关键词： Neurology   Art   van Gogh   History of neurology   Epilepsy  

摘要： Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890) is one of the most important painters of our history. Celebrating 130 years since the death of this genius, this article unveils the surprising relationship between van Gogh and neurology. Besides all his eternal artistic output, Vincent also suffered all his life from a neurological disease. Many articles have already investigated his illness and epilepsy appears to be one of the most reasonable diagnosis. There is much evidence that van Gogh's work was influenced by his neurological condition in several ways. Besides, the analysis of Vincent's life can provide several valuable teachings to neurologists. (C) 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurological soft signs   Content analysis   Rating scales   Symptom overlap   Schizophrenia  

摘要： Introduction: Neurological soft signs (NSS) are described as subtle, non-localizable neurological abnormalities that cannot be related to impairment of a specific brain region or are not believed to be typical for any specific neurological disease. Crucial issue concerning research on NSS are the instruments with which they are assessed, since the results and the conclusions of the studies are mediated by the characteristics of such instruments. There is common, silent and unverified assumption that NSS rating scales may be used as interchangeable measure of the same phenomenon.& nbsp;Aim: To investigate the differences in item content and the interchangeability of commonly used NSS scales. Methods: A content analysis was carried out to determine symptom overlap among the chosen seven most often used scales using the Jaccard index (0 = no overlap, 1 = full overlap) according to the methodology of Fried 2017.& nbsp;Results: 71 NSSs were distinguished from 167 items used in 7 above mentioned instruments. Mean overlap among all scales is low (0.27), overlap among specific scales ranges from 0.1 to 0.5.& nbsp;Conclusions: The diversity of NSS in analyzed tools causes the low overlap between scales, leading to uncertainty as to whether they measure the same phenomena. This limits the reproducibility of studies and impedes the possibility of unifying the knowledge stemming from existing data. We argue that the non-localizable nature of NSS is yet to be examined.

关键词： Behç   et syndrome   ERAP1   IL23R   Neuro-Behç   et syndrome   Susceptibility  

摘要： Behcet syndrome (BS) is a vasculitis characterized by several clinical manifestations including the rare neurological involvement (neuro-BS, NBS). The aim of our pivotal study was to investigate the mutational status of several inflammation-related genes in a cohort of Italian patients with and without the neurological involvement (20 NBS vs 40 no-NBS patients). The preliminary in silico single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) selection and primer design were performed by NCBI Primer-Blast tool. Genomic DNA was isolated and amplified using PCR. PCR amplicons were sequenced and bioinformatically analysed. Twelve tagSNPs were selected and genotyped: ERAP1 rs30187, rs17482078, and rs27044;IL10 rs1800872 and rs1518111, IL12A rs17810546, IL23R rs17375018, IL23R-IL12RB2 rs924080, STAT4 rs7572482, CCR1 rs7616215, KLRC4 rs2617170, and UBAC2 rs3825427. ERAP1 and IL23R SNPs showed statistically significant higher frequencies in NBS group than no-NBS. ERAP1 rs30187 AA was more common in no-NBS patients (20.0% NBS vs 47.5% no-NBS;p < 0.05), while rs17482078 GA frequency was higher in NBS patients (55.0% NBS vs 22.5% no-NBS;p < 0.05, OR: 4.21). IL23R rs17375018 GG was more frequent in NBS group (65.0% NBS vs 40.0% no-NBS;p < 0.05), according to a previous finding. No other statistically significant differences were found. In conclusion, ERAP1 and IL23R SNPs were found associated with neurological involvement of BS. Additional and larger analyses were required to verify our preliminary findings.

关键词： Hemoglobin   Traumatic brain injury   Glasgow Outcome Scale  

摘要： Background: The appropriate hemoglobin (Hb) level threshold for the early phase (i.e. from Emergency Department to ICU admission) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still unknown. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between Hb levels during the early phase and neurological outcomes in patients with severe TBI using data from the Brain Hypothermia (B-HYPO) Study Group. Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of the B-HYPO study (a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial on patients with severe TBI who received either mild therapeutic hypothermia [MTH;32.0 degrees C- 34.0 degrees C] or fever control [35.5 degrees C-37.0 degrees C]). We calculated Hb levels during early phase by the formula: (admission Hb + Hb on day 1) / 2. The primary outcome was the association between during early phase Hb levels and 6-month neurological outcome after the TBI based on the Glasgow Outcome Scale scores (a measure of functional recovery defined as moderate disability or good recovery). Results: We reviewed data from 130 patients and found favorable neurological outcomes in 48.5% of them. We found significant differences between the favorable and unfavorable neurological outcome groups in terms of their Hb levels on admission and on day 1. But, we found no Hb level differences after day 3 (including 1 day after rewarming). Our multivariable analysis showed that Hb levels during early phase were significantly associated with favorable neurological outcomes (odds ratio, 1.387;95% confidence interval, 1.057-1.858;P = 0.018). Conclusions: High early phase Hb levels are associated with favorable neurological outcomes after severe TBI . (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

摘要： A rapidly expanding catalog of neurogenetic disorders has encouraged a diagnostic shift towards early clinical whole exome sequencing (WES). Adult primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) frequently exhibit neurological manifestations that overlap with other nervous system disorders. However, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is not routinely analyzed in standard clinical WES bioinformatic pipelines. We reanalyzed 11,424 exomes, enriched with neurological diseases, for pathogenic mtDNA variants. Twenty-four different mtDNA mutations were detected in 64 exomes, 11 of which were considered disease causing based on the associated clinical phenotypes. These findings highlight the diagnostic uplifts gained by analyzing mtDNA from WES data in neurological diseases. ANN NEUROL 2021

关键词： Cancer-related cognitive impairment   Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment   Cognitive functioning   Cognition   Cancer   CRCI  

摘要： Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is commonly experienced by individuals with non-central nervous system cancers throughout the disease and treatment trajectory. CRCI can have a substantial impact on the functional ability and quality of life of patients and their families. To mitigate the impact, oncology providers must know how to identify, assess, and educate patients and caregivers. The objective of this review is to provide oncology clinicians with an overview of CRCI in the context of adults with non-central nervous system cancers, with a particular focus on current approaches in its identification, assessment, and management.

摘要： Objectives To detect the incidence of clinically important thoracic and abdominal imaging abnormalities in patients with neurological signs but with no clinical signs or laboratory findings consistent with thoracic or abdominal disease. Materials and Methods Review of imaging findings in dogs with neurological signs but no thoracic or abdominal signs that underwent thoracic, or thoracic and abdominal screening during the same hospitalisation as the neurological investigation. Results Two hundred and six dogs were included in the thoracic study. Of those, only eight (3.9%) had clinically important findings and in only five cases (2.4%) were the findings related to pathology identified on MRI. One hundred and forty-seven dogs were included in the abdominal study. Abnormalities were found in 23 dogs (15.6%), but in only eight (5.4%) were they considered to be of current clinical importance and in only three (2%) were they related to the pathology identified on MRI. Ultrasonography provided valuable additional information in 22 cases (15%) but this was only considered important in four (2.7%) and related to the neurological condition in one (0.7%). As expected, abdominal ultrasonography often provided more information than radiography alone in the abdominal screening but this was rarely clinically relevant or related to the reason for referral. Clinical Significance Thoracic and abdominal screening of neurological patients with no clinically evident thoracic or abdominal clinical signs only infrequently identified occult but clinically important pathology which changed the current management plan, regardless of neurolocalisation or age.

关键词： dementia   depression   ECM   perineuronal net   schizophrenia