关键词： 肛肠疾病   熏洗坐浴   疼痛   水肿   痔疮止痛浸膏  

摘要： 目的:探讨痔疮止痛浸膏熏洗坐浴对肛肠疾病术后疼痛水肿的效果。方法:将72例肛肠疾病手术治疗后的患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各36例。观察组采用痔疮止痛浸膏熏洗坐浴干预,对照组采用温水熏洗坐浴干预。2组均配合抗生素治疗。观察对比2组患者的综合疗效及干预前后的疼痛与水肿程度。结果:总有效率观察组为94. 44%,高于对照组的72. 22%,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。2组干预前与干预3d后、6d后的疼痛及水肿程度评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05);观察组干预6d后的疼痛及水肿程度评分低于对照组(P <0. 01)。结论:痔疮止痛浸膏熏洗坐浴可有效缓解肛肠疾病患者术后的疼痛水肿,值得推广应用。

关键词： 肠疾病   寄生虫性   感染   少数民族   学生  

摘要： 目的对比分析2012和2016年独龙族小学生肠道寄生虫感染情况,为相关防治工作提供依据。方法 2012年和2016年分别检查小学生239和141名,采用改良加藤厚涂片法查土源性线虫卵;滤纸试管培养法检测和鉴别钩虫;碘液直接涂片法查肠道原虫;透明胶纸肛拭法查蛲虫。结果独龙族小学生2012年肠道寄生虫感染率为88.28%,2016年为75.89%,2016年感染率明显下降(χ^2=9.98,P<0.01)。其中土源性线虫感染率从2012年的87.87%(210/239)下降到2016年的73.76%(104/141)(χ^2=12.30,P<0.01);肠道原虫2012年感染率为8.79%(21/239),2016年为14.18%(20/140),差异无统计学意义(χ^2=2.79,P>0.05);男生和女生的肠道寄生虫感染率均有下降(χ^2值分别为5.16,4.71,P值均<0.05);三年级学生的感染率从2012年的97.50%(39/40)下降到2016年的51.72%(15/29)(χ^2=20.77,P<0.01);孔当村学生的感染率从91.45%(107/117)下降到72.55%(74/102)(χ^2=13.60,P<0.01);二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,生源地和年级是寄生虫感染的影响因素(OR值分别为1.17,2.70,P值均<0.05)。结论独龙族小学生肠道寄生虫感染率较高,应加强学生肠道寄生虫的防控工作。

关键词： 幽门螺旋杆菌   胃溃疡   免疫组织化学染色  

摘要： 目的探讨胃肠疾病住院患者胃镜活检组织幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)病理检出率。方法使用吉姆萨(Giemsa)染色及免疫组织化学(IHC)染色,胃息肉组共264例,胃肠溃疡组91例,萎缩性胃炎组35例,糜烂性胃炎组42例,胃癌组19例,慢性浅表性胃炎组170例,胃镜下取组织活检,切片后同时使用Giemsa染色及IHC染色观察Hp,进行统计分析。结果IHC染色阳性率稍高于Giemsa染色;溃疡组Hp阳性率最高(54.9%),糜烂性胃炎组38.1%,萎缩性胃炎组22.9%,胃底腺息肉组9.5%,增生性息肉组30.3%,胃癌组15.8%;胃窦活检Hp检出率总计最高13.2%。结论Giemsa染色及IHC染色检测HP无差异;胃窦部位检出要高于其他部位。

关键词： 尿潴留   肛肠疾病   中医护理适宜技术  

摘要： 目的:探讨肛肠疾病术后尿潴留患者采取中医护理适宜技术的影响。方法:选取本院2017年9月~2018年9月接收的肛肠疾病术后尿潴留患者120例为研究对象,以患者入院单号、双号为依据完成分组,每组60例,对照组行常规护理,研究组则接受中医护理适宜技术,比较两组护理效果。结果:研究组自行排尿时间及残余尿量均较对照组更低,而护理满意度较对照组更高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:护理肛肠术后尿潴留患者期间,应用中医护理适宜技术有助于患者及早恢复健康,提升膀胱功能,值得临床领域进一步采纳和推广。

关键词： Diet   Dietary practices   Guidelines   Inflammatory bowel disease  

摘要： IntroductionThese Asian Working Group guidelines on diet in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) present a multidisciplinary focus on clinical nutrition in IBD in Asian *** guidelines are based on evidence from existing published literature;however, if objective data were lacking or inconclusive, expert opinion was considered. The conclusions and 38 recommendations have been subject to full peer review and a Delphi process in which uniformly positive responses (agree or strongly agree) were *** has an important role in IBD pathogenesis, and an increase in the incidence of IBD in Asian countries has paralleled changes in the dietary patterns. The present consensus endeavors to address the following topics in relation to IBD: (i) role of diet in the pathogenesis;(ii) diet as a therapy;(iii) malnutrition and nutritional assessment of the patients;(iv) dietary recommendations;(v) nutritional rehabilitation;and (vi) nutrition in special situations like surgery, pregnancy, and *** objective data to guide nutritional support and primary nutritional therapy in IBD are presented as 38 recommendations.

摘要： BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are the most effective therapies for obesity and may have beneficial effects on the immune system. Therefore, we compared RYGB vs SG outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).STUDY DESIGN: In this retrospective cohort study, we identified 54 patients with either Crohn’s disease (CD; n = 31) or ulcerative colitis (UC; n = 23), diagnosed before bariatric surgery, between 2000 and 2017. Nineteen patients underwent RYGB and 35 patients underwent ***: Patients presenting for RYGB and SG were of similar age (46.2 ± 9.5 years vs 47.2 ± 12.3 years), preoperative BMI (48.5 ± 7.7 kg/m[2] vs 44.9 ± 7.3 kg/m[2]) and IBD status, as measured by medications. Both operations led to significant weight loss at 1 year. After RYGB and SG, there were no significant differences in the proportion of patients with UC who had improved (27% vs 8%), unchanged (64% vs 92%), or worse (9% vs 0%) IBD medication requirements, respectively. Similar analysis in the patients with CD showed no significant differences in the proportion who had improved (37.5% vs 44%), or unchanged (25% vs 52%) IBD-medication requirements after RYGB and SG, respectively. However, there was a significant difference in the proportion of patients who had worsened CD after RYGB compared with SG (37.5% vs 4%; p = 0.016). There was a greater rate of surgical complications after RYGB compared to SG (26% vs. 3%; p = 0.02).CONCLUSIONS: A sizable proportion of patients experienced improvements in IBD post-bariatric surgery. However, in CD patients, RYGB was associated with a significantly greater number of patients with increased IBD-medication requirements. Sleeve gastrectomy led to less weight loss, but had a lower rate of severe complications compared with RYGB. In patients with IBD, and particularly CD, SG may be the safer *** and Acronyms: CD: Crohn’s disease; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; RYGB: Roux-en-Y gast

摘要： The article evaluates the correlation of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP4i) use and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) through drug adverse event reporting. Data showed that there is a weak to moderate signals for IBD associated with DPP4i compared to therapeutic alternatives. Findings add to existing evidence of the correlation but suggest more studies to further explore the underlying mechanism of the correlation.

关键词： children   inflammatory bowel disease   infliximab   outcome   therapeutic drug monitoring  

摘要： Objectives: Therapeutic drug monitoring has been proposed as a useful tool in the management of infliximab (IFX) treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether IFX trough levels after induction therapy are predictive for outcome at week 52. Methods: All pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving maintenance IFX at our centre, with IFX trough level available at their first maintenance infusion and a follow-up of at least 52 weeks were included. IFX induction regimens could be intensified at the discretion of the treating physician. All children received proactive drug monitoring during maintenance with dose adaptation aiming to target a therapeutic window of 3 to 7 mu g/mL. Results: We included 35 children (23 with Crohn disease and 12 with ulcerative colitis). Median IFX trough levels just before the first maintenance infusion were significantly higher in children achieving clinical (4.6 mu g/mL [2.7-11.8] vs 1.5 mu g/mL[0.9-3.0]), biological (4.6 mu g/mL[2.5-10.3] vs 2.6 mu g/mL[0.3-3.2]) and combined clinical/biological remission (6.0 mu g/mL [3.2-12.0] vs 2.6 mu g/mL [1.1-3.2]) at week 52 compared to children not meeting these criteria (all P <= 0.002). Binary logistic regression identified these trough levels as the only predictor for the same outcomes with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 2.083 (1.085-3.998), 2.203 (1.101-4.408), and 2.264 (1.096-4.680), respectively (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Adequate IFX exposure during induction therapy is associated with better clinical and/or biological remission at week 52. Postinduction IFX trough levels were the only predictor for clinical and/or biological remission at week 52.