关键词： 软件工程   离散数学   建模算法   案例   DFS算法  

摘要： 针对应用型本科高校软件工程专业离散数学课程教学过程中存在的问题,分析原因所在,提出建模算法思维的引入,将经典问题的建模过程和算法求解融入教学中,提高学生算法设计能力,从而系统地帮助学生用专业知识解决实际问题,打通离散数学与软件工程专业之间的任督二脉。

关键词： 救援物资分配   数学规划   目标数量   “府际”关系  

摘要： 为了提高救援物资利用率、减少各种损失与缓解幸存者痛苦,如何采用数学规划方法优化救援物资分配策略是当前亟待解决的重要问题。根据目标数量和"府际"关系两个准则梳理了救援物资分配数学规划模型的研究现状,综述了救援物资分配优化模型求解算法的研究进展,总结并指出了救援物资分配优化问题未来的研究方向。研究表明:构建救援物资分配优化支撑框架是必要的,而且救援物资分配优化模型从单目标规划向多目标规划延伸,救援物资分配问题的研究视角从横向"府际"关系向纵向"府际"关系转变,从确定条件下的救援物资分配优化问题向不确定条件下的救援物资分配优化问题发展,从传统的救援物资分配优化问题向融入可持续发展理念的救援物资分配问题转变,从精确算法向启发式算法设计解法发展,将大数据、数字孪生、区块链等新信息与通信技术(ICT)应用于构建救援物资分配模型都是必要的。

关键词： 基础教育   数的认识   中国数学史   中小学数学教学   运算法则   正负数   初中数学教科书   负负得正  

摘要： 在中小学数学教学中,关于数的认识和发展贯穿于整个基础教育中,是一个重要内容.随着学生数学学习的深入,对数的认识也越来越深刻.在此过程中,负数是教学重点和难点之一.考察现行初中数学教科书,可以发现教科书在引人负数时,大多以方向来引人负数,比如:“如果规定向东为正,那么向西5千米为-5千米.”但这种解释并没有体现负数的本质.从数的历史发展来看,最早我国古代数学家引人负数是由于运算的需要,而不是表示事物不同属性的需要[1].教科书中用方向来解释,可以帮助学生理解数的负数概念的一个方面,但不是负数的本质.同时,将负数与运动方向对应,无法解释为什么正数大于负数及为什么“负负得正”.

关键词： Hybrid algorithms   Intelligent optimization   Mathematical modeling   PSO-GA   Submerged arc welding  

摘要： In the original publication, the fourth author name was incorrectly published.

关键词： Color harmony algorithm   Global optimization   Metaheuristic   Population-based optimization  

摘要： In the last 3 decades, metaheuristic algorithms have received more popularity because of their superior performance to solve large and complex optimization problems. Most of these algorithms are inspired by biological phenomena, social behavior of animals, science and art. Among these four sources, the last one is utilized only by one algorithm. In this paper, we propose another novel art-inspired population-based metaheuristic, called color harmony algorithm (CHA), for solving the global optimization problems. The proposed method models its search behavior through combining harmonic colors based on their relative positions around the hue circle in the Munsell color system and harmonic templates. We utilize simultaneously four different fitness information to construct the hue groups, which improve search ability of the algorithm. CHA has two different phases including the concentration phase and the dispersion phase which are employed to explore and exploit the search space. The performance of the proposed method has been examined using several benchmark test functions commonly used in the literature. To show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method, the results are compared with those obtained using ten well-known metaheuristic algorithms. Also, the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test is conducted to measure the pair-wise statistical performances of the algorithms. The results indicate that besides the simplicity of the proposed algorithm, CHA can outperform the other considered algorithms in terms of the convergence speed and the number of function evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： Mixed-model assembly line   Human-robot collaboration   Bee algorithm   Artificial bee colony algorithm   Mixed-integer linear programming  

摘要： The collaboration of human workers and robots draws increasing attention from the manufacturing enterprises to embrace the Industry 4.0 paradigm in a competitive way. Motivated by the requirements of collaboration between human workers and robots in assembly lines, this study investigates the mixed-model assembly line balancing (MMALB) problem with the collaboration between human workers and robots. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is formulated to tackle the small-size problems optimally to minimize the sum of cycle times of models. Also, bee algorithm (BA) and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm are implemented and improved to solve the large-size problems due to the NP-hardness of this problem. The proposed BA algorithm utilizes a new employed bee phase to accelerate the evolution of the swarm and new scout phase to escape from being trapped into local optima and produce a high-quality and diverse population. The developed ABC proposes a new onlooker phase to accelerate the evolution of the whole swarm by removing the poor-quality solutions, new scout phase to achieve high-quality solutions while preserving the diversity of the swarm, and local search to enhance exploitation capacity. Computational study on a set of generated instances indicates that the improvements enhance the BA and ABC algorithm by a significant margin, and the proposed BA and ABC algorithm achieve competing performance in comparison with nine other algorithms, including the late acceptance hill-climbing algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, discrete cuckoo search algorithm, the original bee algorithm, and three artificial bee colony algorithms. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metaheuristic optimization   Interactive autodidactic school   Mathematical optimization   Structural optimization  

摘要： A new efficient and robust metaheuristic algorithm called "Interactive Autodidactic School (IAS)" is proposed in this paper to solve numerical optimization and structural design optimization problems. IAS is a population-based algorithm on the basis of the interactions between students in an autodidactic school with the goal of increasing their knowledge through a combination of self-teaching/self-learning, interactive discussion, criticism, and the competition. IAS is tested in twenty mathematical optimization and seven structural optimization problems. Subsequently, its optimum solution is compared with other well-known optimization algorithms. The obtained results confirmed that the proposed IAS algorithm gives best optimal solution and has excellent performance compared with other optimization methods. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 人脸识别   肤色建模   五官定位  

摘要： 为了人脸识别技术进一步快速定位人脸,改善了肤色色彩空间的聚合性多样复杂问题。本文提出了一种建立人脸位置的判断模型的方法,利用肤色色彩空间YCrCb建模,建立肤色高斯模型,进而得到黑白二值图,利用二值图计算单个像素的肤色相似性从而得到一个灰度图,较好解决肤色相似问题,缩小范围后进行眼睛、嘴巴精确定位,最终获得人脸定位。基于实验结果,此方法能有效识别人脸位置,且相较于以往方法更加简单可行。

关键词： 中职   计算机专业   数学课堂   算法教学  

摘要： 中职教育的专业划分更为精细,且对学生专业知识的掌握要求也更高,因此中职计算机专业的教学要求学生能够扎实地掌握计算机方面的理论知识与实操技能,数学作为计算机专业的基础课程,对专业的学习具有较大的影响作用,而算法教育更是计算机专业向更深层次学习的基础,对此我们要对中职计算机专业数学课堂的算法教学方法提高重视,不断探索算法教学的更好方法,以此来提高数学课堂算法的教学质量,进而保证学生对计算机相关知识的学习与掌握[1].