关键词： 数学形态学   红外灰度图像   小目标检测  

摘要： 针对红外成像制导跟踪的目标具有低信噪比、且背景和噪声干扰信息严重的特点,设计了一种基于数学形态学的红外灰度图像小目标检测识别算法。实验表明,该算法能够大大提高目标的信噪比,去除背景和噪声干扰,保留目标的灰度信息,满足系统的实时性要求,是一种有效的红外灰度图像小目标检测算法。

关键词： 给水管网   优化设计   并行遗传算法   期望时流量  

摘要： 文章考虑峰谷电价和用水量变化曲线的影响,建立了以期望时流量设计给水管网的数学模型,应用并行遗传算法(PGA)对给水管网进行优化设计计算。计算中将整个群体划分为几个子群体,各自独立进化,选择、交叉和变异算子及其它参数都做了相应改进。通过工程实例分析,证实了并行遗传算法的有效性以及以期望时流量设计管网的合理性。

关键词： 平台   任务   任务计划   多优先级动态列表规划(MPLDS)  

摘要： 以多兵种联合作战战役计划为例,在定义任务和作战平台模型的基础上,对战役计划问题进行了数学描述.在定义平台能力矢量与任务需求矢量距离的基础上,基于新的搜索策略提出了多优先级列表动态规划算法(MPLDS),并针对战役案例分析比较了MPLDS与MDSL算法的求解结果与计算性能.

关键词： 数学形态学   骨架线   栅格化   细化算法   矢量化  

摘要： 地图数字化生产和数字地图编绘中都需要用到提取骨架线算法,如矢量化和等级变换等。提取骨架线的算法较多,基于栅格数据的算法通常采用数学形态学方法,对于矢量数据目前较有代表性的是利用约束Delau-nay三角网提取骨架线。本文给出一种利用数学形态学提取骨架线的改进算法,适用于栅格和矢量数据,并能在矢量化时建立高质量的拓扑关系,还较好地克服了数学形态学方法的缺点——节点畸变和端点内缩。实验表明该算法稳定且行之有效。

关键词： 计算机算法   算法语言   数学教学   方程组教学   课程整合   建构主义  

摘要： 算法是计算机科学的理论核心,有人称计算机为“具体化”的数学。虽然我国有着悠久的算法历史,但直到新的《高中数学课程标准》之前,我们的数学课程并没有提出诸如程序、框图、算法语言等与算法有关的内容,更不用说,把算法思想渗透到数学教学中去。\n 简单的说,算法是完成某项工作的一系列步骤,算法思想是程序化思想；算法思想渗透下的数学教学有利于培养学生良好的思维习惯和思维方式、有利于培养学生应用数学的意识和提高他们非智力因素的发展。施万克认知结构差异理论、问题解决和建构主义为算法思想渗透下的数学教学提供了理论指导。现代数学教学还存在一些不合理之处,教学内容与实际结合较少,教学过程过于注重知识的传授而忽视方法的传授,算法数学的地位还有待于进一步提高等。我国的数学是以构造性、算法化和机械化为特征的,同时方程(组)的教学在整个数学教育中占有非常重要的地位,并且方程与算法的联系也很紧密,所以我们把算法思想渗透到方程(组)中的教学是符合我国的实际情况,也是现代数学教育发展的一种需要。算法思想渗透下的方程(组)的教学可采用如下的模式:\n 创设问题情境→组织并解决问题→总结形成算法→练习巩固、上机调试(有条件的)；在具体的操作中还要考虑算法的多样化和算法的最优化。

关键词： mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints   SQP algorithm   successive approximation   system of linear equations   global convergence   superlinear convergence rate  

摘要： In this paper, MPEC problems with linear complementarity constraints are considered. By means of Fischer-Burmeister function, the linear complementarity condition is transformed into a nonsmooth equation. Then, during the iteration, a corresponding smooth system approximates the nonsmooth equation. The smooth optimization is solved by SQP algorithm for standard constrained optimization. Global convergence and superlinear convergence rate are established under some suitable assumptions. Moreover, we conclude that the current iterate point is an exact stationary point of the MPEC problem when the proposed algorithm stops in finite iteration. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Algorithms  

摘要： An efficient algorithm is designed for digital implementation of any regular sampled SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) switching pattern for single phase full-bridge inverter application.. The hardware and software of the scheme are built-around the 8-bit general-purpose microprocessor. Complete mathematical analysis of meeting points and duty cycle for SPWM is developed for the performance verification of the algorithm. The suggested time ratio recursion (TRR) algorithm generates the PWM patterns with close agreements with theoretical results, and is a universal one applicable to the modified PWM patterns viz. HPWM (hybrid pulse width modulation), TEHPWM (thermal equalization hybrid pulse width modulation), etc. TRR takes reduced number of comparisons as compared with the linear search (used in many microprocessor-based control circuits) and hence converges at a faster rate.

关键词： molecular conformation   geometric constraint   pharmacophore   algebraic algorithm   symbolic-numerical method  

摘要： Several problems in computational chemistry, structural molecular biology, and biological chemistry can be solved by symbolic-numerical algorithms. We introduce suitable algebraic tools and then survey their usage in concrete applications. In particular, questions on molecular structure can be modeled by systems of polynomial equations, mainly by drawing on techniques from robot kinematics. Resultant-based algorithms, including sparse resultants and their matrix formulae, are described in order to reduce the solving of polynomial systems to numerical linear algebra. As an illustration, we focus on computing all conformations of cyclic molecules and on matching pharmacophores under distance constraints;in both cases, the number of independent degrees of freedom is relatively small. We summarize some existing results as well as sketch some original work. Both lead to complete and accurate solutions for those problems in the sense that our algorithms output all solutions with sufficiently high precision for the needs of biochemical applications. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Computer graphics  

摘要： The Computer Graphics is one of the core and difficult subjects of Computer discipline. It involves mathematics (coordinate geometry), hardware and complicated mathematical algorithms. To teach the working of the complicated algorithms using blackboard is a difficult. On the top of that, three-dimensional concepts cannot be explained with the help of traditional black board teaching techniques. To develop the e-learning product for such subject is a difficult task. Lot of research is going on to develop efficient system to teach this subject with the help of latest technologies. This study describes a new technique for developing e-learning software for such a difficult subject. The main objectives of this work are to provide most effective and time efficient e-learning solution to teach Computer Graphics to the students of computer discipline with the help of innovative e-learning methods, latest tools and technologies. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

关键词： 遥感图像   数学形态学   边缘检测   腐蚀   膨胀  

摘要： 数字图像处理是指将一幅图像变为另一幅经过改进的图像,边缘检测是图像处理的一个重要方向。图像边缘包含了图像的位置、轮廓等特征,是图像的基本特征之一,常被用于较高层次的特征描述、图像分割、图像增强、图像复原、模式识别、图像压缩等分析和处理中,以便对图像进行进一步的分析和理解。因此,众多学者一直致力于图像边缘检测理论与实践的研究,并形成了许多行之有效的检测方法。 图像的边缘是指图像中相邻像素点之间的灰度有较显著变化的地方的描述,这种变化可以用数学上的梯度来表征。本文比较详细的研究了基于微分理论的几种传统的和新兴的边缘检测方法,客观的分析了它们的优缺点,并给出了实验结果。在此基础上,对运用形态学的思想进行图像的边缘检测进行了深入的研究。文中介绍了数学形态学的起源、发展,并从二值形态学运算出发到灰度形态学,着重研究了数学形态学的膨胀、腐蚀、开启运算、闭合运算等各种运算和性质。通过分析和大量实验选择了一组具有代表性的结构元素,从而构造出新的遥感图像边缘检测算法,并通过MATLAB仿真,证明该算法具有较好的实时性和抗干扰性。 本文的研究最终实现了运用数学形态学方法对遥感图像进行噪声的滤除,准确的检测出了遥感图像的边缘。通过对仿真结果的分析,总结出了算法在各方面的性能和存在的问题,为进一步的研究积累了经验。