摘要： Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating neurological event that contributes to the prolonged neurodevelopmental consequences in infants. Therapeutic strategies focused on attenuating neuronal apoptosis in the penumbra appears to be promising. Given the increasingly recognized neuroprotective roles of adipokines in HIE, we investigated the potential anti-apoptotic roles of a novel member of adipokines, Chemerin, in an experimental model of HIE. In the present study, 10-day-old rat pups underwent right common carotid artery ligation followed by 2.5 h hypoxia. At 1 h post hypoxia, pups were intranasally administered with human recombinant chemerin (rh-chemerin). Here, we showed that rh-chemerin prevented the neuronal apoptosis and degeneration as evidenced by the decreased expression of the pro-apoptotic markers, cleaved caspase 3 and Bax, as well as the numbers of FluoroJade C and TUNEL-positive neurons. Furthermore, rh-Chemerin reversed neurological and morphological impairments induced by hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats at 24 h and 4 weeks after HIE. In addition, chemerin-mediated neuronal survival correlated with the elevation of chemerin receptor 23 (chemR23), phosphorylated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2), as well as phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Specific inhibition of chemR23, CAMKK2, and AMPK abolished the anti-apoptotic effects of rh-chemerin at 24 h after HIE, demonstrating that rh-chemerin ameliorated neuronal apoptosis partially via activating chemR23/CAMKK2/AMPK signaling pathway. Neuronal apoptosis is a well-established contributing factor of pathological changes and the neurological impairment after HIE. These results revealed mechanisms of neuroprotection by rh-chemerin, and indicated that activation of chemR23 might be harnessed to protect from neuronal apoptosis in HIE.

关键词： reactive astrocytes   calcium signals   epilepsy   Alexander disease  

摘要： Astrocytes are abundant cells in the brain that regulate multiple aspects of neural tissue homeostasis by providing structural and metabolic support to neurons, maintaining synaptic environments and regulating blood flow. Recent evidence indicates that astrocytes also actively participate in brain functions and play a key role in brain disease by responding to neuronal activities and brain insults. Astrocytes become reactive in response to injury and inflammation, which is typically described as hypertrophy with increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Reactive astrocytes are frequently found in many neurological disorders and are a hallmark of brain disease. Furthermore, reactive astrocytes may drive the initiation and progression of disease processes. Recent improvements in the methods to visualize the activity of reactive astrocytes in situ and in vivo have helped elucidate their functions. Ca2+ signals in reactive astrocytes are closely related to multiple aspects of disease and can be a good indicator of disease severity/state. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning reactive astrocyte Ca2+ signals. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant Ca2+ signals in reactive astrocytes and the functional significance of aberrant Ca2+ signals in neurological disorders.

关键词： 《中文核心期刊要目总览》   文献计量学   神经病学   医学杂志   研究人员   专家评审   精神病学  

摘要： 《中华神经医学杂志》主编:我们谨此郑重通知:依据文献计量学的原理和方法,经研究人员对相关文献的检索、统计和分析,以及学科专家评审,贵刊《中华神经医学杂志》入编《中文核心期刊要目总览》2017年版(即第8版)之“神经病学与精神病学”类的核心期刊。

关键词： Central Nervous System   neonatal diabetes mellitus   KCNJ11 gene   Adults   DIABETES MELLITUS, PERMANENT NEONATAL   Mutation   Delayed milestones   Neurologic Examination   z statistic  

摘要： OBJECTIVECentral nervous system (CNS) features in children with permanent neonatal diabetes (PNDM) due to KCNJ11 mutations have a major impact on affected families. Sulfonylurea therapy achieves outstanding metabolic control but only partial improvement in CNS features. The effects of KCNJ11 mutations on the adult brain and their functional impact are not well understood. We aimed to characterize the CNS features in adults with KCNJ11 PNDM compared with adults with INS *** DESIGN AND METHODSAdults with PNDM due to KCNJ11 mutations (n = 8) or INS mutations (n = 4) underwent a neurological examination and completed standardized neuropsychological tests/questionnaires about development/behavior. Four individuals in each group underwent a brain MRI scan. Test scores were converted to Z scores using normative data, and outcomes were compared between *** individuals with KCNJ11 mutations, neurological examination was abnormal in seven of eight;predominant features were subtle deficits in coordination/motor sequencing. All had delayed developmental milestones and/or required learning support/special schooling. Half had features and/or a clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. KCNJ11 mutations were also associated with impaired attention, working memory, and perceptual reasoning and reduced intelligence quotient (IQ) (median IQ KCNJ11 vs. INS mutations 76 vs. 111, respectively;P = 0.02). However, no structural brain abnormalities were noted on MRI. The severity of these features was related to the specific mutation, and they were absent in individuals with INS ***11 PNDM is associated with specific CNS features that are not due to long-standing diabetes, persist into adulthood despite sulfonylurea therapy, and represent the major burden from KCNJ11 mutations.

关键词： 教学模式   教学效果   临床实习   神经病学   PBL   CBL  

摘要： 目的探讨CBL联合PBL教学模式在皖南医学院弋矶山医院神经内科临床实习中的具体应用及教学效果,并比较其与传统教学方法的优劣。方法选取皖南医学院临床医学系2017年5月—2018年5月期间至弋矶山医院神经内科实习人员60人,进行随机分组,分别进行CBL联合PBL联合教学及传统教学,教学后行考核及问卷调查。结果试验组学生临床思维能力测试和操作技能测试考核成绩显著优于对照组学生(P <0.05)。联合教学实施后,学生对于神经病学的学习兴趣、遇到问题处理方式均有提高,并有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 CBL联合PBL教学模式较传统教学模式在神经病学临床教学中具有相对优势,值得在今后神经病学教学中不断探索。

关键词： 神经内科   社会实践   专业型研究生   能力培养  

摘要： 目的探讨社区科研实践活动对神经病学专业学位研究生能力培养的作用。方法选取首都医科大学附属复兴医院神经病学专业学位研究生数名,在临床轮转阶段接受传统授课式教学培养与社区科研实践相结合方法。结果在接受传统授课式教学培养基础上结合社区科研实践活动,会提高本专业学习的兴趣与热情、提高信息全面整合能力。结论基于社区的科研实践活动,可提高临床神经病学专业学位研究生的综合素质,发挥其主观能动性,是研究生教学的有效方法。

关键词： 儿童医院   学术交流会   北京   英国   病人服务   心脏病学   神经病学   科主任  

摘要： 前不久,英国大奥蒙德街儿童医院(GOSH)多位专家莅临北京京都儿童医院进行学术交流。此次出席交流活动的嘉宾有大奥蒙德街儿童医院国际与自费病人服务部主任特里沃·克拉克先生,国际与自费病人服务部临床主任梅兰妮·海恩斯博士,国际与自费病人服务部市场高级主管莎拉·摩根女士,儿科肿瘤学、神经肿瘤学、实验治疗学专家戴伦·哈格雷夫教授,心脏病学专家安德鲁·泰勒教授,儿科神经病学专家索菲亚·瓦拉德卡博士等,北京京都儿童医院行政院长刘强、业务院长孙绪丁、副院长兼血液肿瘤科主任孙媛、小儿心脏科主任叶青以及来自医院各重点科室的医生们。

摘要： 《国际神经病学神经外科学杂志》创刊于1974年,由教育部主管,中南大学和中南大学湘雅医院主办。是目前国内唯一一本同时涵盖神经病学和神经外科学两个相联学科的专业学术期刊。本刊被收录为“中国科技核心期刊(中国科技论文统计源期刊)”。

关键词： 中国神经精神疾病杂志   神经病学   广东省   中国科学技术信息研究所   中国科学引文数据库   精神病学   影响因子   总被引频次  

摘要： 由国家教育部主管、中山大学主办的《中国神经精神疾病杂志》创刊于1975年,是国内神经病学、精神病学领域内具有重要影响力的专业学术性核心期刊,被引频次及影响因子居临床医学期刊前列。我刊主要报道我国神经内科、神经外科、精神科临床和基础研究的新成果,介绍相关领域研究的新进展,推广先进的诊疗技术,组织专题学术讨论和召开全国性学术会议。

关键词： 阿尔茨海默病   Alzheimer   APP/PS1   BACE1   重点实验室   学术杂志   神经病学   记忆损害  

摘要： 近日,我校附一院神经病学重点实验室陈国俊教授团队在国际著名学术杂志Brain(IF=11.199)在线发表了题为“MMP13 inhibition rescues cognitive decline in Alzheimer transgenic mice via BACE1 regulation"(MMP13抑制剂通过调节BACE1减轻了APP/PS1小鼠的学习和记忆损害)的论文。