关键词： 传教士   鸦片   中美贸易   政策   商业扩张  

摘要： 相比1784年来华的"中国皇后"号美国商船,直到1830年才有美国第一批传教士来华,但这丝毫不影响美国传教士对中国的影响。传教士不仅是基督教与西方文化的传播者,同时也是美国东亚政策不可分割的一部分。在中美早期贸易关系中,传教士与美国商人的关系、传教士鸦片贸易观念的分化及传教阵营与美国对华政策的关系等都将美国传教士的身份与作用多元化了,这为系统研究美国对华政策与中美贸易关系带来了新的切入点。

关键词： 中美贸易   逆差   贸易摩擦   贸易保护  

摘要： 中国加入WTO以来,中国经济持续增长以及中美两国经济存在的互补性使双边贸易关系不断加深。但随着两国贸易往来的增多,中美两国贸易关系发展中存在的一些问题也逐渐显现。美国对华贸易失衡导致贸易逆差不断扩大,贸易竞争加剧导致了两国贸易摩擦的产生。

关键词： 贸易成本   成本测度   双边贸易   关税壁垒   交易效率   外商直接投资   商业环境   中美贸易关系  

摘要： 作为影响国际交换能否发生的重要因素,贸易成本已成为国际贸易研究的重要领域。在采用Novy模型就1995年至2012年中国对美国的贸易成本进行有效测度的基础上,对影响贸易成本变动的多种因素进行分析,结果显示:中国对美国贸易成本总体上呈现波浪式下降趋势;人民币过快升值会对贸易成本的降低产生不利影响;中国商业环境改善、进口关税水平降低等因素有助于降低贸易成本;原油价格变动对贸易成本的影响不大;FDI、美国进口关税水平与中美贸易成本之间不存在长期均衡关系。基于进一步分析发现,中国对美国贸易成本还有下降的空间,中国应充分挖掘贸易成本下降的途径,以进一步提高出口商品的竞争力。

关键词： 中美贸易   不平衡   发展趋势  

摘要： 中关两国的贸易近几年成为关注的热点。尽管两国的统计数据不尽相同，但双方的统计数据都表明，两国的贸易增长迅速，中美两国在双方的对外贸易中都占据了重要的地位。根据中国商务部的统计，美国是中国的第一大出口市场和第六大进口来源地；为美国第四大出口市场和第二大进口来源地的地位。但在两国贸易不断增长的同时，中美贸易之间的不平衡成为两国贸易发展的不和谐音符，美国不断在对话大幅贸易逆差上对中国指责。中国对美国贸易顺差的不断扩大不仅仅表现在总体规模上，而且在行业结构和企业性质是哪个都有很大的不同。近一段时间以来，中美之间的贸易摩擦不断，这预示着中美贸易已经进入一个全新的敏感时期。美国正在进一步调整和强化对华谈判力量，其中贸易顺差问题是其用于讨价还价的一个重要筹码。因此，理性看待和正确处理中美贸易不平衡问题，将成为今后一段时间中美双边关系的一个重要的现实问题。

关键词： 中美贸易逆差   金融危机   失业率   结构性失业   房地产业  

摘要： 金融危机爆发后,美国失业率迅速攀升。通过对美国就业与中美贸易的关系进行分析,揭示了美国失业率升高的真正原因,对美国的就业率前景做出展望并提出中国的应对措施。中美双边贸易的平衡问题和美国的失业率没有明显关系,把失业率甚至危机怪罪于中美贸易失衡是不公平的。

关键词： 农产品和食品FDI   中美加工食品贸易   误差修正模型  

摘要： 美国是我国重要的农产品、食品进出口市场和农业外资来源国之一,研究中美之间加工食品贸易和FDI的内在联系,有利于深化双边农业经贸关系的认识,使我国农业和加工食品部门更好地利用美国资本。本文利用单位根检验和建立误差修正模型对于美资对华农产品和食品投资与中美加工食品贸易之间的关系进行了实证研究。

关键词： 贸易关系   市场环境   目标规划   中国   美国  

摘要： The economic and trade relations between China and America is not only important for the two countries, but also important for the world. However, in recent years, the trade frictions among two countries have happened frequently, which affected the healthy development of themselves and other countries. Therefore, it is a major issue to analyze the reasons of Sino-US trade frictions and find the effective measures for easing the trade frictions.\n Trade between United States and China is complementary to each other. Low labor cost has made China one of the major sources for low-priced manufactured products in the world, particularly for the United States. The growing U.S. trade deficit with China has become the major issue. U.S. economic sanctions against China, particularly restrictions on exports to China, the value of Chinese currency, China‘s low labor costs, the migration of other countries‘ manufacturing facilities to China are among the factors that were cited as contributions to the *** deficit. The textile industry doesn‘t relate to the highly stimulated branches of industries in China, but it is the great market for the Chinese workers. This explains the great political importance of textile industry and also its significant influence upon the labor *** to various political and economical reasons existing in both countries, it is obvious that Sino-US textile trade frictions will still exist in the following years. China‘s textile enterprises and government should make attempts to work on their own and work together to handle the existing frictions.\n As an example, there was takenthe Weiqiao Textile Company Limited, located in Shandong province of China. It is considered to be the largest cotton textile manufacturer in the *** and the United States are close to an agreement on the textile frictions, with hopes that the two-way textile trade situation will be soon stabilized.

关键词： 金融危机   时代   贸易保护主义   世界经济   美国   贸易政策   双边贸易   实体经济   领导地位   示范性   就业率   政府   阴影   效应   提升   控制   经贸   国内  

摘要： 2008年至2009年爆发的全球性金融危机使世界经济深受重创,如今世界经济已经逐渐走出危机的阴影,开始了复苏的过程,也就是进入了所谓的"后危机时代"。在这一背景下,各国为了提升国内就业率,发展本国实体经济,转而加强了政府对于经贸领域的控制,贸易保护主义开始在世界范围内逐渐抬头。在这其中,由于美国的全球领导地位所具有的示范性效应,各国往往仿效美国来制定本国的贸易政策。因此,研究美国的贸易保护主义政策,尤其是在中美双边贸易当中的贸易保护主义,就显得尤为重要。

关键词： 谈判   重构   美国   国内产业   竞争优势   中美贸易关系   制造业   协议   中国   演变   提升   特征   评估   路径   基础   构建   出口  

摘要： 虽然美国主导的TPP谈判即将达成协议,但协议的落实还需获得美国国会批准,而国会批准的关键在于TPP是否满足美国国内产业的需求。可以预见,实现美国产业竞争优势的重构将是TPP谈判的主要特征。本文首先分析TPP的背景、演变及特点,研究TPP重构美国产业竞争优势的具体路径;然后以制造业为重点,评估TPP提升美国制造业的前景;最后在以上研究的基础上,探讨TPP带给中国出口的挑战,并简要探讨构建新型中美贸易关系的可行性。

关键词： Sino-US trade   export   import   frictions   trade deficit   countermeasures  

摘要： The economic and trade relations between China and America is not only important for the two countries, but also important for the world. However, in recent years, the trade frictions among two countries have happened frequently, which affected the healthy development of themselves and other countries. Therefore, it is a major issue to analyze the reasons of Sino-US trade frictions and find the effective measures for easing the trade frictions. Trade between United States and China is complementary to each other. Low labor cost has made China one of the major sources for low-priced manufactured products in the world, particularly for the United States. The growing U.S. trade deficit with China has become the major issue. U.S. economic sanctions against China, particularly restrictions on exports to China, the value of Chinese currency, China‘s low labor costs, the migration of other countries‘manufacturing facilities to China are among the factors that were cited as contributions to the U.S. trade deficit. The textile industry doesn‘t relate to the highly stimulated branches of industries in China, but it is the great market for the Chinese workers. This explains the great political importance of textile industry and also its significant influence upon the labor market. Due to various political and economical reasons existing in both countries, it is obvious that Sino-US textile trade frictions will still exist in the following years. China‘s textile enterprises and government should make attempts to work on their own and work together to handle the existing frictions. As an example, there was taken the Weiqiao Textile Company Limited, located in Shandong province of China. It is considered to be the largest cotton textile manufacturer in the world. China and the United States are close to an agreement on the textile frictions, with hopes that the two-way textile trade situation will be soon stabilized.