关键词： 评估   模糊数学   模糊积分模型   虹膜特征提取  

摘要： 提出了一种运用模糊数学进行的虹膜特征提取算法评估的方案,并通过实验证明了该方案的有效性和实用性。

关键词： 椭圆方程   五点差分格式   热传导方程  

摘要： 许多物理现象中的稳定过程都归结为椭圆型微分方程,差分法是解椭圆型微分方程的重要方法.首先给出了解椭圆型微分方程五点差分格式的算法框架,然后对数学物理问题中的热传导方程及附加条件作差分逼近,求出其数值解,最后将理论应用于实际中去,在实践中得到可行性的检验.

关键词： 算法   数学教学   高职教育   计算机专业   算法学习报告  

摘要： 算法是数学及其应用的重要组成部分,是计算科学的重要基础,在现代社会发挥着越来越大的作用。对于高职计算机专业的学生来说,算法的学习尤为重要,因为它是学习程序设计语言等专业课的基础。可是,现在的高职数学教材没有这一内容,并且在实际教学中数学理论与专业课程之间严重脱节,让学生觉得数学学习学之无用。因此在高职计算机专业的数学教学中加入算法内容,可以让学生在初步感受算法思想的基础上,结合对具体数学实例的分析,撰写算法学习报告,体验程序框图在解决问题中的作用,为学习程序设计语言等专业课程打下坚实的基础。

关键词： 数学形态学   小波变换   滤波   Matlab仿真   边缘检测算法  

摘要： 针对传统边缘检测方法去噪效果不理想的情况,分别对数学形态学和小波变换基本理论进行了分析,提出了一种基于数学形态学和小波变换的边缘检测方法。首先利用数学形态学基本运算对含有噪声的图像进行滤波,然后利用小波变换原理提取图像边缘。通过Matlab仿真分析,对比其他几种边缘检测算法,验证了该方法能够有效地检测出图像的边缘。

关键词： Agent技术   数学形态学   灰度膨胀   结构元素   灰度腐蚀   空间聚类算法  

摘要： 空间数据复杂多变、数据量庞大,且数据分析较为困难。为解决该问题,提出一种基于多主体技术和数学形态学灰度形态运算的聚类算法。将结构元素作为智能个体,Agent根据其所处空间位置环境的Moore Neighborhood值或VN Neighborhood值,采用OCC算子自主选择做灰度膨胀或腐蚀运算。实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的准确性、可靠性和灵活性,能对任意聚类形状进行快速聚类。

关键词： 线粒体,数学形态学,噪声滤除,边缘检测  

摘要： 分析线粒体电镜图像的特点,对其进行预处理,用线性结构元素进行运算,初步获取图像边缘,接着得到二值图像,再用方形结构元素进行运算,减少图像中的无用信息,通过开运算和闭运算滤波去噪并填充边缘缺口,最后对图像进行骨骼化处理,得到清晰约简的线粒体边缘。实验结果表明,该算法能较好的实现线粒体电镜图像的边缘检测,为后续的目标识别提供了良好的基础。

关键词： Algorithmic randomness   Reverse mathematics   Dominated convergence  

摘要： We analyze the pointwise convergence of a sequence of computable elements of L-1(2(omega)) in terms of algorithmic randomness. We consider two ways of expressing the dominated convergence theorem and show that, over the base theory RCA(0), each is equivalent to the assertion that every G(delta) subset of Cantor space with positive measure has an element. This last statement is, in turn, equivalent to weak weak Konig's lemma relativized to the Turing jump of any set. It is also equivalent to the conjunction of the statement asserting the existence of a 2-random relative to any given set and the principle of Sigma(2) collection. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Production scheduling   Mixed integer programming   Project scheduling   Metaheuristic algorithms  

摘要： This paper describes a real problem in a market-driven medium sized foundry delivering a wide range of castings to different markets. The problem consists of finding an efficient production plan to schedule the different processes (moulding, furnacing, cutting, tooling, etc.) needed to the manufacture of the pieces. Different objectives and resources and technical constraints must be taken into account. To solve this problem we have first developed a more classical integer linear programming approach based on a rolling horizon strategy. The most innovative contribution of the paper is that it models the problem as a project scheduling problem. Based on this model we present a metaheuristic algorithm that adapts techniques from the area. Computational experiments comparing both approaches are provided on instances created by a generator simulating real instances.

关键词： Geometric Algebra   Motor   Kinematic Equation   Strapdown Inertial Navigation System Algorithm  

摘要： This paper develops the strapdown inertial navigation system (SDINS) algorithm by using geometric algebra (GA). The kinematic equation of the motor is derived and applied to design the GA-based navigation kinematic equations. These equations combine the attitude and velocity/position integrations which are treated respectively in the traditional SDINS algorithm, and they can be solved by normal differential equation methods. The consistency of the presented algorithm with the traditional algorithm is justified. Simulations are carried out under both ideal and nonideal inertial sensor configurations. The results show that this proposed algorithm can improve the navigation precision remarkably, and restrain the errors caused by the maneuver of the vehicle apparently. Therefore, it is more suitable for navigation systems with high-precision and high-maneuver requirements.

关键词： Biological physics Medical physics  

摘要： Women with mostly mammographically dense fibroglandular tissue (breast density, BD) have a four-to six-fold increased risk for breast cancer compared to women with little BD. BD is most frequently estimated from two-dimensional (2D) views of mammograms by a histogram segmentation approach (HSM) and more recently by a mathematical algorithm consisting of mammographic imaging parameters (MATH). Two non-invasive clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols: 3D gradient-echo (3DGRE) and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) were modified for 3D volumetric reconstruction of the breast for measuring fatty and fibroglandular tissue volumes by a Gaussian-distribution curve-fitting algorithm. Replicate breast exams (N = 2 to 7 replicates in six women) by 3DGRE and STIR were highly reproducible for all tissue-volume estimates (coefficients of variation < 5%). Reliability studies compared measurements from four methods, 3DGRE, STIR, HSM, and MATH (N = 95 women) by linear regression and intra-class correlation (ICC) analyses. Rsqr, regression slopes, and ICC, respectively, were (1) 0.76-0.86, 0.8-1.1, and 0.87-0.92 for %-gland tissue, (2) 0.72-0.82, 0.64-0.96, and 0.77-0.91, for glandular volume, (3) 0.87-0.98, 0.94-1.07, and 0.89-0.99, for fat volume, and (4) 0.89-0.98, 0.94-1.00, and 0.89-0.98, for total breast volume. For all values estimated, the correlation was stronger for comparisons between the two MRI than between each MRI versus mammography, and between each MRI versus MATH data than between each MRI versus HSM data. All ICC values were >0.75 indicating that all four methods were reliable for measuring BD and that the mathematical algorithm and the two complimentary non-invasive MRI protocols could objectively and reliably estimate different types of breast tissues.