关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease   Adherence   Infliximab   Vedolizumab   Biologics  

摘要： Background: The intravenous biologics infliximab and vedolizumab are effective long-term therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Though highly effective, suboptimal adherence may result in loss of response and adverse sequelae. The extent and outcomes of suboptimal adherence with intravenous biologics, including in IBD, requires further evaluation. Objectives: To ascertain adherence to infliximab and vedolizumab infusions, and determine factors associated with poorer adherence within an IBD cohort. Methods: A retrospective single-centre cohort study of IBD patients, assessing adherence to infliximab and vedolizumab over 2 years (July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019) was conducted. Medical and pharmacy dispensing records were used to determine date of infusion. Adherence was assessed using the continuous, multiple interval measure of medication gaps (CMG). Objectively measured disease remission was achieved if one or more of endoscopic remission, faecal calprotectin <100 mu g/mL and/or CRP <5 mg/mL occurred within 3 months of end of follow-up. Bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression elucidated factors associated with poorer adherence. Results: Of 193 IBD patients, 132 (68.4%) had Crohn's disease. One hundred and thirty six (70.5%) patients received infliximab and 57 (29.5%) received vedolizumab with a median 13 [IQR 11-14] doses administered per patient over 2 years. Adherence according to CMG was similar between infliximab and vedolizumab groups (median 1.5% vs 1.2%, p = 0.31). In multiple linear regression analysis male sex, shorter IBD duration and clinic non-attendances were each associated with poorer adherence (Beta 4.69, 3.90, 3.56 respectively, p < 0.05) and objective disease remission was inversely associated with poorer adherence (Beta -3.27, p < 0.05). Conclusion: There was a wide range of adherence to biologic infusions in this IBD cohort with poorer adherence associated with patient related factors. Conversely, objectively measured remission w

关键词： 肛肠疾病手术   综合护理   尿潴留   预防效果  

摘要： 分析综合性护理预防肛肠疾病患者术后尿潴留的临床效果。方法:选择我院86例肛肠疾病患者,分为研究组和对照组。比较组患者接受常规护理,研究组患者接受综合护理干预。比较两组的尿液状况,尿路感染和尿潴留的发生率。结果:研究组的首次尿量大于对照组,剩余尿量和自发排尿的恢复时间少于对照组。差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组尿路感染发生率和尿潴留率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:综合护理在预防肛肠疾病患者术后尿潴留方面有良好的临床效果,值得推广。

摘要： The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), increases gradually worldwide in the past decades. IBD is generally associated with the change of the immune system and gut microbiota, and the conventional treatments usually result in some side effects. Bifidobacterium longum, as colonizing bacteria in the intestine, has been demonstrated to be capable of relieving colitis in mice and can be employed as an alternative or auxiliary way for treating IBD. Here, the mechanisms of the Bifidobacterium longum in the treatment of IBD were summarized based on previous cell and animal studies and clinical trials testing bacterial therapies. This review will be served as a basis for future research on IBD treatment.

关键词： 加速康护外科   肛肠疾病   围手术期  

摘要： 肛肠疾病是临床常见病,外科手术是治疗肛肠疾病的常用方法,但由于肛门周围分布着大量的神经以及肛门排便功能的特殊性,对其营养支持、伤口护理、心理疏导等不同于其他体表伤口;而通过加速康复护理的有效应用可以全面的提升患者的康复速度,加速康复护理(Enhanced recovery after surgery ERAS)是一种优良的护理管理路径,其由临床的多个科室内的多名一线医务人员组成,主要有麻醉医师、临床护理人员、外科主刀医生、康复和营养医务人员构成,通过多名医务人员的协同努力可以让患者快速康复,减轻患者痛苦及并发症[1],研究表明[2]肛肠疾病手术患者接受加速康护外科治疗,可以让患者手术后存在的疼痛时间、住院时间、伤口恢复时间形成有效的缩短,让患者的手术后存在的不良并发症(排便不通、尿潴留、肛门肿胀等)发生概率,形成有效的降低,让患者的临床满意度有效的提升。

关键词： 通便汤   治疗   肛肠疾病术   便秘  

摘要： 探讨通便汤治疗肛肠疾病术后便秘的效果;方法:选取我院2019年3月~2020年3月接收的60例肛肠疾病术后便秘患者,随机分成两组,每组患者各30例,对照组患者采取常规治疗方法,观察组患者采用通便汤治疗方法,从治愈效果分析两组患者便秘治疗的效果;结果:对照组30例患者,治愈20例,好转3例,无效7例,治愈率为76.67%,观察组30例患者中,治愈23例,好转6例,无效1例,治愈率为96.67%,观察组患者的治愈率明显高于对照组,两组数据差异明显,有统计学意义(P<0.05),通便汤在治疗患者肛肠疾病术后便秘方面有着积极的作用;结论:通便汤在治疗肛肠疾病术后便秘方面的效果显著,值得推广到肛肠疾病术便秘患者的临床治疗中。

关键词： 胃疾病   超声检查   多普勒   胃镜检查   诊断技术   消化系统  

摘要： 探讨胃窗超声造影在胃、十二指肠疾病诊断中的应用价值.方法:选取北京京煤集团总医院自 2019 年 1月—2020年12月胃肠部不适就诊患者 400例,行胃窗超声造影及胃镜检查,以胃镜和(或)病理结果为标准,评估胃超声造影对胃部及十二指肠常见疾病的诊断价值。结果:与胃镜比较胃窗超声造影检出胃炎200例,与胃镜和(或)病理检查符合率为 81%(200/246),一致性较好。与胃镜比较检出胃良性溃疡 68例,与胃镜和(或)病理检查符合率为 75%(68/90),一致性较好。与胃镜比较胃窗超声造影检出胃癌 5 例,与胃镜和(或)病理检查符合率为 100%(5/5),一致性好。与胃镜比较胃窗超声造影检出胃息肉样病变71例,与胃镜和(或)病理检查符合率为 50%(71/142),一致性一般。结论:胃窗超声造影对胃炎,胃良性溃疡,胃息肉样病变及胃癌有较好的检查符合率,操作简单,值得推广。

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease   Reactive oxygen species   Polyoxometalate nanoclusters   Anti-inflammation therapy  

摘要： Although the etiology and pathogenesis of refractory inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are still largely suspended, elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in inflamed colon has been confirmed as an effective strategy to alleviate IBD. In this work, ROS scavengable tungsten (W)-based polyoxometalate nanoclusters (WPOM NCs) were explored as potential POMs-based medicine for safe and effective IBD preventative/therapeutic therapy. Due to the existence of W element with mixed valence state, W-POM NCs with good stability and biosafety could be non-invasively monitored by clinical computed tomography (CT) after oral administration and alleviate intestinal inflammation by scavenging multiple ROS as evidenced by reduced colonic damage, disease activity index (DAI) scores and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in an acute colitis mouse model. Therefore, our work pioneered the application of POMs with ROS scavenge capability for the treatment of IBD without significant adverse effects.

关键词： Plastics   Peptides and proteins   Rodent models   Inflammation   Polymers  

摘要： Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a refractory chronic inflammatory disease. An excessively high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the colon is one of the characteristics and pathogenic factors of IBD. Therefore, scavenging excessive ROS is a feasible method to treat IBD. Because ROS include many types of species, scavenging a single kind of ROS is not enough to reduce the ROS level and cure IBD effectively. Herein, broad-spectrum ROS scavenging and activated macrophage-targeting microparticles (MPs) are successfully fabricated by coprecipitation of catalase (CAT) and bovine serum albumin into a MnCO3 template followed by deposition of polydopamine (PDA), assembly of targeting molecules on the surface, and finally removal of MnCO3. The CAT content of MPs is about 34.1%. The obtained MPs can effectively scavenge the broad spectrum of ROS and retain 88% of the radical scavenging activity even after the treatment of simulated gastric fluid. The surface-modified dextran sulfate endows MPs with the targeting ability toward activated macrophages, achieving a better therapeutic effect. The MPs with components mostly derived from natural substances exhibit good biocompatibility and can show excellent ROS scavenging ability in cell experiments. In animal experiments, oral administration of a proper dosage of MPs can substantially mitigate colonic inflammation, as evidenced by disease activity index scores reduced by similar to 40%, reduced body weight loss, and the production of typical proinflammatory cytokines in the inflammatory colon. This kind of MP can also be utilized for the treatment of other inflammatory diseases.

关键词： 优质护理干预   磁控胶囊内镜   小肠疾病检查  

摘要： 分析优质护理干预手段对磁控胶囊内镜小肠疾病检查所产生的影响。方法:选择2019年4月至2020年4月我院所收治的60例参与磁控胶囊内镜检查的患者,将其随机划分成对照组与试验组,针对对照组的患者采取常规护理方式,针对试验组的患者采取优质护理干预方式,结束之后对两组患者的A 段、B 段气泡及肠液量分级评分进行对比。结果:在护理完毕之后,试验组患者的A 段、B 段气泡及肠液量分级评分都显著低于对照组患者。结论:针对磁控胶囊内镜小肠疾病检查的患者施加优质护理干预手段,能够让患者承受更轻的心理负担,促进患者顺利完成检查,保障磁控胶囊内镜检查的精准程度,全面增强病变检出率。

关键词： 羊养殖   羔羊群体   胃肠疾病   防治措施  

摘要： 胃肠疾病是羊养殖中的常见疾病,尤其针对羔羊群体,容易继发其他症状,对羔羊的健康生长十分不利。因此,养殖户要提升对胃肠疾病的重视程度,采取科学措施综合防治,为羔羊健康生长创设优质环境。