关键词： 神经病学   JNK信号传导通路   中枢神经系统疾病  

摘要： c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinases, JNKs)家族是丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases, MAPKs)超家族的成员之一,参与多种复杂的生理病理过程。目前研究发现JNK传导通路参与了缺血性脑血管病(ischemic cerebrovascular disease, ICVD)、抑郁症(Major Depressive Disorde, MDD)、肌萎缩侧索硬化(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS)、精神分裂症(schizophrenia, ScZ)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease, PD)等中枢神经系统常见疾病的发病过程。这里将重点阐述JNK传导通路在中枢神经系统疾病中的国内外最新研究进展。

关键词： Cerebrospinal fluid   COVID-19   Cytokines   Neuroinflammation   Cytokine storm  

摘要： Objective: To study in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of COVID-19 subjects if a "cytokine storm" or neuroinflammation are implicated in pathogenesis of neurological complications. Methods: Cross-sectional study of CSF neuroinflammatory profiles from 18 COVID-19 subjects with neurological complications categorized by diagnosis (stroke, encephalopathy, headache) and illness severity. COVID-19 CSF was compared with CSF from healthy, infectious and neuroinflammatory disorders and stroke controls (n = 82). Cytokines (IL-6, TNF alpha, IFN gamma, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A), inflammation and coagulation markers (high-sensitivity-C Reactive Protein [hsCRP], ferritin, fibrinogen, D-dimer, Factor VIII) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L), were quantified. SARS-CoV2 RNA and SARS-CoV2 IgG and IgA antibodies in CSF were tested with RT-PCR and ELISA. Results: CSF from COVID-19 subjects showed absence of pleocytosis or specific increases in pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6, ferritin, or D-dimer). Although pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF alpha, IL-12p70) and IL-10 were increased in CSF of stroke COVID-19 subjects, a similar increase was observed in non-COVID-19 stroke subjects. Anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies in CSF of COVID-19 subjects (77%) were observed despite no evidence of SARS-CoV2 viral RNA. CSF-NF-L was elevated in subjects with stroke and critical COVID-19 as compared to controls and other COVID-19 severity categories. CSF-hsCRP was present in all subjects with critical stages of COVID-19 (7/18) but only in 1/82 controls. Conclusion: The paucity of neuroinflammatory changes in CSF of COVID-19 subjects and lack of SARS-CoV2 RNA do not support the presumed neurovirulence of SARS-CoV2 or neuroinflammation in pathogenesis of neurological complications in COVID-19. The role of CSF SARS-CoV2 IgG antibodies and mechanisms of neuronal damage are still undetermined.

关键词： Diseases and disorders   Peptides and proteins   Neurophysiology   Agonists   Receptors  

摘要： Summary. The invention in this patent application relates to hexahydro-5,8-epoxycyclohepta[c]pyrazole derivatives represented generally by either formula 1 or formula 2. These compounds are CB1, CB2, or dual CB1/CB2 agonists and may be useful for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases and disorders including but not limited to appetite, diabetes, obesity, glaucoma associated intraocular pressure, mood disorders, seizures, cognition disorders, memory disorders, respiratory disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular disease. © 2021 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： idiopathic achalasia   whole-exome sequencing   rare variants   genetic  

摘要： Idiopathic achalasia (IA) is a severe motility disorder characterized by neuronal degeneration in the myenteric plexus, but the etiology remains largely unknown. We performedwhole-exome sequencing (WES) in 100 IA-affected individuals and 313 non-IA control subjects and validated the results in 230 IA-affected individuals and 1,760 non-IA control subjects. Common missense variants rs1705003 (CUTA, GenBank: NC_000006.11:g.33385953A>G) and rs1126511 (HLA-DPB1, GenBank: NC_000006.11:g.33048466G>T) at 6p21.32 were reproducibly associated with increased risk of IA (rs1126511: OR = 1.83, p = 2.34 3 10(-9);rs1705003: OR = 2.37, p = 3.21 3 10(-7)), meeting exomewide significance. Both variants can affect the expression of their target genes at the transcript level. An array-based association analysis in 280 affected individuals and 1,121 control subjects determined the same signal at 6p21.32. Further conditional analyses supported that the two missense variants identified in WES-based association study were potential causal variants of IA. For rare variants, the top genes identified by gene-based analysiswere significantly enriched in nerve and muscle phenotypic genes in themouse. Moreover, the functional rare variants in these genes tended to cooccur in IA-affected individuals. In an independent cohort, we successfully validated three rare variants (CREB5, GenBank: NC_000007.13:g.28848865G>T;ESYT3, GenBank: NC_000003.11:g.138183253C>T;and LPIN1, GenBank: NC_000002.11:g.11925128A>G) which heightens the risk of developing IA. Our study identified and validated two common variants and three rare variants associated with IA in immunologic and neurological genes, providing new insight into the etiology of IA.

关键词： 神经精神疾病   康复医学   精神病学   神经遗传学   神经病学   科研方法   神经内科   科研成果  

摘要： 《中国神经精神疾病杂志》为我国神经病学与精神病学核心期刊,国内外公开发行。本刊以广大神经内科、神经外科、精神科及相关学科(包括神经生物学、神经遗传学及康复医学等)医师为主要读者,报告神经精神学科领域领先的科研方法、科研成果和临床诊疗经验,以及对神经精神疾病临床有指导意义的基础理论研究。一直被《中文核心期刊要目总览》、《中国科技论文统计源期刊》、中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)等收录为核心期刊。

关键词： 办公系统   网址   主管单位   官方网站   域名   南京脑科医院   临床神经病学   .com  

摘要： <正>《临床神经病学杂志》网络采编办公系统原网址(http://***)自2018年8月15日起停用。本刊网址正式变更为http://***。您可以输入新网址域名http://***进行登录,也可以通过本刊主管单位——南京脑科医院的官方网站(http://***)的链接进行登录。

关键词： 中国医师协会   发作性睡病   浙江大学医学院   浙江省医学会   阿尔茨海默病   神经内科   老年医学   神经病学  

摘要： 专家介绍彭国平浙江大学医学院附属第一医院神经内科主任医师,担任中国医师协会神经内科分会青年委员、浙江省医学会神经病学分会秘书兼青年委员会副主任委员、中国老年医学会认知障碍分会委员兼青年委员会副主任委员等。主要擅长阿尔茨海默病、脑中风、睡眠障碍等疾病的临床诊治。

关键词： 神经病学   基于问题学习(PBL)   教学方法   临床见习  

摘要： 目的探讨在神经科临床见习教学中基于问题学习(PBL)教学模式的应用效果。方法选择2019年11月-2021年4月期间在我院神经内科见习的236名临床医学专业本科见习生按入科顺序随机分为PBL教学试验组126人和传统教学对照组110人,见习结束时比较两组出科考核成绩;并向学生发放问卷,调查学生学习能力提升情况及对教学的满意度。结果 PBL教学组的见习学生基础理论成绩、临床病例分析成绩及病历书写成绩分别为(17.75±1.60)分、(18.83±0.89)分和(18.29±0.72)分,均高于传统教学组[分别为(17.18±2.48)分、(17.83±1.36)分和(18.08±0.87)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);调查问卷结果显示,采用PBL教学方法的学生在课堂气氛的活跃度、有助于理论知识的理解、提高神经病学的学习兴趣、提高临床思维能力方面的满意度均高于传统教学法(P<0.05)。结论神经科临床见习教学过程中应用PBL教学模式可以提高学生综合分析能力及思维能力,值得进一步探索和应用。

关键词： 神经病理学   中华医学会   神经科临床   神经病学   癫痫外科   标本处理   操作规范   规范化处理  

摘要： 该文阐述了癫痫外科手术切除脑组织规范化处理的重要意义,并从标本的标记和运送、标本的处理和取材流程以及辅助检查套餐的选择3个方面详细说明了各个步骤的操作规范和注意事项,旨在规范国内的癫痫外科手术标本的取材和处理流程,推动癫痫相关神经病理和神经科临床的发展。本指南由中华医学会病理学分会脑神经病理学组和中华医学会神经病学分会神经病理学组联合推荐。

关键词： 科研诚信   ID码   临床神经病学   交流研究成果   标识码   增值服务   投稿须知   OSI  

摘要： 《临床神经病学杂志》从2019年8月起正式加入OSID(Open Science Identity)开放科学计划。将通过在文章上添加开放科学二维标识码(OSID码),为读者和作者提供一个与业界同行和专家进行学术交流研究成果的途径,同时提供系列增值服务,提升论文的科研诚信。投稿本刊的作者请查看本刊投稿须知,注册"OSID作者助手"工具账号,使用工具创建OSID码,按照要求将稿件中加入OSID码一起投到本刊。