关键词： 消化内镜   胃肠疾病   胃镜   肠镜  

摘要： 目的:浅析胃肠疾病治疗中应用消化内镜的临床效果。方法:本次72例研究对象均为本院收治的胃肠疾病患者,筛选时间段为2017年1月～2018年6月,分组标准为信封抽签法,随机分为研究组(n=36)和参照组(n=36),研究组进行消化内镜治疗,参照组进行常规治疗,对比两组临床效果、复发率、并发症。结果:研究组治愈率为97.22%,远高于参照组的83.33%,研究组复发率为0,远低于参照组的13.89%,两组对比差异呈统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率为16.67%,明显高于参照组的8.33%,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组住院时长明显短于参照组,两组差异呈统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胃肠疾病治疗中应用消化内镜能获得较好的临床效果,患者能更彻底除病灶,降低再次复发率,还能缩短康复时间,更快出院。

关键词： 护理健康教育   肛肠疾病合并高血压   应用价值   自我护理  

摘要： 目的研究并分析护理健康教育在肛肠疾病合并高血压患者中的应用价值。方法选取2016年9月至2018年9月我院收治的100例肛肠疾病合并高血压患者作为研究对象,采用数字随机方式将患者分为对照组(例数50例)和实验组(例数50例),对照组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者接受常规护理,实验组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者接受护理健康教育,对比两组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者护理效果。结果护理后,实验组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者疾病相关知识知晓率高于对照组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者自我护理能力评分高于对照组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者生活质量高于对照组肛肠疾病合并高血压患者,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护理健康教育可有效提升肛肠疾病合并高血压患者对疾病的正确认知,提升自身的护理能力,并有助于改善患者生活质量。

关键词： 幽门螺杆菌   毒力因子   粘膜免疫   胃肠疾病  

摘要： 幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染是上消化道疾病发展的潜在危险因素,但只有一小部分HP感染的患者会出现临床症状,HP感染所致相关胃肠疾病的严重程度,由HP毒力因子、宿主和环境因素相互作用决定。HP感染诱导的宿主细胞产生的免疫反应与HP毒力因子有关。HP感染后宿主防御反应的差异,极大的影响了HP感染后的临床后果,成为最新的研究热点。本文综述了HP毒力因子多态性、宿主反应差异对HP感染的临床后果的影响。

关键词： 胃肠超声造影   胃镜   胃十二指肠疾病   诊断价值  

摘要： 目的探讨胃肠超声造影在胃十二指肠疾病中的诊断价值。方法 63例胃十二指肠疾病患者,采用胃肠超声造影检查,将胃镜下病理组织诊断结果作为标准进行对比分析。结果胃肠超声造影检查胃溃疡、胃炎、十二指肠溃疡、十二指肠炎症结果与胃镜检查结果对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。胃肠超声造影检查出胃部恶性淋巴瘤1例(1.59%)、胃癌7例(11.11%),胃镜检查出胃部恶性淋巴瘤1例(1.59%)、胃癌8例(12.70%,两种检查方法检查出胃部恶性淋巴瘤、胃癌结果对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胃肠超声造影可有效诊断胃十二指肠疾病类型,操作简单、无创,值得临床推广使用。

关键词： 结直肠息肉   括约肌   肛门直肠狭窄   绒毛状腺瘤   息肉恶变   黏膜下   管状腺瘤   肛肠疾病  

摘要： 结直肠息肉的发病情况如何?医学上把机体任何黏膜上可见的突起,无论部位、大小、形状、组织类型,均称为息肉。息肉其实只是一个笼统的概念,并不能说明其病变性质,最终判定结果还需要病理检查。结直肠息肉是指发生在结直肠部位的高于黏膜的还未得到组织学诊断的隆起性病变,由于部分肠息肉可能会发生癌变.

关键词： Crohn's disease   Incidence   Prevalence   Ulcerative colitis  

摘要： Background: The burden of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) has never been estimated in the Republic of San Marino, the third smallest nation of the world. Aims: To assess the occurrence and clinical features of CD and UC in San Marino during the last 35 years. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the prevalence, incidence, and main clinical aspects of CD and UC from 1980 to 2014, crossing data from various sources. Results: Prevalence rates (per 100,000) on December 31, were 241 for CD (263 in males and 220 in females) and 311 for UC (370 in males and 255 in females). The specific incidence of UC steadily increased from 4.6 (95% CI: 1.5-10.6) in 1980-1984 to 12.4 (95% CI: 7.6-19.1) in 2010-2014;CD incidence showed a higher proportional increase, from 1.8 (95% CI: 0.2-6.6) in 1980-1984 to 17.9 (95% CI: 12.0-25.7) in 2010-2014. The main clinical features of CD and UC (activity and location at diagnosis, extra-intestinal manifestations, disease progression overtime, therapies, and hospitalizations) were analyzed. Conclusions: This study provides the first epidemiological report on CD and UC in San Marino, showing specific traits and overall higher prevalence and incidence rates than previously reported in neighbor Areas. (C) 2018 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

摘要： INTRODUCTION:Most studies on fractures in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are based on patients from tertiary centers or patients followed up before the introduction of immunomodulators or biologics. In addition, the role of corticosteroids in fracture risk has rarely been ***:We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study of 83,435 patients with incident IBD (ulcerative colitis [UC]: n = 50,162, Crohn's disease [CD]: n = 26,763, and IBD unclassified: 6,510) and 825,817 reference individuals from 1964 to 2014. Using multivariable Cox regression, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for hip fracture and any fracture and the association with cumulative corticosteroid ***:During 1,225,415 person-years of follow-up in patients with IBD, there were 2,491 first-time hip fractures (203/100,000 person-years) compared with 20,583 hip fractures during 12,405,642 person-years in reference individuals (159/100,000 person-years). This corresponded to an HR of 1.42 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36-1.48). The risk for hip fracture was higher in CD compared with UC (P < 0.001). Inflammatory bowel disease was also associated with any fracture (IBD: HR = 1.18;95% CI = 1.15-1.20). Hazard ratios for hip fracture had not changed since the introduction of immunomodulators or biologics. Increasing exposure to corticosteroids was associated with hip fracture in both IBD and non-IBD individuals (P < 0.001), but only in elderly (>60 years) patients with IBD. The association between IBD and hip fracture was nonsignificant among individuals without corticosteroids (HR = 1.11;95% CI = 0.86-1.44).CONCLUSIONS:Inflammatory bowel disease (CD and UC) is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture and any fracture, but not in individuals without a history of corticosteroid treatment. The association between corticosteroids and hip fracture was restricted to elderly patients with IBD.