关键词： food security   gender   inequity   intersectionality  

摘要： Prior research in health equity, including food security, indicates that disadvantaged groups, such as women with limited resources, face many obstacles in achieving food security. One of the first of its kind to draw on intersectionality and the social determinants of health frameworks, this study identified and tested gender differences in experiencing food security inequities using nationally representative data from the Gallup World Poll, Uganda 2019 (N = 951). Binary logit models disaggregated by gender were estimated to identify gender differences in food security. Three points of intersection were categorized: individual characteristics (gender, age, region, marital status, household number of children and adults);available resources (education, income, employment, shelter, social support);and the socio-political context (community infrastructures, corruption within the business). Testing the moderation effect of gender with each variable (difference-in-difference) showed that although most variables correlated with a difference in experiencing food security by gender, only two-marital status, and social support-presented a statistically significant difference. Accounting for this moderation effect, the final model showed that lacking shelter and residing in Eastern Uganda decreased food security. More adults in the household, higher education, higher income, available social support, and satisfaction with community infrastructures enhanced the odds of food security. Results suggest that (a) conventional food security quantitative approaches may not suffice to model inequities when gender is a control variable rather than a foundation to explain inequities;and (b) gendered-centered analysis helps better identify disadvantaged groups and inform policies that target associated inequities.

关键词： 农业产业韧性   数字经济   资源配置   农业强国   粮食安全  

摘要： [目的]产业韧性强是农业强国建设的基本保障。在当前错综复杂的国内外环境下，探究数字经济对农业产业韧性的影响，对增强农业产业韧性、加快建设农业强国具有重要意义。[方法]文章利用2011-2021年中国省级面板数据构建农业产业韧性指标体系，并利用双向固定效应模型、门槛模型及空间计量模型实证分析数字经济对农业产业韧性的影响及内在机制。[结果]研究发现，数字经济发展能够显著增强农业产业韧性，这一结论在经过一系列稳健性检验和内生性分析后依然成立。门槛效应分析中，数字经济对农业产业韧性的提升作用会受到数字经济发展水平和城镇化水平的影响，表现出“边际效应”递减的非线性特征。机制分析表明，农业劳动力错配与资本错配的中介效应恰好相反。数字经济主要通过改善农业劳动力错配、提高农业劳动力配置效率进而强化农业产业韧性。异质性分析中，数字经济对农业产业韧性的提升作用存在区域异质性，在中西部地区和粮食主产区的促进作用更强。空间效应分析中，农业产业韧性提升过程中数字经济的空间溢出效应得到证实。[结论]为此，政府部门应实施动态化、差异化的数字经济发展战略，因地制宜改善信息基础设施条件，引导数字经济“三农”发展，增强农业产业韧性。

关键词： 粮食安全   产业发展   生态优先   对外开放  

摘要： 近年来,内蒙古自治区高度重视实施乡村振兴战略,并已在多个方面取得初步成效。但是仍然存在着一些问题,如集体经济发展模式单一;基础设施建设落后,物流电商发展受限;农牧民自身发展动力不足,缺乏乡村振兴人才等。本文基于内蒙古实际情况,分析并提出解决上述困境的对策。在乡村振兴战略背景下,内蒙古要当好国家粮食安全“保障员”;坚持党的全面领导,巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果,铸牢中华民族共同体意识,维护乡村的安全稳定;多举措推动产业振兴高质量发展;改善生态环境、基础设施建设和公共服务、乡村文化建设,打造宜居宜业和美乡村;加速国内国际双循环,提高对外开放水平,以此突破发展限制。