关键词： Traumatic brain injury (TBI)   miR-193a   Neuroinflammation   microglial activation   NLRP3  

摘要： Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, and is tightly associated with microglia-regulated neuroinflammation. However, the activation profile of microglia during the pathophysiological responses is still not fully understood. Micro-RNAs (miRs), as noncoding RNAs, are involved in the progression of TBI. In this study, we attempted to explore the effects of miR-193a on TBI using the in vivo and in vitro studies. Following experimental TBI in mice, we found that miR-193a expression was significantly up-regulated in ipsilateral cortical tissues and in the microglia/ macrophages isolated from the ipsilateral cortical tissues, which was accompanied with markedly enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory factors. We then found that miR-193a hairpin inhibitor (antagomir) markedly reduced lesion volume, brain water contents and neuron death in TBI mice induced by the controlled cortical impact (CCI). In addition, cognitive dysfunction in TBI mice was markedly improved after miR-193a antagomir injection. Of note, CCI-induced activation of microglia was repressed by miR-193a inhibition, along with significantly reduced expression of neuroinflammatory markers, which were associated with the blockage of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The anti-neuroinflammation effects of miR-193a suppression were verified in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-incubated microglial cells transfected with miR-193a inhibitor. In contrast, LPS-induced activation of microglial cells and the expression of pro-inflammatory factors was markedly further accelerated by the transfection of miR-193a mimic. Taken together, TBI resulted in a robust neuroinflammatory response that was closely associated with the up-regulated miR-193a expression mainly in microglia/macrophages;however, miR-193a suppression significantly alleviated post-traumatic neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction. Therefo

关键词： UMLS Metathesaurus   Ontology   Neurological examination   Electronic health records   SNOMED CT  

摘要： Background The use of clinical data in electronic health records for machine-learning or data analytics depends on the conversion of free text into machine-readable codes. We have examined the feasibility of capturing the neurological examination as machine-readable codes based on UMLS Metathesaurus concepts. Methods We created a target ontology for capturing the neurological examination using 1100 concepts from the UMLS Metathesaurus. We created a dataset of 2386 test-phrases based on 419 published neurological cases. We then mapped the test-phrases to the target ontology. Results We were able to map all of the 2386 test-phrases to 601 unique UMLS concepts. A neurological examination ontology with 1100 concepts has sufficient breadth and depth of coverage to encode all of the neurologic concepts derived from the 419 test cases. Using only pre-coordinated concepts, component ontologies of the UMLS, such as HPO, SNOMED CT, and OMIM, do not have adequate depth and breadth of coverage to encode the complexity of the neurological examination. Conclusion An ontology based on a subset of UMLS has sufficient breadth and depth of coverage to convert deficits from the neurological examination into machine-readable codes using pre-coordinated concepts. The use of a small subset of UMLS concepts for a neurological examination ontology offers the advantage of improved manageability as well as the opportunity to curate the hierarchy and subsumption relationships.

关键词： Compassion   health promotion   caregiver burden   mindfulness   compassion  

摘要： Objectives: Informal caregivers are vulnerable to poor mental health and quality of life (QoL). Self-compassion may protect against this. This study investigated depression and QoL in partner caregivers of people with a long-term or neurological condition (e.g. dementia or spinal cord injury) and explored the extent to which QoL and self-compassion are predictive of depression. Design: A cross-sectional, questionnaire design. Methods: Participants were recruited from charities and support groups. Partner caregivers (N = 57) completed assessments of depression, QoL, and self-compassion. Results: Over half (61.8%) of caregivers experienced at least mild symptoms of depression, illustrating high prevalence among caregivers compared with the general population. Overall QoL was poor compared with non-caregivers. QoL was poorest in the physical domain (M = 51.9, SD = 10.1) and highest in the environmental domain (M = 64.9, SD = 15.8). Both self-compassion and QoL were significant predictors of depression (p < 0.05), explaining 48.8% of the variance. Hours spent providing care was also significantly predictive of depression (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Self-compassion and QoL may be important targets for supportive interventions for this population. This study underscores the importance of developing supportive interventions for informal partner caregivers, and developing self-compassion in these.

关键词： Children   learning   minor neurological dysfunction   neurodevelopmental   disability   preschool   preterm   school   school readiness  

摘要： Minor neurological dysfunction (MND) has been associated with learning, cognitive, and motor problems in preterm children. This study aims to study the prevalence of MND in preterm children without cerebral palsy in the preschool period and to investigate its association with school readiness. Forty-four children born at less than 37 weeks of gestation and 35 term children at a mean age of 5 years 6 months were included in the study. MND was classified according to Touwen. School readiness was assessed with the Marmara Primary School Readiness Scale. The prevalence of MND in preterm preschoolers was higher compared to their term-peers. Linear regression analyses showed that MND was the strongest predictor of school readiness in the preterm group. Preterm children, in the absence of CP, are at risk of MND and this is associated with school readiness. Greater emphasis needs to be placed on the follow-up, and an intervention should be prepared for preterm children with MND when they are starting school.

关键词： 北京大学出版社   核心期刊表   文献计量学   《中文核心期刊要目总览》   《中国图书馆分类法》   神经病学   精神病学   专家评审  

摘要： 《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》主编:我们谨此郑重通知:依据文献计量学的原理和方法,经研究人员对相关文献的检索、统计和分析,以及学科专家评审,贵刊《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》入编《中文核心期刊要目总览》2017年版(即第8版)之"神经病学与精神病学"类的核心期刊。该书由北京大学出版社出版。书中按《中国图书馆分类法》的学科体系,列出了78个学科的核心期刊表,并逐一对核心期刊进行了著录。

摘要： Simon Shorvon (an epileptologist) and Alastair Compston (a specialist in multiple sclerosis) are the authors of Queen Square: A History of the National Hospital and its Institute of Neurology. The authors had access to extensive archived material, and also paid attention to the nursing staff and patients, whose contributions are illustrated with case notes in several instances. [...]many pictures and photographs are included to enliven the text. Queen Square is a hospital with a unique history and the authors have succeeded in putting together an engaging volume, in which many neurologists and others interested in the history of medicine and particularly neurology will find material worth reading.

关键词： 神经免疫性疾病   视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病   多发性硬化   重症肌无力   髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白   治疗体系   神经病学   免疫学基础研究  

摘要： 近年来,随着神经病学及免疫学基础研究的深入及诊断方法的完善,神经免疫性疾病越来越受到研究人员的重视,其相关理论及治疗体系发展极为迅速。本文从多发性硬化、视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病、重症肌无力、格林-巴利综合征、髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白相关疾病等方面,简要回顾2019年国内外在神经免疫性疾病诊治方面所取得的成果。

摘要： For patients awake at hospital arrival, unconscious patients with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and patients with ongoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), 30-day survival was 89.0%, 39.0% and 1.2% respectively. For both unconscious patients and patients receiving CPR at admission, less than 20% end up with a bad outcome. Extracorporeal CPR (eCPR) has been shown to improve survival for shock-resistant cardiac arrest,[6] but it is very resource-consumptive and suitable only for very selected patients.[[7]]. [Extracted from the article]

关键词： 科研人员   神经病学   仁济医院   精神科临床   专家观点   读者对象   神经康复学   专业学术期刊  

摘要： 《神经病学与神经康复学杂志》(CN:31-1927/R;ISSN:1672-7061)由上海市卫生和计划生育委员会主管,上海市中西医结合学会、上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院主办,是国内外公开发行的神经病学与神经康复学领域的专业学术期刊,以神经科、神经康复科和精神科临床医师及相关领域的科研人员及在校师生为主要读者对象,旨在报道国内外神经病学与神经康复学领域的最新进展、重要成果、优秀经验、重大事件及专家观点,促进国内外相关领域的学术交流.

关键词： 美国医学会杂志   肥胖儿童   多发性硬化症   神经病学   初始治疗   JAMA  

摘要： 在线发表在《美国医学会杂志·神经病学》(JAMA Neurology)上的(2019-07-15)一项新的研究表明,肥胖儿童患多发性硬化症的可能性是一般儿童的两倍。一旦确诊为多发性硬化症,肥胖儿童的初始治疗反应往往比普通体质量儿童更差。