关键词： dietary fibre   inflammatory bowel disease   resistant starch  

摘要： Background Recommendations for dietary fibre intake in patients with inflammatory bowel disease are highly variable. Despite the potential benefits of prebiotic fibres on the gut microbiome, many patients with inflammatory bowel disease follow a low fibre diet. The present study comprehensively evaluated intakes of total and prebiotic fibres in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, aiming to determine the adequacy of fibre intake and factors that may influence intake. Methods Outpatients with a formal diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease were recruited to this multicentre cross-sectional study. Habitual dietary fibre intake including prebiotic fibre types was measured using a validated comprehensive nutrition assessment questionnaire. Adequacy of total fibre intake was compared with Australian Nutrient Reference Values. Multiple linear regressions were performed to determine factors influencing fibre intake. Results Of 92 participants, 52% had Crohn's disease, 51% were male and the mean age was 40 years. Overall, only 38% of the cohort consumed adequate total fibre (median 24 g day(-1), interquartile range 18.5-32.9 g day(-1)). Adequate fibre consumption was significantly less common in males than females (21.3% versus 55.6%,P = 0.002). Resistant starch intake (median 2.9 g day(-1), interquartile range 2.1-4.8 g day(-1)) was significantly less than the proposed recommendations (20 g day(-1)). Disease-related factors such as phenotype and disease activity were not found to influence fibre intake. Conclusions Patients with inflammatory bowel disease habitually consume inadequate fibre, particularly prebiotic fibre resistant starch. The potential deleterious effects of low prebiotic intake on the gut microbiome and disease-related outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease are unknown and warrant further research.

关键词： Crohn?s disease   Inflammatory bowel disease   Patients experience   Ulcerative colitis  

摘要： Background: Patients' experience with healthcare professionals could influence their clinical outcomes. Aims: To assess inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients' experience with their disease, their treatment and their relationship with their physician. Methods: A one-week cross-sectional study was conducted in 42 IBD centres. 2011 consecutive outpatients with IBD completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire assessing their experience with and knowledge of IBD. Results: A quantitative assessment of the doctor-patient relationship revealed that patients' knowledge of IBD and IBD treatment ranged from 7.4 to 8.3 out of 10. In addition to IBD physicians, other sources of information about IBD and current treatment mainly included the internet (80% and 63%, respectively) and general practitioners (61% and 54%). Knowledge about education programmes (28%) was poor, resulting in a lack of willingness to further use these resources (25%). Concerns about IBD treatment were raised in 76% of patients, mostly related to the fear of adverse events (47%) and a lack of efficacy (33%). The need of alternative healthcare professionals was reported by 89% of the sample. Conclusion: In a large cohort of patients, we highlighted gaps in the management of patients with IBD regarding the need for higher-quality information and the implementation of alternative healthcare professionals. (c) 2020 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Background: Patients? experience with healthcare professionals could influence their clinical outcomes. Aims: To assess inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients? experience with their disease, their treatment and their relationship with their physician. Methods: A one-week cross-sectional study was conducted in 42 IBD centres. 2011 consecutive outpatients with IBD completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire assessing their experience with and knowledge of IBD. Results: A quantitative assessment o

关键词： Corona virus   COVID-19   Crohn's disease   Immunosuppressant   Inflammatory bowel diseases   SARS-CoV-2   Ulcerative colitis  

摘要： The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has engulfed the world and is the highlight of medical community at this time. As humanity fights the battle against this virus, questions are arising regarding the appropriate management of at risk patient populations. The immunocompromised cohort is particularly susceptible to this infection, and we have tried to explore the medical management of one such group, which is composed of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There is limited data on the management of IBD during the ongoing pandemic. Several medical societies have put forth suggestions on how to manage immunocompromised patients in order to minimize risk of developing coronavirus disease 2019. This review aims to present available recommendations from experts and provides an insight on preventive and therapeutic strategies that can be implemented for the medical management of patients with IBD. We anticipate that as more information arises, new guidelines will emerge.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease   Primary health care   Epidemiology   Electronic health care records  

摘要： Background Our knowledge of the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is uncertain. Recent studies reported an increase in prevalence. However, they excluded a high proportion of ambiguous cases from general practice. Estimates are needed to inform health care providers who plan the provision of services for IBD patients. We aimed to estimate the IBD incidence and prevalence in UK general practice. Methods We undertook a retrospective cohort study of routine electronic health records from the IQVIA Medical Research Database covering 14 million patients. Adult patients from 2006 to 2016 were included. IBD was defined as an IBD related Read code or record of IBD specific medication. Annual incidence and 12-month period prevalence were calculated. Results The prevalence of IBD increased between 2006 and 2016 from 106.2 (95% CI 105.2-107.3) to 142.1 (95% CI 140.7-143.5) IBD cases per 10,000 patients which is a 33.8% increase. Incidence varied across the years. The incidence across the full study period was 69.5 (95% CI 68.6-70.4) per 100,000 person years. Conclusions In this large study we found higher estimates of IBD incidence and prevalence than previously reported. Estimates are highly dependent on definitions of disease and previously may have been underestimated.

关键词： Tagetes minuta   Pheophytins   Anti-inflammatory   TNF-alpha   NF-kappa B  

摘要： Ethno-pharmacological relevance: Species of the genus Tagetes are well known for their anti-inflammatory properties. Tagetes minuta "Huacatay" is an endemic species of South America that has been used in traditional medicine since ancient times as a remedy for stomach and intestinal discomfort. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the Huacatay, identifying the compounds responsible for this activity. Materials and methods: Anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds, fractions and extracts was evaluated in Hs 746T (stomach), HIEC-6 (intestine) and THP-1 (monocytes peripheral blood) cells by measuring their inhibitory capacity against the NF-kappa B production. Results: Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of Tagetes minuta displayed anti-inflammatory activity in vitro, the hydroalcoholic extract being the most active (IC50 between 59.72 and 66.42 mu g/mL) in all cell lines. Bio-guided hydroalcoholic extract fractionation led to the isolation and characterisation of two pheophytins, pheophytin a (1) and 132-hydroxy pheophytin a (2). Both compounds inhibited the production of NF-kappa B with IC50 values in the low micromolar range, with an IC50 between 12.32 and 16.01 mu M for compound 1 and 7.91-9.87 mu M for compound 2. Conclusions: The two pheophytins isolated in this study inhibit the production of NF-kappa B, thus showing that the traditional anti-inflammatory use of Tagetes minuta can be proved through pharmacological assays. This contributes to understanding the anti-inflammatory activity of the Huacatay extracts and their use in the treatment of stomach and intestinal discomfort.

关键词： Coptis chinensis   Berberine   Inflammatory bowel disease   Pharmacology   Pharmacokinetics   Clinical study   Review  

摘要： Ethnopharmacological relevance: Coptis chinensis (C. chinensis, Huanglian in Chinese), a famous traditional herbal medicine used for clearing heat and detoxification since thousands of years ago, is widely and traditionally used for clinical treatment of stomach inflammation, duodenum and digestive tract ulcers alone or through combing with other herbs in compound formulations. Aim of the review: Through literature reviews of C. chinensis and berberine (one of the most important bioactive compounds derived from this plant) for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), this review aims to provide beneficial information for further exploration of the potent bioactive constituents from C. chinensis, deep investigation on the molecular mechanisms for the treatment of IBD, as well as further research and development of brand new products from C. chinensis for clinical therapy of IBD. Methods: "C. chinensis" and "IBD" were selected as the main keywords, and various online search engines, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI) and other publication resources, were used for searching literatures. Results: To present, C. chinensis together with other herbs are involved in plenty of Chinese herbal prescriptions for the treatment of IBD, but little research focused on the single therapeutic effects of C. chinensis or extracts from this herb for the treatment of this disease. Berberine, one of important and representative bioactive compound isolated from C. chinensis, was reported to treat IBD effectively at a big arising speed in recent years. However, systematically and comprehensively reviews on the research of C. chinensis and berberine for the treatment of IBD from the aspects of chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics as well as clinical studies are seldom accomplished by researchers. Bioactive components from C. chinensis exert therapeutic effects for the treatment of IBD m

关键词： Fluorescence   Nitric oxide   Inflammatory bowel disease  

摘要： Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common gastrointestinal inflammatory disease, affecting a huge number of people worldwide with increasing morbidity each year. Although the etiology of IBD has not been fully elucidated, it is understood to be closely related to upregulation of the production of NO. Herein, we first report a donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D)-type near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe LS-NO for real-time detection of NO in IBD by harnessing the enhanced intramolecular charge transfer mechanism. LS-NO exhibited good water solubility, high photostability, and excellent NIR absorbance and emission at 700 and 750/800 nm, respectively. Moreover, it was able to sensitively and specifically detect exogenous and endogenous NO in the lysosomes of living cells. Notably, LS-NO enabled to noninvasively visualize NO generation in a lipopolysaccharide-induced IBD mouse model for 30 h, showing a two- to threefold higher NIR fluorescence intensity in the intestines and feces of IBD mice than normal mice. This work demonstrates that LS-NO is promising as a diagnosis agent for real-time detection of NO in IBD and may promote inflammatory stool examination simultaneously.

关键词： 超声造影   诊断   胃肠疾病   临床价值   观察  

摘要： 本研究的目的是针对胃肠疾病患者,分析超声造影检查的具体应用和意义。方法是选择在2018年1月到2019年12月期间,我院收治的100例胃肠疾病患者作为研究对象,患者都在手术病理检查以及胃镜活检中确诊,然后让患者进行超声造影检查,并且将手术病理和胃镜活检结果作为基础,对超声造影检查的结果进行评估。结果是通过胃肠超声检查可知,其中有24例胃溃疡(96.0%)患者,20例急性胃炎(100.0%)患者,17例胃癌(89.5)患者、8例慢性胃炎(80.0%)患者,3例胃石症(100.0%)患者和16例胃平滑肌瘤(100.0%)患者,以及5例十二指肠溃疡(71.4%)患者,将检查结果和手术病理检查或者是胃镜活检检查进行对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:胃肠疾病进行超声造影检查,具有无创性,其诊断准确性较高,值得临床推广用。

关键词： ROS   Redox nanoparticles   Silymarin   Inflammatory bowel disease   Pharmacokinetics   Poor-water soluble drug  

摘要： Chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which are strongly related to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), have become more threatening to health. Silymarin is an active compound with the effect of expressing anti-inflammatory activity;however, it exhibits poor bioavailability due to the rapid metabolism and secretion, low permeability across the intestinal epithelial cells, and poor water solubility. In this study, we developed silica-containing redox nanoparticles (siRNP) with 50-60 nm in diameter to improve the bioavailability of silymarin by improving its uptake into the bloodstream and delivery to the targeted tissues of the colon. Silymarin-loaded siRNP (SM@siRNP) significantly increased the antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory efficacy in vitro by scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical and suppressing nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines as compared to the other treatments such as free silymarin, siRNP, and silymarin-loaded si-nRNP (the control nanoparticle without ROS scavenging property). Orally administered SM@siRNP significantly improved the bioavailability of silymarin and its retention in the colonic mucosa. The anti-inflammatory effects of SM@siRNP were also investigated in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and it was observed that SM@siRNP treatment significantly improved the damage in the colonic mucosa of DSS colitis mice as compared to the other treatments. The results in this study indicate that SM@siRNP is a promising nanomedicine for enhancing the anti-inflammatory activity of silymarin and has a high potential for the treatment of IBD.