关键词： alendronate   aluminum trichloride   Alzheimer&apos   s disease   amyloid‐   beta   d‐   galactose   GSK‐   3β  

摘要： Neurological disturbances including cholinergic dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairments are the well-reported consequences of old age-related disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD) or dementia. Bisphosphonates were shown to ameliorate dementia in osteoporotic patients, neuroinflammation, and cholinesterase activity in rodents. Thus, the present study has been designed to examine the role of alendronate against cognitive and neurological disturbances in mice induced by a combined oral dose of d-galactose and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) for 6 weeks. d-galactose acts as a senescence agent, whereas AlCl3 is a neurotoxin and in combination generates neuropathologies and cognitive depletion resembling aging and AD. It was found that memory was markedly impaired in d-galactose + AlCl3-treated mice as assessed in different behavioral paradigms. Additionally, d-galactose + AlCl3 led to neurotoxicity assessed on the basis of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, glial cell activation, neuronal damage, and augmented GSK-3 beta level in mice hippocampus. Consequently, alendronate administration orally for 15 days in d-galactose + AlCl3-exposed mice prominently reversed all these behavioral and neuropathological changes. These findings show that alendronate can be a potential therapeutic molecule with multiple targets for the management of age-related neurological disorders such as AD.

关键词： Developmental venous anomaly   Transient ischemic attack       Intracerebral steal phenomenon   Asymptomatic vascular malformation  

摘要： We report a symptomatic developmental venous anomaly (DVA) not causing parenchymal abnormality to provide a pathophysiologic clue in patients with recurrent transient neurologic deficit. A 32-year-old male presented with recurrent transient motor aphasia and headache in the left fronto-temporal region for three years. The symptoms usually lasted for one hour. Brain computed tomography (CT) angiography and magnetic resonance imaging using gradient recalled echo showed a prominent penetrating vein at the left frontal periventricular region. Brain CT perfusion imaging performed during the symptoms revealed increased perfusion in the corresponding area with relatively decreased perfusion in the left fronto-temporal cortices. Digital subtraction angiography revealed collecting venous blood from the left septal and thalamostriate veins draining into the left cavernous sinus without early arteriovenous shunting. In this patient, an inciting incident might have led to imbalance of the venous flow surrounding the DVA, causing venous hypertension and the intracerebral steal phenomenon in the surrounding area. The relatively hypoperfused cortical area adjacent to the DVA could be considered the cause of the transient motor aphasia, while venous hypertension could be the cause of the headache. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zika virus   Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS)   Microcephaly   TRPV1 receptors   Capsaicin   TRPV1 modulators   Inflammation   TRPV1 mediated nociception   Pain   Oxidative stress  

摘要： Zika virus was declared a national emergency by WHO (World Health Organization) in 2016 when its widespread outbreaks and life-threatening complications were reported, especially in newborns and adults. Numerous studies reported that neuroinflammation is one of the significant root-causes behind its major neurological complications like microcephaly and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). In this hypothesis, we propose Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 channel (TRPV1) as a major culprit in triggering positive inflammatory loop, ultimately leading to sustained neuroinflammation, one of the key clinical findings in Zika induced microcephalic and GBS patients. Opening of TRPV1 channel also leads to calcium influx and oxidative stress that ultimately results in cellular apoptosis (like Schwann cell in GBS and developing fetal nerve cells in microcephaly), ultimately leading to these complications. Currently, no specific cure exists for these complications. Most of the antiviral candidates are under clinical trials. Though there is no direct research on TRPV1 as a cause of Zika virus's neurological complications, but similarity in mechanisms is undeniable. Thus, exploring pathobiological involvement of TRPV1 channels and various TRPV1 modulators in these complications can possibly prove to be an effective futuristic therapeutic strategy for treatment and management of these life-threatening complications.

关键词： COVID-19   translational neuroscience   clinical trials   Alzheimer’s disease  

摘要： The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on neuroscientists, including those involved in translational research. In this NeuroView, we discuss the positive and negative effects of the pandemic on preclinical research and studies in humans.

关键词： Stroke   Carotid web  

关键词： GPER   Aging   Memory   Mechanisms  

摘要： Aging-related diseases, especially vascular and neurological disorders cause huge economic burden. How to delay vascular and neurological aging is one of the insurmountable questions. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) has been extensively investigated in recent years due to its multiple biological responses. In this review, the function of GPER in aging-related diseases represented by vascular diseases, and neurological disorders were discussed. Apart from that, activation of GPER was also found to renovate the aging brain characterized by memory decline, but in a manner different from another two nuclear estrogen receptors estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and ER8. This salutary effect would be better clarified from the aspects of synaptic inputs and transmission. Furthermore, we carefully described molecular mechanisms underpinning GPER-mediated effects. This review would update our understanding of GPER in the aging process. Targeting GPER may represent a promising strategy in the aging-related disorders.

关键词： 来源期刊   神经免疫学   科研成果   科研人员   中国学术期刊   中国免疫学会   神经病学   学术性期刊  

摘要： 《中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志》是全国惟一与神经免疫学相关的神经病学学术性期刊,由国家卫健委主管,北京医院、中国免疫学会神经免疫分会主办,国内外公开发行。本刊以从事神经免疫学和神经病学临床和科研人员等为主要读者对象,报道神经疾病领域尤其是神经免疫学领域的科研成果。本刊属中国科技论文统计源期刊、中国科技核心期刊、中国科技引文数据库来源期刊与中国学术期刊综合评价数据库来源期刊等。

关键词： 神经解剖学   神经病学   神经外科学   教研室主任   神经生理学   上海医学院   人体解剖学   医学院院长  

摘要： 由耶鲁大学神经学、神经生理学及神经外科学教授哈尔·布鲁门菲尔德(Hal Blumenfeld)编著,空军军医大学人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室暨梁鋪琚脑研究中心主任李云庆教授,西北大学医学院院长、西北大学神经病学系主任、西北大学脑科学研究中心主任赵钢教授,复旦大学附属中山医院党委书记、复旦大学上海医学院神经病学系主任汪昕教授,以及大连医科大学人体解剖学教研室主任隋鸿锦教授共同主译的《临床神经解剖学:病例解析》已于2021年3月由天津科技翻译出版有限公司出版。

关键词： 办刊宗旨   学术刊物   临床神经病学   读者对象   中级人员   学术交流   病例报告   问题解答  

摘要： 《临床神经病学杂志》系国家级神经病学专业性学术刊物,由南京医科大学附属脑科医院主办。刊登内容以临床神经病学为主,兼及有关边缘学科。读者对象以从事临床神经病学专业的高、中级人员为主,也可供内科、儿科、眼科、五官科医师参阅。本刊的办刊宗旨是:面向临床,面向基层,注重实用,鼎力于提高我国临床神经科医师的专业理论及诊疗水平。一、本刊设有专家论坛、述评、论著、学术交流、专题笔谈、综述、讲座、临床病理(例)讨论、教学园地、问题解答、临床研究、病例报告、误诊误治、技术改进等栏目,接受全国各地来稿。

关键词： 肝豆状核变性   内科理论与实践   神经内科   中西医结合   内科专家   神经病学   临床诊疗   学术研究成果  

摘要： 历时近1年,汇聚了全国十多位知名神经病学,内科专家临床诊疗实践、学术研究成果的《内科理论与实践》:肝豆状核变性专刊终于如约面世。专刊首次尝试以一种累及全身多系统(神经系统、消化系统、眼、皮肤等)的疾病——肝豆状核变性[又称威尔逊病(Wilson disease,WD)]为核心,从学科交叉(内科-神经内科相互联系)和中西医结合两个维度对WD的发病机制,诊治实践及最新进展进行了系统总结和介绍。