关键词： Astrocyte   Gap junctions   Connexins   Hemichannels   CNS drugs   Neuropsychiatric diseases   Neurodegenerative diseases   Connexin-modulating drugs  

摘要： Astrocytes represent the reticular part of the central nervous system;gap junctions formed by connexins Cx43, Cx30- and Cx26 provide for homocellular astrocyte-astrocyte coupling, whereas connexins Cx30, Cx32, Cx43, and Cx47 connect astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Astroglial networks are anatomically and functionally segregated being homologous to neuronal ensembles. Connexons, gap junctions and hemichannels (unpaired connexons) are affected in various neuropathologies from neuropsychiatric to neurodegenerative diseases. Manipulation of astrocytic connexins modulates the size and outreach of astroglial syncytia thus affecting astroglial homeostatic support. Modulation of astrocytic connexin significantly modifies pharmacological profile of many CNS drugs, which represents an innovative therapeutic approach for CNS disorders;this approach is now actively tested in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Wide combination of connexin modulators with CNS drugs open new promising perspectives for fundamental studies and therapeutic strategies.

关键词： 神经精神疾病   康复医学   精神病学   神经遗传学   神经病学   科研方法   神经内科   科研成果  

摘要： 《中国神经精神疾病杂志》为我国神经病学与精神病学核心期刊,国内外公开发行。本刊以广大神经内科、神经外科、精神科及相关学科(包括神经生物学、神经遗传学及康复医学等)医师为主要读者,报告神经精神学科领域领先的科研方法、科研成果和临床诊疗经验,以及对神经精神疾病临床有指导意义的基础理论研究。一直被《中文核心期刊要目总览》、《中国科技论文统计源期刊》、中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)等收录为核心期刊。

关键词： Di-Tan Decoction   Post-stroke   Adverse effects   Randomized clinical trials   Risk of bias  

摘要： The management of post-stroke complications plays an important role in the quality of ***-Tan Decoction(DTD;涤痰汤)is a widely used traditional Chinese *** study incorporated systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of DTD in post-stroke neurological *** clinical trials(RCTs)were searched from English,Chinese and Korean electronic medical databases,by including the keywords"Di-Tan Tang","Di-Tan Decoction","Scour Phlegm Decoction","stroke",and"*** RCT included control(placebo,conventional therapy,or Western medicine)and experimental(DTD treatment)*** patients inflicted with stroke for 1-6 weeks,the outcomes of post-stroke neurological disorders were measured by scales for post-stroke symptoms and were classified as"completely healed","markedly effective","effective"and"ineffective".Totally,11 RCTs(n=490 controls and n=502 DTD subjects)were selected from 210 articles identified in the initial search.A metaanalysis of evaluation criteria in post-stroke symptoms revealed that the overall odds ratio(ORs)for alleviating post-stroke neurological disorders were 0.30-fold lower(95%CI=0.21-0.43)in the DTD group than the control(Western medicine)group(P<0.00001).Moreover,regardless of the type of stroke diagnostic scale applied(including NFA,HDS,and NIHSS),the overall post-stroke symptoms determined were less severe in the DTD group(n=219)than the control group(n=217).No adverse effects of DTD were observed in the 11 RCTs *** 11 studies used an appropriate method for randomization of subjects to evaluate the risk of bias(ROB),and 7 studies included allocation concealment as well as blinding of patients and ***-risk ROB was included in6 *** significant publication bias was derived from the funnel *** results indicate that the administration of DTD alone,and DTD in combination with Western medicine,exert greater efficacy for post-stroke complication therapy,than Western medicine administ

关键词： 后疫情时代   混合式教学   神经病学   教学改革  

摘要： 目的探讨以慕课(massive open online courses,MOOC)为基础,结合基于问题的教学(problem-based learning,PBL)和案例导入式教学(case-based learning,CBL),并辅以腾讯会议、QQ群等辅助教学工具的混合式教学在后疫情时代神经病学教学中的应用效果。方法选取扬州大学2016级临床医学专业本科生293名为研究对象,随机分为混合式教学组(n=148)和传统教学组(n=145),混合式教学组给予MOOC联合PBL、CBL的混合式教学,传统教学组给予传统的面对面课堂教学。课程结束后,通过理论考核和实践技能考核,以无记名问卷调查,评价两组教学效果和满意度。结果混合式教学组的理论考核成绩、实践技能考核成绩和问卷调查评分均显著高于传统教学组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论混合式教学有利于激发学生的学习热情,培养临床思维能力,提高教学质量,值得在后疫情时代的高等医学教育中推广。

关键词： 神经病学   癫痫   临床诊断   治疗效果  

摘要： 探讨神经内科癫痫的临床诊断及治疗效果。方法:选择2015年8月至2018年8月我院收治的104例神经性癫痫患者,分析其诊治方法。将患者随机分为对照组和实验组,每组52人。对照组和实验组分别用丙戊酸钠缓释片联合苯巴比妥钠进行治疗。开始治疗之前和之后分析并记录症状。结果:对照组治疗后不良反应发生率为32.69%,实验组不良反应发生率为5.77%,实验组结果明显好于对照组。结论:神经内科有多种类型的癫痫病,而且临床表现非常复杂。临床诊断应根据患者的身体状况和病史,结合多种辅助检查和临床症状,以确保判断的有效性。

关键词： MOOC   神经病学   岗位胜任力  

摘要： 神经病学一直是高等医学院校教学的难点,随着网络教学资源的日益增多,部分高校将专业慕课应用到神经病学教学中,在取得良好的教学效果的同时,暴露出增大医学生学习压力,临床思维训练不足等问题。通识类慕课以建立疾病整体认知为目的,有效地解决了这些问题,提升了神经病学教学效果,更好地顺应了以岗位胜任力导向的卓越医生培养教育教学要求。

关键词： 教育   神经病学   教学法   以病例为基础的学习   经典案例   应用形式   教学评价  

摘要： “以病例为基础”的教学法(case-based learning,CBL)在医学教育中广泛应用。它要求教师在教学过程中,根据学科设置的培养目标和课程教学目的,把临床实际案例作为教学基本素材,生动地呈现给医学生,并将他们带入到具体的临床问题情境中,进行分析问题和解决问题,以培养医学生运用医学理论知识并形成临床技能、技巧为目的的一种教学方法。神经病学知识体系繁杂、理论晦涩难懂,且临床诊断尤其强调“定位定性”,逻辑性特别强,常常会让医学生们心生畏怯。学生们对课程的学习兴趣不高,经常会反映课程难度大,由此给教师的教学也带来了一定的难度,故而使神经病学教学工作陷入被动局面。因此,教师在临床教学中可通过运用导入新课、课堂举例讨论、课后作业及质量考核等CBL常见教学手段实施教学。CBL教学法可激发学生的学习兴趣、提高学习积极性,活跃课堂气氛、拓宽学习思路,锻炼学生语言表达和沟通能力,提高分析和解决问题能力,利于理论联系实践,对提升临床神经病学的教学质量具有积极意义。

关键词： 医学教育   改革   神经病学   网络教学   多元化   大健康  

摘要： 随着移动互联网、云计算、大数据、人工智能以及5G时代的来临,信息技术在教育、医疗、贸易等多个领域中得到了广泛的应用。翻转课堂和精品资源网络共享等信息技术与传统高等教育教学相融合的网络教学模式已逐步取代传统的“填鸭式”教学,并成为现代教育技术发展的方向和教育改革的重点。文章通过对神经病学网络教学模式的探索进行归类总结,根据神经病学的教学特点指出现阶段教学模式中存在的不足,分析并提出神经病学全网络教学模式面临的挑战,并构建“以学生为中心”的神经病学多元化全网络教学模式,旨在通过改革,提升神经病学教学质量,实现网络、科研与教学的紧密结合。

关键词： 办刊宗旨   中国医师协会   神经疾病   神经解剖学   普及与提高   神经病学   专业期刊   神经内外科  

摘要： 《中国现代神经疾病杂志》为国家卫生健康委员会主管、中国医师协会主办的神经病学类专业期刊。办刊宗旨为:理论与实践相结合、普及与提高相结合,充分反映我国神经内外科临床科研工作重大进展,促进国内外学术交流。所设栏目包括述评、专论、论著、临床病理报告、应用神经解剖学、神经影像学、循证神经病学、流行病学调查研究、基础研究、临床研究、综述、临床医学图像、病例报告、临床病理(例)讨论、新技术新方法等。

关键词： Hepatitis E virus   Acute hepatitis E   Extrahepatic manifestations   Neurological manifestations   Neuralgic amyotrophy   Guillain-Barrésyndrome  

摘要： Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is an important cause of repeated waterborne outbreaks of acute ***,several extrahepatic manifestations(EHMs)have been described in patients with HEV *** these,neurological disorders are the most common EHM associated with *** involvement of both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system can occur together or in *** can present with normal liver function tests,which can often be misleading for *** is a paucity of data on HEV-related neurological manifestations;and these data are mostly described as case reports and case *** this review,we analyzed data of 163 reported cases of HEV-related neurological *** mechanisms of pathogenesis,clinico-demographic profile,and outcomes of the HEV-related neurological disorders are described in this *** root and plexus disorder were found to be the most commonly reported disease,followed by meningoencephalitis.