关键词： 科学技术   数学算法   计算机编程优化作用  

摘要： 随着科学技术的发展,计算机技术在社会生产生活的方方面面扮演着越来越重要的角色。在计算机技术领域,编程技术以其灵活性以及实用性成为了主要技术之一。而为了研究编程中的逻辑性离不开对数学算法的分析,通过数学算法使得编程得以被高效应用。本文在介绍数学算法的基础之上,研究了数学算法对计算机编程技术的优化作用以及其广泛的应用,对计算机编程理解和掌握具有较重要的意义。

关键词： 计算机   随机信号   数学模型   控制算法   建模  

摘要： 针对传统计算机随机信号控制时数学模型的算法不精确的现象,提出计算机随机信号控制组合数学模型算法建模研究。通过将数学模型和随机信号控制算法组合起来,形成一种有效的计算机随机信号控制组合数学模型算法。通过实验论证分析的方式,确定随机信号控制组合数学模型算法的有效性,不仅能够提高建模精度,还能获得很快的收敛速度,进而提高计算机随机信号控制效率。

关键词： Students  

摘要： This paper presents a study of rates of dropout from Brazilian degree courses, based on data provided by the National Institute for Educational Studies and Research "Anísio Teixeira" (INEP) and a case study carried out at the University of Brasilia (UnB). Dropout was calculated by tracking the status of each student between 2010 and 2014 in the eight major areas according to the classification of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), for the major area of Science, Mathematics, and Computing, and for the area of Computing. Data were analyzed in order to check for potential evidence regarding the influence on dropout of factors such as algorithmic abstraction, number of applicants per place, or the gender of students. A survey was also performed using online questionnaires for circumvented students from the courses of Bachelor of Computer Science, Degree in Computing, and Computer Engineering between 2005 and 2015. This survey revealed the influence on dropout of several factors and particularly institutional and vocational factors;it is clear that difficulties in algorithmic abstraction and mathematical knowledge influence rates of dropout from computing courses. © 2018, The Author(s).

关键词： 等距特征映射   非线性降维   特征提取   人脸识别  

摘要： 该文梳理了人脸识别技术的相关研究文献,并以FG-NET人脸数据库为样本库,对随机选取的实验分析对象进行预处理后,建立合理的数学模型.通过等距特征映射(ISOMAP)算法进行非线性降维,将高维空间的数据信息映射到低维空间,再通过特征提取的方法来判别图像的相似度.该算法以多维尺度变换(MDS)为基础,将欧氏距离替换为数据点间的测地线距离,使数据信息在降维后损失最小,实现高维空间的数据信息在低维空间的有效表达,在较大减小计算量的基础上,提高图像识别率.同时,运用MATLAB软件进行编程验证,结果表明,同一个人在不同年龄段的人脸识别率达到了88.89%,不同人在不同年龄段的人脸识别率达到了91.67%.

关键词： 数学算法   计算机编程   优化作用  

摘要： 首先对数学算法与计算编程基本含义进行概述,从C语言编程、对象语言、编程模式三个方面入手,对数学算法对计算机编程的优化作用进行解析,并以此为依据,提出数学算法对计算机编程的应用对策。

关键词： 高考命题   算法   数学   实际应用问题   计算机学科   基础知识   命题原则   知识网络  

摘要： “算法初步”是新课标数学新增板块,它既是数学领域的重要内容,也是计算机学科的基础知识.“算法初步”与函数、数列、概率、统计、实际应用问题都能较好地结合,符合“在知识网络交会处设计试题”的命题原则,是全国和各地方高考命题的新“靓点”,甚至成了必考题.笔者结合近几年高考数学全国卷Ⅰ中“算法初步”试题,阐述对这类试题的些许见解.

关键词： 参数学习   威胁评估   离散动态贝叶斯网络   遗传算法   无人水下航行器   决策  

摘要： 针对复杂海洋环境下存在不确定事件对无人水下航行器自主作业和安全性所带来的威胁。本文设计了基于动态贝叶斯网络的威胁评估模型和决策推理模型,采用遗传算法实现了离散动态贝叶斯网络参数学习,最终得到最优的模型参数,进而增强了推理模型对海洋环境的快速反应能力。仿真实验结果证明:提出的算法可以得到真实的离散动态贝叶斯网络参数,能够有效地解决复杂海洋环境下UUV威胁评估问题,为UUV的自主任务决策提供有效的参数保障。

关键词： Feature extraction   Water body extraction   Satellite image processing   Mathematical morphology  

摘要： The detection and extraction of water bodies from satellite imagery is very important and useful for several planning and developmental activities such as shoreline identification, mapping riverbank erosion, watershed extraction and water resource management. Popular techniques for water body extraction like those based on the normalized difference water index (NDWI) require reflectance information in the green and near-infrared (NIR) bands of the light spectrum. Moreover, some commonly used approaches may perform differently according to the spatial resolution of the images. In this regard, mathematical morphological (MM) techniques for image processing have been employed for spatial feature extraction as they preserve edges and shapes. This study proposes a flexible MM driven approach which is very effective for the extraction of water bodies from several satellite images with different spatial resolution. MM provides effective tools for processing image objects based on size and shape and is particularly adapted for water bodies that have typically specific spatial characteristics. In greater details, the proposed extraction algorithm preserves the actual size and shape of the water bodies since it is based on morphological operators based on geodesic reconstruction. Moreover, the choice of the filter size (called structural element (SE) in MM) in the proposed algorithm is done dynamically allowing one to retain the most precise results from different set of inputs images of different spatial resolution and swath. The availability of more than one spectral band of satellite imagery is not necessary for the proposed algorithm as it utilizes only a single band for its computation. This makes it convenient to apply in single band imageries obtained from satellites such as Cartosat thereby making the proposed approach effective over commonly used methods. The accuracy assessment was carried out and compared with the maximum likelihood (ML) classifier and methods base