关键词： 新冠肺炎   非洲猪瘟   生猪养殖   降本增效  

摘要： “猪粮安天下”。生猪产业在我国经济社会发展中具有举足轻重的地位,直接关系到老百姓的“菜篮子”“钱袋子”以及国家的宏观经济运行。近年来,受非洲猪瘟疫情、新冠肺炎疫情以及国内外宏观经济环境变化影响,生猪产业发展的形势和趋势、面临的问题和挑战等均发生了变化。笔者从南充生猪产业实际为例,分析南充生猪产业发展存在的问题与短板,提出如何保障生猪产业提质降本增效的建议。

关键词： 放松   精油   抑郁   焦虑   新冠肺炎   芳香疗法   替代治疗  

摘要： 精油以其舒缓的气味而闻名,通常用于按摩疗法或放松的沐浴。许多人推崇精油的好处,声称其芳香的特性可以缓解心理疾病,如焦虑和抑郁。根据世界卫生组织的数据,在新冠肺炎危机期间,全球各地的焦虑和抑郁病例数量增加了25%,很多患者正在寻求替代性的治疗选择。

关键词： 超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱串联质谱   新型冠状病毒疫苗   肽段序列   鉴定  

摘要： 目的建立超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱串联质谱(ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS)分析技术,用于不同变异株新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗(Vero细胞)的鉴定,为疫苗监管提供新的评估方向。方法新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗样本经还原烷基化反应、胰蛋白酶酶解、SDB-RPS脱盐柱脱盐等步骤后得到肽段样本,采用CDS C18色谱柱(0.075 mm×250 mm×1.9μm),以0.1%甲酸和3%二甲亚砜为流动相A,0.1%甲酸、3%二甲亚砜和80%乙腈为流动相B,梯度程序洗脱,柱温50℃,流速为300 nL/min,进样体积为5μL,建立UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS分析技术,质谱检测采用数据依赖采集(data-dependent acquisition,DDA)模式扫描,运用MaxQuant(V 2.***.2.0)软件进行检索和分析样本肽段信息。结果利用所建立的方法分别对不同变异株新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗(Vero细胞)进行分析测定,筛选提取得到不同变异株新型冠状病毒S和N蛋白的保守肽及特征肽段序列,结合检测的肽段质荷比(m/z),得到不同变异株新型冠状病毒特异性蛋白数据库。通过比对样本质谱检测到的肽段信息,可实现对不同变异株新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗(Vero细胞)的鉴别。结论建立的UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS分析技术具有高灵敏、快速、专属性强等优点,可有效用于新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗(Vero细胞)毒株种属的筛查与鉴定,也可为其他病毒类疫苗或生物样本中新型冠状病毒种属鉴定提供技术参考,为疫苗的质量安全监管提供了新的视角。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒   下肢深静脉血栓   影响因素   MEG3  

摘要： 目的探讨新型冠状病毒感染并发下肢深静脉血栓的影响因素,分析lncRNA MEG3表达水平与血栓形成的相关性,为临床预防和治疗提供理论依据。方法选取本院收治的33例新型冠状病毒感染并发下肢深静脉血栓患者,采用回顾性分析方法,收集其临床资料,检测lncRNA MEG3表达水平,分析其与血栓形成的关联性。结果33例并发下肢深静脉血栓患者中,14例为再次感染新型冠状病毒,19例为首次感染新型冠状病毒。再次感染组中患者年龄≥60岁、有吸烟史、有手术史、合并高血压、合并冠心病、合并糖尿病、合并脑梗塞、合并肺梗塞占比高于首次感染组,有外伤史占比低于首次感染组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。合并下肢深静脉血栓组与非合并下肢深静脉血栓组患者的低蛋白血症、肝功能不全、营养风险差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低蛋白血症、肝功能不全、营养风险是新型冠状病毒感染患者并发下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。合并下肢深静脉血栓组患者Padua评分为(6.18±0.92)分,非合并下肢深静脉血栓组患者Padua评分为(4.76±1.03)分,对比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),Padua评分预测并发下肢深静脉血栓的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.83(0.725~0.934)。合并下肢深静脉血栓组患者lncRNA MEG3的相对表达水平为(0.56±0.15),非合并下肢深静脉血栓组患者lncRNA MEG3的相对表达水平为(0.72±0.32),健康对照组lncRNA MEG3的相对表达水平为(1.14±0.31),组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论低蛋白血症、肝功能不全、营养风险是新型冠状病毒患者并发下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素。Padua评分对预测下肢深静脉血栓具有较高准确性,lncRNA MEG3表达水平降低与血栓形成密切相关,提示其可作为潜在生物标志物。临床应重视低蛋白血症、肝功能不全、营养风险患者的监测,结合Padua评分和lncRNA MEG3检测,早期干预,降低血栓风险。

关键词： Ab   antibody   AE   adverse event   AESI   adverse event of special interest   GMFR   geometric mean fold rise   GMT   geometric mean titer   nAb   neutralizing antibody   SAE   serious adverse event   SARS-CoV   severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus  

摘要： Objective To address that, despite widespread use of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) as a COVID-2019 booster, fourth-dose clinical outcomes data are limited. We report immunogenicity and safety for ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 as a homologous fourth-dose booster. Participants and Methods Participants (aged ≥18 years) who had received 2 doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in phase 3 COV003 trial in Brazil were offered a third dose after a planned dose interval from 11 to 13 months and a fourth dose after a planned interval from 6 to 15 months (both 5 × 10 10 viral particles). All fourth doses were administered to substudy participants between August 18 and October 28, 2022. The data cutoff was December 9, 2022. The primary immunogenicity outcome was noninferiority of ancestral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2–neutralizing antibody responses 28 days after dose 4 versus dose 3. Solicited and unsolicited adverse events were recorded 7 and 28 days postdose 4, respectively. Results 172 participants received a fourth dose (median interval postthird dose, 10.7 months). Ancestral SARS-CoV-2–neutralizing antibody titers postdose 4 were noninferior to those postdose 3; geometric mean fold rise was 1.9 (95% CI, 1.6-2.4; n=112). Immunogenicity results were consistent across all variants analyzed. Local and systemic solicited adverse events were reported in 60.3% (n=35/58) and 43.1% (n=25/58) of participants, respectively. Conclusion Immune responses after a fourth dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 were noninferior to those after a third dose across SARS-CoV-2 variants. The fourth dose was well tolerated with no emergent safety concerns, supporting the continued development of the ChAdOx1 platform in preparation for future pandemics. Trial Registration *** Identifier: NCT04536051

关键词： 新型冠状病毒感染   心悸   玄府气液   丁书文   名医经验  

摘要： 总结全国名中医丁书文教授基于“毒伤心玄,气液失和”理论辨治新型冠状病毒感染后心悸经验。丁书文教授着眼于“玄府气液”视角,结合前期提出的“心系疾病热毒论”,探讨新型冠状病毒感染后心悸“毒→虚→郁→热”核心病机演变过程,分析“毒伤心玄、虚气留滞、气液失通、热盛动悸”等关键病机,提出治疗新型冠状病毒感染后心悸的主要治法:“补虚启玄,以补助通;辛通玄府,宣达气液;苦寒佐辛,清解怫热;安养神机,宁心定悸;化痰消瘀,予邪出路”,并选用当归六黄汤为主方进行加减。

关键词： SARS-CoV-2   ChAdOx1 nCoV-19   Age groups   Human seasonal coronaviruses   Fc gamma R  

摘要： Background ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine was widely deployed to protect against severe COVID-19 in adults, but the relationship between pre-existing immunity to human seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) and vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 (SCoV2) response across age groups remains unclear. Methods We analysed SCoV2 and HCoVs antibody profiles in UK volunteers (aged 6->= 70), assessing antibody levels, avidity, and Fc gamma R binding after receiving one or two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Adult cohorts from trials in Brazil and Kenya were also included to evaluate geographical impacts on baseline HCoVs and SCoV2 induced response. Findings In the UK cohort, younger individuals had higher SCoV2 IgG, avidity, Fc gamma R binding and cross-reactivity, particularly towards OC43 and HKU1. The greatest differences were seen after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, but these effects diminished after the second dose. Although baseline HCoVs IgG varied geographically, similar trends were observed across adult cohorts with younger adults showing higher SCoV2 IgG compared to older adults (UK and Brazil). Interpretation These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunogenicity of ChAdOx1-based vaccines in various age groups. Determining whether this applies across other vaccines using same platform is essential for evaluating the viability of one-dose regimens in outbreak responses. Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： 新型冠状病毒   RNA聚合酶   主蛋白酶   分子对接   活性测试   大黄素   蒽醌  

摘要： 目的 研究大黄素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶、主蛋白酶的抑制作用，并预测蒽醌类化合物抗新型冠状病毒活性。方法 利用细胞水平的新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶催化反应体系检测大黄素对靶酶的抑制活性；利用体外荧光偏振模型测试大黄素对于新型冠状病毒主蛋白酶的抑制活性；应用分子对接技术研究蒽醌类化合物在RNA聚合酶活性位点处的结合方式。结果 实验显示，大黄素在10μmol/L、25μmol/L、50 μmol/L浓度对RNA聚合酶抑制率分别为42.01%±3.43%、47.28%±11.20%、84.28%±4.34%；在25μmol/L、50μmol/L、100 μmol/L药物浓度并未表现出对主蛋白酶的显著抑制活性；蒽醌类化合物可占据靶酶NTPs通道从而阻碍底物分子的进入。结论 本实验证实大黄素对新型冠状病毒RNA聚合酶具有明显的抑制作用；文中小分子蒽醌类化合物应该具有较强的抗新型冠状病毒活性。

关键词： SARS-CoV-2疫苗   腺病毒载体   细胞免疫   体液免疫  

摘要： 目的 研究融合表达新型冠状病毒（Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2）Omicron变异株受体结合域蛋白（RBD）与衣壳蛋白（N）的非复制型5型重组腺病毒的免疫原性，旨在为开发针对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变异株的高效疫苗提供理论依据和实验基础。方法 利用重叠PCR方法获得RBDgs3N片段，同源重组得到质粒pKAd5ESRBDgs3N，重组质粒转染HEK293细胞后收获和扩增重组病毒，氯化铯密度梯度离心法纯化病毒，有限稀释分析法测定病毒滴度，Western Blot方法鉴定融合蛋白表达情况。将重组腺病毒肌注免疫BALB/c小鼠，利用间接ELISA方法和酶联免疫斑点技术检测小鼠特异性免疫应答。结果 体外纯化获得滴度为1.168×1010IU/mL的重组腺病毒AdV5-RBDgs3N。重组腺病毒体外感染HEK293细胞可成功表达RBDgs3N融合蛋白。单剂肌注免疫能显著诱导小鼠产生针对新冠野毒株（WT）和变异株（Delta,Omicron）RBD的IgG抗体，抗体滴度分别为103.677 8,103.878 5,104.454 9，针对保守的N蛋白产生的特异性抗体滴度为104.942 2。RBD特异性细胞免疫的IFN-γ水平为1 452 SFC/10～6个细胞。结论 本研究构建的RBD和N基因融合的非复制型5型重组腺病毒能在BALB/c小鼠体内分别诱导高水平的针对RBD和N蛋白的特异性抗体及RBD特异的细胞免疫，为进一步评价该重组腺病毒作为潜在新冠疫苗提供了研究基础。

摘要： Rare thrombotic events associated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (ChAdOx1) vaccination have raised concerns;however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report a novel biophysical mechanism by which ChAdOx1 directly interacts with platelets under arterial shear conditions, potentially contributing to postvaccination arterial thrombosis. Using microfluidic post assays, we demonstrate that ChAdOx1 induces shear-dependent platelet aggregation, distinct from conventional von Willebrand factor-mediated adhesion. This interaction is mediated by platelet integrin alpha IIb113 and requires biomechanical activation, explaining the absence of significant binding under static conditions. Molecular dynamics simulations and docking studies reveal preferential binding of ChAdOx1's penton arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif to the activated conformation of alpha IIb113. Inhibiting integrin alpha IIb113 completely abolishes ChAdOx1-induced platelet aggregation, whereas blocking glycoprotein (GP) Ib has minimal effect, confirming a mechanism that bypasses the conventional GPIb-dependent platelet adhesion pathway. Mutagenesis of the RGD motif to AAA eliminates platelet binding, verifying the specificity of this interaction. These findings provide a potential explanation for the association between ChA-dOx1 vaccination and arterial thrombotic events, distinct from vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Our results highlight the importance of considering biomechanical factors in vaccine-related thrombotic complications and suggest that shear-dependent integrin activation may be another determinant in the pathogenesis of these rare adverse events.