合评价法,选取南京市7个具有代表意义的农业旅游景点进行影响分析。结合综合评价结果,在南京市气候变化背景下,提出若干促进南京市农业旅游发展的政策措施。