摘要:
1 Introduction Patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke require rapid assessment in order to receive the earliest most appropriate reperfusion *** the landmark National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) study in 1995, intravenous thrombolysis remains the main treatment approved by the U.S. [1].Stroke mimics (SM) comprise both non neurological condition (like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic dysfunction, cardiac syncope due to arrhythmia, malignancy and atrial fibrillation), and neurological disorder (as seizure (considered the leading cause of mimic), migraine (mostly aura with focal neurological symptoms like aphasia or hemi sensory loss), septic meningitis, heatstroke, spinal epidural mass, dementia, functional neurological disorder [4–9]) that can present is an ED setting with a neurological focal deficit miming a stroke.[...]data from literature have showed that stroke mimics treated with IVrt-PA have good clinical outcomes and low incidence of intracranial bleeding [14–17], suggesting that clinicians should not postpone thrombolysis because its potential benefit in definite ischemic stroke might be higher than the risk of complications in stroke mimics [18,19].Data from Gupta and Lang (2009 [45]) suggest that several historic data like abrupt onset (symptoms often maximal at that time), static course, spontaneous remissions/cures, paroxysmal symptoms (generally nonkinesigenic), psychiatric comorbidities, secondary gain (often not apparent), risk factors for conversion disorder (sexual and Movement incongruous with organic movement disorders physical abuse, trauma), psychological stressors, multiple somatizations/undiagnosed conditions, employed in allied health professions (infrequent); and movement characteristics as variability over time (frequency, amplitude, direction/distribution of movement), distractibility reduces or resolves, attention increases movement, selective disability, entrainment (especially with t