关键词:
causal pathways
COVID-19
food Security
vulnerability
2019冠状病毒病
粮食安全
因果路径
脆弱性
COVID-19
seguridad alimentaria
vías causales
vulnerabilidad
摘要:
In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, governments implemented stringent social and economic lockdowns. This study analyzed how the lockdown affected food security dimensions and the factors that influenced these effects. Food security dimensions—availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability—were measured through participation in farming, the number of daily meals, the dietary diversity index, and changes in earnings, respectively. Using questionnaire-generated data collected from a sample of 476 respondents drawn through stratified sampling, inferential statistics and regression models were estimated. The findings revealed that while lockdowns positively influenced food availability due to increased farming participation, they had negative effects on food accessibility, stability, and utilization, as indicated by a decrease in daily meals, earnings, and the dietary diversity index. The index reduced because consumption shifted from expensive high-quality to cheaper low-quality foods. While food availability was positively associated with rural and farm households, limited food accessibility and poor food utilisation were more prevalent among urban and economically insecure households. The results highlight the need for addressing both the health and socioeconomic consequences of the pandemic while considering vulnerability in the response. There is also a need for a long-term assessment of the lockdown's effects on food security and comparisons across countries. 为应对新冠肺炎疫情的爆发, 各国政府实施了严格的社会封锁和经济封锁。本研究分析了封锁如何影响粮食安全层面以及这些影响的影响因素。粮食安全层面——可用量、可获得性、利用率和稳定性——分别通过农业参与、每日用餐次数、膳食多样性指数和收入变化来衡量。使用从分层抽样的476名受访者样本中收集的问卷数据, 估计了推论统计和回归模型。研究结果表明, 虽然封锁由于增加了农业参与度而对粮食可用量产生了积极影响, 但对粮食可获得性、稳定性和利用率产生了负面影响, 这表现为每日用餐次数、收入和膳食多样性指数的下降。指数下降是因为消费从昂贵的高质量食品转向更便宜的低质量食品。虽然粮食可用量与农村和农场家庭呈正相关, 但有限的粮食可获得性和低粮食利用率在城市家庭和经济不安全的家庭中更为普遍。结果强调, 在考量响应脆弱性时, 需要同时应对疫情对健康和社会经济的影响。还需要对“封锁对粮食安全的影响”进行长期评估, 并进行各国比较。 En respuesta al brote de COVID-19, los gobiernos implementaron estrictos confinamientos sociale