关键词： 重症患者   创伤骨科   发热患者   新型冠状病毒   审稿专家   奉献精神   通讯编委   疫情  

摘要： 乌飞兔走,白驹过隙。值此新年肇启、万象更新的时刻,我谨代表《中华创伤骨科杂志》编辑委员会,向多年来一直关心本刊建设与发展的杂志顾问、编委、通讯编委、审稿专家及广大读者表示由衷的谢意!致以节日的问候和新年的祝福!同时向仍奋战在抗疫一线的创伤骨科同道们致敬!自2019年底新型冠状病毒爆发,2020、2021、2022年,抗疫是连续三年的年度主题,疫情持续而广泛地影响着我们的生活与工作。正值年末岁初,我们刚刚经历过的无数发热患者、无数重症患者瞬间犹如潮水一般冲向医院,涌向了负荷满载的医务人员。面对疫情的冲击,大量医务人员只能强撑身体、带病坚持工作;面对人手不足和严重减员,无数医务人员带阳工作、坚守岗位:发着烧给患者看病、打着点滴给患者开医嘱、吸着氧给患者配药;为了大量重症患者得到及时的救治,几乎所有的医院不分科室、不分专业、全院打通,经过简单培训全部收治新冠危重症患者。中国1400万医务人员,再一次展现出了无与伦比的职业牺牲与奉献精神。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   无创呼吸机   炎症反应   肺功能   血气指标   临床症状  

摘要： 目的:探究无创呼吸机联合常规药物治疗对新型冠状病毒肺炎(2019-nCoV)患者炎症反应、肺功能的影响.方法:选取2022年10月-2023年3月本院收治的2019-nCoV患者84例,按随机数字表法分为对照组(42例)予以常规药物治疗(甲泼尼龙注射液),在此基础上,观察组(42例)加用无创呼吸机治疗,两组持续治疗14 d.对比两组临床疗效、炎症反应、肺功能、临床症状消失时间、血气指标.结果:观察组临床总有效率(92.86％)高于对照组(76.19％),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组白介

关键词： 肺炎   新型冠状病毒   疫情防控   妇产专科医院   线上线下一体化  

摘要： 本文回顾性分析了2022年3-5月间上海交通大学医学院附属国际和平妇幼保健院(简称国妇幼)的线上、线下医疗服务就诊量,总结疫情防控相关经验,结合妇产专科医院特点,建立并完善一套快速处置、精准管控、有效救治、平战结合的孕产妇保障及应急处置工作机制。通过创建线上、线下融合模式下的疫情防控措施,国妇幼实现了医疗工作不停摆,就医流程顺畅有序,硬件设施改造升级,医务人员疫情防控处置能力有效提升,取得了良好的社会效益。线上、线下融合的疫情防控模式符合妇产专科医院实际情况,有效保障了上海市部分地区孕产妇的安全。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒   病毒病   防治  

ISBN: (纸本)9787547856543

摘要： 本书由国家传染病医学中心主任、复旦大学附属华山医院感染科主任张文宏教授担任主编。针对本轮奥密克戎感染速度快、波及面广的特点，民众普遍产生困惑、焦虑，各种信息鱼龙混杂，如何理性认识、科学应对、有效防控，成为当今社会的关注焦点。本书以问答的形式、清晰的条线、简练的文字、生动的配图，给出科学、权威、严谨、实用的解答，帮助大家进一步认识新冠病毒奥密克戎变异株的传播特点，指导大家做好防护，提高疫苗接种率，降低感染风险，保护好高龄老人和有基础疾病的脆弱人群，降低感染新冠病毒导致的重症发生率。本书配合国家对疫情防控策略的调整，能更好地协助新冠病毒感染者尽快康复，回到正常的工作和生活中。

关键词： ChAdOx1 nCoV vaccine   Adverse event   Headache   Cutaneous hemorrhage  

摘要： Objectives: Fatal complications have occurred after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, a vaccine against Covid-19. Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic throm-bocytopenia (VITT) with severe outcome is characterized by venous thrombosis, predominantly in cerebral veins, thrombocytopenia and anti-PF4/polyanion anti-bodies. Prolonged headaches and cutaneous hemorrhages, frequently observed after the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, have therefore caused anxiety among vaccin-ees. We investigated whether these symptoms represent a mild form of VITT, with a potential for aggravation, e.g. in case of a second vaccination dose, or a different entity of vaccine complications Materials and methods: We included previously healthy individuals who had a combination of headache and spontaneous severe cutaneous hemorrhages emerging after the 1st dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vac-cine. Twelve individuals were found to meet the inclusion criteria, and a phone interview, cerebral MRI, assessment of platelet counts, anti PF4/polyanion antibod-ies and other laboratory tests were performed. Results: None of the symptomatic vaccinees had cerebral vein thrombosis, hemorrhage or other pathology on MRI. Platelet counts were within normal range and no anti-PF4/polyanion platelet acti-vating antibodies were found. Moreover, vasculitis markers, platelet activation markers and thrombin generation were normal. Furthermore, almost all symptoms resolved, and none had recurrence of symptoms after further vaccination with mRNA vaccines against Covid-19. Conclusions: The combination of headaches and subcutaneous hemorrhage did not represent VITT and no other specific coagulation disorder or intracranial pathology was found. However, symptoms initially mim-icking VITT demand vigilance and low threshold for a clinical evaluation combined with platelet counts and D-dimer.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0

关键词： 新型冠状病毒   病毒病   防治   手册  

ISBN: (纸本)9787517139409

摘要： 为指导人们有效应对新冠疫情的新变化、新冲击，北京大学第三医院组织呼吸内科、感染疾病科等诸多科室权威专家整理撰写了《新冠病毒感染者自我照护手册》一书。本书内容涵盖了新冠感染后的临床表现、诊断、治疗、康复及就医注意事项等，以期对新冠感染者尤其是孕产妇、婴幼儿等特殊人群和患有肿瘤以及基础疾病患者的自我照护、居家康复进行指导，并有所帮助。

关键词： COVID-19   immunogenicity   vaccine   BNT162b2   BBIBP-CorV   Gam-COVID-Vac   ChAdOx1 nCoV-19  

摘要： Many available SARS-CoV-2 vaccines demonstrated good humoral response, but studies directly comparing their immunogenicity in the general population are lacking. We evaluated the medium-term kinetics of anti-S SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (Abs) at one and six months after the second dose of BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, and Gam-COVID-Vac. Immunogenicity at six months was directly compared between BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac, and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Participants >= 20 years old from Novi Sad, Serbia, without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, were included. Anti S1/S2 IgG antibodies were measured using quantitative LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 assay. A total of 368 participants were included: 231 (62.77%) had sera collected at two time points. Two doses of BNT162b2 were received by 37.50% of participants, followed by BBIBP-CorV (22.01%), Gam-COVID-Vac (21.47%), and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (19.02%). Mean Ab levels at the 28th day and 6 months were 216.55 (SD = 105.73) AU/mL and 75.68 (SD = 57.30) for BNT162b2, 194.38 (SD = 140.24) and 90.53 (SD = 111.30) for Gam-COVID-Vac, and 72.74 (SD = 80.04) and 24.43 (SD = 38.43) for BBIBP-CorV group (p < 0.01, between two time points across all three groups), with a significant difference between women and men (p < 0.01, for both sexes). At the sixth month post-vaccination, the highest mean Ab level was detected in Gam-COVID-Vac group (91.28 AU/mL, SD = 95.96), followed by BNT162b2 (85.25 AU/mL, SD = 60.02), ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (64.22 AU/mL, SD = 65.30), and BBIBP-CorV (25.26 AU/mL, SD = 36.92) (p < 0.01). Anti-spike IgG persistence was demonstrated six months post-vaccination with a significant decline in Ab levels. These results suggest a lower protection against SARS-CoV-2 over time. Our findings support the introduction of additional (booster) doses.

关键词： COVID-19   coronavirus   Covishield   COVID vaccine   Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody   neutralising antibody  

摘要： (i) Background: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Covishield((R))) vaccine is widely used in India. We studied the Covishield((R)) induced antibody response and its durability among health care workers (HCWs) (ii) Method: HCWs received two doses (0.5 mL) four weeks apart. Blood specimens, collected before each dose, day (D) 60, D150 and D270 after second dose, were tested for anti-spike antibody (ASAb) titre and neutralising antibody (%) (NAb) using Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S (Roche) and SARS-CoV-2 NAb ELISA Kit (Invitrogen), respectively. Data are expressed as proportions and median (interquartile range) and compared using non-parametric (iii) Result: Among 135 HCWs (83 males;age 45 (37-53);36 had pre-existing ASAb), 29 (21.5%) acquired COVID-19 after 60 (39-68) days of vaccination. ASAb titre before second dose and at D60, D150, D270 were 77.2 (19.4-329.4), 512 (114.5-9212), 149 (51.6-2283) and 2079 (433.9-8644) U/mL, respectively. Compared to those without pre-existing ASAb, titres were significantly higher before second dose (5929 vs. 41, p < 0.001), D60 (3395 vs. 234, p = 0.007) and D150 (1805 vs. 103, p < 0.001) in participants with pre-existing ASAb;NAb were also higher (80 vs. 18, p < 0.001) before second dose. Between those who acquired infection or not after vaccination, ASAb titres were comparable before second dose (77 vs. 78, p = 0.362) but significantly higher at D60 (14,019 vs. 317, p < 0.001) and D150 (2062 vs. 121, p = 0.002) in the former group, though NAb percentage were higher at D60 (87 vs. 27, p < 0.001) and D150 (79 vs. 25, p = 0.007) only (iv) Conclusions: Covishield((R)) induces a higher antibody titre in those with pre-existing ASAb. The vaccine induced antibody starts falling 5 months after vaccination.