关键词： 直播电商   虚假宣传   法律规制   引人误解   实质性关联  

摘要： 本文以多部法律为框架,结合典型案例和国内外经验,对直播电商虚假宣传的法律规制困境进行了系统分析。研究发现,法律适用存在一些核心问题,如“虚假”与“引人误解”标准分离、主体责任模糊等。国外的一些经验,如美国的“实质性关联”披露制度、韩国的e-Trust认证以及德国的“结果导向”立法,可为中国提供借鉴。基于此,本文提出了完善建议,包括在立法层面明确“引人误解”为核心标准并强制披露利益关系,在监管层面构建协同机制并推行信用评价和AI实时监测,在消费者层面优化举证责任和七日无理由退货制度。本文的创新性在于将主播定位为“广告荐证人”并引入技术赋能监管,为破解直播电商虚假宣传难题提供了理论支撑和制度路径。未来,还需进一步探索区块链存证、跨境协同治理等方向,推动法律规制与数字经济业态的动态适配。This paper systematically analyzes the legal regulatory challenges of false advertising in live streaming e-commerce, using a multi-legal framework, combined with typical cases and domestic and international experiences. The study identifies core issues in the application of the law, such as the separation of standards for “false” and “misleading” claims, and the ambiguity of subject responsibility. International experiences, such as the U.S. “material connection” disclosure system, South Korea’s e-Trust certification, and Germany’s “outcome-oriented” legislation, can provide valuable references for China. Based on these findings, the paper proposes improvement suggestions, including clarifying “misleading” as the core standard and mandating the disclosure of interest relationships at the legislative level, constructing a collaborative mechanism and implementing credit evaluation and AI real-time monitoring at the regulatory level, and optimizing the burden of proof and the seven-day no-reason return system at the consumer level. The innovation of this paper lies in positioning the host as an “advertising endorser” and introducing technology-enabled regulation, providing theoretical support and institutional pathways for solving the problem of false advertising in live streaming e-commerce. Future research should further explore directions such as blockchain evidence storage and cross-border collaborative governance to promote the dynamic adaptation of legal regulations to the digital economy.

关键词： 社交媒体   虚假信息   法律规制   困境   突破路径  

摘要： 在当今数字化时代,社交媒体已深度融入人们的生活,成为信息传播的关键渠道。然而,社交媒体虚假信息传播问题日益严峻,其影响范围广泛且危害巨大。本文立足于社交媒体虚假信息传播现状,从法律规制的必要性、困境、突破路径逻辑关系入手,对社交媒体虚假信息传播法律规制相关问题进行了深入思考,以期为相关主体提供有益参考与借鉴。

关键词： 第三方电子支付平台责任   责任认定与归责   监管机制  

摘要： 随着第三方电子支付平台业务的不断拓展和交易规模的持续增长,其法律责任界定不清的问题日益凸显,引发一系列亟待解决的问题。本文将在已有研究的基础上,深入探讨第三方电子支付平台在不同场景下的法律责任,结合最新法律法规,提出更加明确、具体的责任认定标准和完善建议,以期为第三方电子支付行业的健康发展提供有力的法律支持。With the continuous expansion of the third-party electronic payment platform business and the continuous growth of the transaction scale, the problem of the unclear definition of its legal responsibility has become increasingly prominent, causing a series of urgent problems to be solved. From the theoretical perspective, an in-depth study of the legal responsibility of the third-party e-payment platform is helpful to enrich and improve the theoretical system of financial law, e-commerce law and other related legal fields, and fill the gap of law in the emerging payment field. From the perspective of practice, clarifying the legal responsibility of the third-party electronic payment platform can provide strong enforcement basis for regulatory authorities, strengthen the regulation and supervision of the payment industry, and maintain the market order, and can provide clear code of conduct for platform operators to strengthen risk management and internal control, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of users. On the basis of the existing research, this paper will deeply discuss the legal responsibilities of the third-party electronic payment platforms in different scenarios, combined with the latest laws and regulations, put forward more clear and specific responsibility identification standards and improvement suggestions, in order to provide strong legal support for the healthy development of the third-party electronic payment industry.

关键词： 公共数据授权运营   公法私法协同   授权运营协议   数据市场建设  

摘要： “非此即彼”地将公共数据授权运营定性为“行政许可”或“行政协议”的“公法主导论”,不仅不符合公共数据授权运营的阶段化特征,也难以识别和规制政府在公共数据授权运营中的权力滥用行为。基于“公法与私法交叉”和“授权与运营相继”的特征,公共数据授权运营可形成“授权决定作出”与“运营协议签订履行”的“双阶构造”。授权决定作出阶段,授权主体与运营主体形成行政许可关系,受行政法调整。运营协议签订履行阶段,可依据运营目的是公益性还是营利性将授权运营协议区分为行政协议与民事合同,并分别受行政法和民法调整。这种纵向分阶调整与横向类型适配的制度构造,既可防范行政权力在准入阶段的恣意行使,又能激活市场机制在运营阶段的要素配置功能,最终形成公共数据授权运营的公法私法协同治理格局。

关键词： 经济学   法律   理性思维   均衡利润   投资民间借贷  

摘要： 经济学与法律虽然是两个学科,却有着密不可分的关系。以经济学的视角来看与经济活动相关的法律事件:一是要以理性的思维追逐市场均衡利润。二是以经济法律思维去防范风险。由此,经济学理论对投资借贷等的启示:一是要以经济学的理性思维去思考市场活动。二是经济学的理性和法律思维的作用在于提前预防。在我国新发展阶段下,要对民间投资领域,进行合理引导与规范,一是要大力普及经济学理论与常识,二是要建立健全经济法律保障网络。

关键词： 车电分离   保险标的物   所有权   使用权  

摘要： 新能源汽车车电分离模式颠覆了传统物权框架,电池资产呈现“所有权—使用权”分离与“物理—数据”二元属性叠加的法律特征。保险标的认定标准应突破实体中心主义,向性能衰减保障与数据完整性承保延伸,开发“电池护照保险”“换电责任链保险”等保险产品。风险分配模型构建需统筹时间、空间、主体三维变量,通过动态校准机制实现全周期风险的社会化分摊。法律解释方面,《中华人民共和国保险法》第十二条应被扩张解释,将使用权利益纳入可保范畴,合同解释可采用“技术性不利解释”原则平衡信息不对称。

关键词： 跨境电商零售进口   税收法律体系   税收征管体系  

摘要： 我国跨境电商零售进口在数字技术与消费升级驱动下迅猛发展,但税收法律体系滞后于新兴业态创新,面临立法适配性不足的挑战。2018年《电子商务法》首次将跨境电商纳入法律框架,明确其互联网进出口贸易属性,但相关税收规则仍依赖传统贸易法律法规,难以匹配新型商业模式需求。当前实践存在纳税主体模糊代收责任不清致征管失灵、税制差异致商家套利、征管漏洞致税源流失和监管协同不足风险防控薄弱四大问题。建议通过明确纳税主体、完善进口税收制度优化惠企政策、完善跨境电商进口税收征管体系和建立全流程进口监管体系等措施,系统性完善税收法律框架。未来我国需继续立足本土实践、借鉴国际经验,为跨境电商高质量发展营造法治化、公平化的税收环境。China’s cross-border e-commerce retail import is developing rapidly driven by digital technology and consumption upgrading, but the tax legal system lags behind the innovation of emerging business forms and is faced with the challenge of insufficient legislative adaptation. In 2018, the E-commerce Law incorporated cross-border e-commerce into the legal framework for the first time, clarifying its nature of Internet import and export trade. However, the relevant tax rules still rely on traditional trade regulations, and it is difficult to match the needs of new business models. In current practice, there are four major problems: the unclear tax collection and management failure, the arbitrage of tax difference, the loss of tax sources caused by tax collection and management loopholes, insufficient supervision coordination and weak risk prevention and control. It is suggested that the tax legal framework should be systematically improved by clarifying the tax payers, unifying the import tax system, formulating preferential tax policies, improving the import tax collection and management system of cross-border e-commerce, and establishing the whole-process import supervision system. In the future, based on international experience and local practice, we should create a law-based and fair tax environment for the high-quality development of cross-border e-commerce.

关键词： 生育保险   功能定位   基本医疗保险   完全整合型模式   差别普惠  

摘要： 生育保险法律制度作为修法完善的前提,可以从功能定位和体系定位两方面来考量。前者为生育保障的本质功能和计划生育保障的延展功能,框定生育保险法律制度的内容可使其区别于育儿假、育儿津贴为主的家庭福利制度,后者则取决于生育保险与基本医疗保险整合的制度模式选择。我国生育保险与基本医疗保险整合可以通过采纳完全整合型模式框定彼此的制度定位,这也意味着需要重构基本医疗保险与生育保险的规则体系,即设置“基本医疗(生育)保险”章目,以通用规则、基本医疗给付(含生育医疗给付)与生育津贴给付规则的构造,实现基本医疗保险的全民普惠与生育津贴区分职工、灵活就业人员、城乡居民的差别发放。

关键词： 电商直播   法律监管   现状   问题   对策  

摘要： 近年来,电商直播凭借其互动性强、转化率高的特点,迅速成为我国数字经济的重要组成部分。当前的电商直播行业乱象丛生,法律框架的碎片化规则支撑不起复杂的电商直播行业,虽然国家的执法力度在加大,《广告法》《电子商务法》等现有法律框架也对部分问题有所约束,但行业仍面临法律体系碎片化、主体责任划分不清、监管机制滞后以及消费者维权困难等挑战。本文结合当前监管政策动向与典型案例,提出了相对应的建议,分别是构建体系化的专门法律框架,明确责任主体与行为规范、优化整合监管机构以及全程保障消费者权益。In recent years, e-commerce live broadcast has quickly become an important part of China’s digital economy with its strong interactivity and high conversion rate. The current e-commerce live broadcast industry is chaotic and reborn. The fragmented rules of the legal framework cannot support the complex e-commerce live broadcast industry. Although the country’s law enforcement is increasing, the existing legal frameworks such as the Advertising Law and the E-commerce Law are also constrained by some problems, the industry still faces the fragmentation of the legal system and the main responsibility. Challenges such as unclear division, lagging regulatory mechanism and difficulties in consumer protection. This article combines the current regulatory policy trends and typical cases, and puts forward corresponding suggestions, namely, to build a systematic special legal framework, clarify the responsible subject and code of conduct, optimize and integrate the regulatory authorities, and protect the rights and interests of consumers throughout the whole process.

关键词： 数字货币   企业转型   法律风险  

摘要： 数字贸易环境之下,货币在跨境支付中的形态已发生改变,衍生出数字货币的理念。随着数字货币的广泛应用,其匿名化、去中心化以及跨区域流通的特征对企业经营提出新挑战。当前法律框架滞后于技术发展,企业在追求支付效率、合法合规与金融稳定之间难以维持平衡,对数字货币应用于支付结算的态度呈现显著分化。为防范企业数字化转型面临的法律风险,基于区块链技术与传统法律规则的适配机制,为企业应对数字货币变革提供兼具理论深度与实践价值的解决方案。In the digital trade environment, the form of currency in cross-border payment has changed, giving rise to the concept of digital currency. With the wide application of digital currency, its characteristics of anonymity, decentralization and cross-regional circulation pose new challenges to business operations. The current legal framework lags behind technological development. Enterprises find it difficult to strike a balance among the pursuit of payment efficiency, legal compliance and financial stability. As a result, their attitudes towards the application of digital currencies in payment and settlement show significant divergence. To prevent legal risks faced by enterprises in their digital transformation, based on the adaptation mechanism of blockchain technology and traditional legal rules, this paper provides a solution that is both theoretically profound and practically valuable for enterprises to cope with the changes brought by digital currency.