关键词： Non-invasive brain stimulation   Transcranial direct current stimulation   Rehabilitation   Home therapy   Remote monitoring   Telemedicine  

摘要： BackgroundTranscranial electrical stimulation is a promising technique to facilitate behavioural improvements in neurological and psychiatric populations. Recently there has been interest in remote delivery of stimulation within a participant's *** purpose of this review is to identify strategies employed to implement and monitor in-home stimulation and identify whether these approaches are associated with protocol adherence, adverse events and patient ***, Embase Classic + Embase, Emcare and PsycINFO databases and clinical trial registries were searched to identify studies which reported primary data for any type of transcranial electrical stimulation applied as a home-based *** published studies from unique trials and ten on-going trials were included. For published data, internal validity was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool with most studies exhibiting a high level of bias possibly reflecting the preliminary nature of current work. Several different strategies were employed to prepare the participant, deliver and monitor the in-home transcranial electrical stimulation. The use of real time videoconferencing to monitor in-home transcranial electrical stimulation appeared to be associated with higher levels of compliance with the stimulation protocol and greater participant satisfaction. There were no severe adverse events associated with in-home *** of transcranial electrical stimulation within a person's home offers many potential benefits and appears acceptable and safe provided appropriate preparation and monitoring is provided. Future in-home transcranial electrical stimulation studies should use real-time videoconferencing as one of the approaches to facilitate delivery of this potentially beneficial treatment.

关键词： HIV   tuberculosis   resource-limited   cognitive impairment   neuropsychological functioning  

摘要： Background. AIDS Clinical Trial Group 5199 compared neurological and neuropsychological test performance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected participants in resource-limited settings treated with 3 World Health Organization-recommended antiretroviral (ART) regimens. We investigated the impact of tuberculosis (TB) on neurological and neuropsychological outcomes. Methods. Standardized neurological and neuropsychological examinations were administered every 24 weeks. Generalized estimating equation models assessed the association between TB and neurological/neuropsychological performance. Results. Characteristics of the 860 participants at baseline were as follows: 53% female, 49% African;median age, 34 years;CD4 count, 173 cells/mu L;and plasma HIV-1 RNA, 5.0 log copies/mL. At baseline, there were 36 cases of pulmonary, 9 cases of extrapulmonary, and 1 case of central nervous system (CNS) TB. Over the 192 weeks of follow-up, there were 55 observations of pulmonary TB in 52 persons, 26 observations of extrapulmonary TB in 25 persons, and 3 observations of CNS TB in 2 persons. Prevalence of TB decreased with ART initiation and follow-up. Those with TB coinfection had significantly poorer performance on grooved pegboard (P<.001) and fingertapping nondominant hand (P<.01). TB was associated with diffuse CNS disease (P<.05). Furthermore, those with TB had 9.27 times (P<.001) higher odds of reporting decreased quality of life, and had 8.02 times (P=.0005) higher odds of loss of productivity. Conclusions. TB coinfection was associated with poorer neuropsychological functioning, particularly the fine motor skills, and had a substantial impact on functional ability and quality of life. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00096824.

关键词： Kummell's disease   Neurological deficit   Burst fracture   Polymethylmethacrylate augmented   posterior compressed   short segment percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PA-SSPPF)   Pivot ligamentotaxis  

摘要： BackgroundKummell's Disease has insidious progression. Neurological deficit is usually slow in onset and progression and only few cases of acute neurological deficit have been reported. We came across a case of Kummell's disease which progressed to burst fracture, developed neurological deficit within two weeks. We managed patient with pivot ligamentotaxis and Polymethylmethacrylate augmented, posterior compressed, short segment percutaneous pedicle screw *** presentationEighty-threeyears old woman following fall was on conservative management at another hospital. She had no neurological deficit. A week later her back pain aggravated and two weeks later developed bilateral buttock pain, bilateral lower limb weakness and diminished sensation in the sacral *** investigations (X-rays, Magnetic resonance imaging and Computed tomography) showed L1 vertebral body fracture with vacuum cleft and fracture fragment retropulsed into the spinal canal.A diagnosis of Kummell's disease with burst fracture of L1 vertebra & neurological deficit was *** was managed with Polymethylmethacrylate augmented, posterior compressed, short segment percutaneous pedicle screw fixation. The reduction of the retropulsed fragment was achieved by virtue of Pivot ligamentotaxis. The patient got relieved of the symptoms (Preoperative VAS 8 and postoperative VAS 3) and was allowed brace assisted ambulation on first postoperative *** study reports acute occurrence of the burst fracture in unstable vertebra inflicted by Kummell's disease and role of spinal stability in recovery. We achieved closed reduction of the fracture fragments and relief of the cord compression by posterior compression with pivot ligamentotaxis.

关键词： Wilson's disease   Unified Wilson's disease rating scale (UWDRS)   Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)   Corpus callosum   Neurological dysfunction  

摘要： BackgroundWilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disease of impaired copper metabolism. Previous study demonstrated that WD with corpus callosum abnormalities (WD-CCA) was limited to the posterior part (splenium). This study aimed to compare clinical features between WD-CCA and WD without corpus callosum abnormalities (WD-no-CCA).MethodsForty-one WD patients who had markedly neurological dysfunctions were included in this study. We retrospectively reviewed clinical, biochemical characteristics and MRI findings in the 41 WD patients. All patients were assessed using the Unified Wilson's Disease Rating *** patients had corpus callosum abnormalities, 4 of 9 patients had abnormal signal in the genu and splenium, 5 of 9 patients had abnormal signal only in the splenium. WD-CCA had longer course (9.94.0years vs. 3.4 +/- 3.6years, p<0.01), more severe neurological dysfunctions (37.6 vs. 65.9, p<0.01) and higher psychiatric symptoms scores (11.2 vs. 22.5, p<0.01) than WD-no-CCA. The MRI findings indicated that WD-CCA had higher ratio than WD-no-CCA in globus pallidus (88.9% vs. 43.8%, p=0.024) and thalamus (100% vs. 59.4%, p=0.038). The index of liver function and copper metabolism had no significant in WD-CCA and WD-no-CCA *** Our findings indicate Wilson's disease can involve the posterior as well as the anterior part of CC and patients with CC involvement had more extensive brain lesions, more severe neurological dysfunctions and psychiatric symptoms.

关键词： Kidney transplantation   pregnancy after transplantation   neurological development   children of transplanted mothers  

摘要： Background: Pregnancies after kidney transplantation are at high risk of complications such as preterm birth and foetal growth restriction. Until now, the impact of these factors on neurological development of children born to transplant mothers has not been established. Aims: A comparison of neurological examinations performed in 36 children of kidney transplant women (study group) and 36 children born to healthy mothers (control group). The children from both groups were born at a similar gestational age and in the similar time period from 12/1996 to 09/2012. Neurological examinations were performed from 07/2010 to 11/2013. Each examination was adjusted to the patient's age and performed after the neonatal period. Three years later children were re-consulted, if they presented neurological deviations or were less than 12 months old at the time of the first examination. Results: Normal neurological development was found in 86% of children in both groups (p = .999). Mild neurological deviations were observed in four (11%) children born to kidney transplant mothers and in five (14%) children born to healthy mothers (p = .999). Moderate deviations were diagnosed in one premature child born to transplant mother, whose pregnancy was complicated with a severe preeclampsia and foetal growth restriction. In the study population, no severe neurological disorders were found. Almost all (8/10) children with neurological deviations were born prematurely in good general conditions. The neurological deviations observed in the first year of life were mild and transient. In children over 1 year of age, deviations were more pronounced and continued to maintain. Conclusions: The neurological development of children of kidney transplant women is similar to that of the general population and possible deviations seem to be the result of intrauterine hypotrophy and prematurity. Therefore, in clinical practice, it is necessary to plan post-transplant pregnancies especially in women at hi

关键词： neonatal   diabetes   pancreas   agenesis   genetics   mutation   development   neurological  

摘要： We report a recurrent CNOT1 de novo missense mutation, GenBank: NM_016284.4;c.1603C>T (***535Cys), resulting in a syndrome of pancreatic agenesis and abnormal forebrain development in three individuals and a similar phenotype in mice. CNOT1 is a transcriptional repressor that has been suggested as being critical for maintaining embryonic stem cells in a pluripotent state. These findings suggest that CNOT1 plays a critical role in pancreatic and neurological development and describe a novel genetic syndrome of pancreatic agenesis and holoprosencephaly.

关键词： biopackaging   lead transfer   neural probe array microassembly   microelectromechanical systems  

摘要： Patients with paralysis, spinal cord injury, or amputated limbs could benefit from using brain-machine interface technology for communication and neurorehabilitation. In this study, a 32-channel three-dimensional (3D) multielectrode probe array was developed for the neural interface system of a brain-machine interface to monitor neural activity. A novel microassembly technique involving lead transfer was used to prevent misalignment in the bonding plane during the orthogonal assembly of the 3D multielectrode probe array. Standard microassembly and biopackaging processes were utilized to implement the proposed lead transfer technique. The maximum profile of the integrated 3D neural device was set to 0.50 mm above the pia mater to reduce trauma to brain cells. Benchtop tests characterized the electrical impedance of the neural device. A characterization test revealed that the impedance of the 3D multielectrode probe array was on average approximately 0.55 M at a frequency of 1 KHz. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxicity tests verified the biocompatibility of the device. Subsequently, 3D multielectrode probe arrays were implanted in rats and exhibited the capability to record local field potentials and spike signals.

关键词： 中华医学会   神经病学   中青年   学分   学术   临床病例   长沙市   湖南省  

摘要： 由中华医学会、中华医学会神经病学分会主办,中华医学会神经病学分会青年委员会承办的中华医学会神经病学分会第十二届全国中青年神经病学学术大会拟定于2019年7月5-7日在湖南省长沙市召开。1.征文内容神经病学临床与基础研究领域的最新进展、热点问题、新增临床病例讨论。

关键词： 《中文核心期刊要目总览》   文献计量学   神经病学   医学杂志   研究人员   专家评审   精神病学   北京大学  

摘要： 《中华神经医学杂志》主编:我们谨此郑重通知:依据文献计量学的原理和方法,经研究人员对相关文献的检索、统计和分析,以及学科专家评审,贵刊《中华神经医学杂志》入编《中文核心期刊要目总览》2017年版(即第8版)之“神经病学与精神病学”类的核心期刊。该书由北京大学出版社出版。

关键词： 中华医学会   神经病学   神经科   会议   杂志   出版   合作   学术  

摘要： 中华神经科杂志将与2019年9月份在青岛召开的“中华医学会第22次全国神经病学学术会议”合作出版重点号(正刊,不是增刊)。凡向会议投稿的作者,可把没有发表过的、有关神经科临床或与临床相关的各类稿件(论著,病例报告,综述等)投到中华神经科杂志该期重点号发表。