摘要： Formaldehydinaktiviertes Virus enthaltende Poliomyelitisvaccinen wurden vergleichend ohne und mit Zusatz von Aluminiumhydroxyd in verschiedener Konzentration an Mäusekollektiven im intracerebralen Infektionsversuch auf ihre immunisierende Wirkung geprüft. Hierbei zeigte sich ein Unterschied in der belastbaren Immunität zugunsten des mit Aluminiumhydroxyd versetzten Impfstoff

关键词： POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS/culture  

摘要： RECIPROCAL interference between strains of the three recognized types of poliomyelitis virus has been reported by Ledinko1, using roller-tube cultures of monkey testicular t❉. In her experiments, both the ‘interfering’ and the ‘excluded’ virus were fully cytopathogenic, and there was no suggestion of any mutual inhibition of their degenerative effects on the cells. Prevention of growth of the second virus, as shown by titration in the presence of type-specific antiserum against the first, was apparently the result of pre-emptive infection and subsequent destruction of susceptible cells by the first virus. The purpose of this communication is to describe a further example of interference among poliomyelitis viruses, in which a more direct recognition of the effect was made possible by the peculiar cytopathogenic behaviour of the interfering virus.

关键词： ERYTHROCYTES   POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS  

摘要： Summary 1. Combinations of human poliomyelitis virus (JV strain, type I) and of human O erythrocytes, prepared under suitable experimental conditions, showed active virus in the centrifuged cellular sediment as well as in the supernatant fluid. 2. When human red cells which hadcontacted virus in vitro were washed three successive times, active virus was no longer demónstrable in the supernatant fluid but was present in the centrifuged erythrocyte sediment. 3. Examination of the blood of intramuscularly infected cynomolgus monkeys yielded active virus in the plasma fraction but not in the erythrocyte sediment. Positive results were obtained only before the onset of paralysis. 4. The significance of viral adsorptiononto human red cells for the mechanism of viremia is discussed.

摘要： From ultracentrifugation measurements coupled with biological assay it was found that the MEF1 strain of poliomyelitis virus is composed of particles of 24 m[mu] and 30 m[mu] in diameter, both particles being infective. In addition to these infective particles there is also present in infected mouse brain extracts a specific "soluble antigen" of 12 m[mu] in diameter.

关键词： Infectious Disease   Incubation Period   Relative Degree   Nervous Tissue   Poliomyelitis  

摘要： The manner has been described in which the MEFl-Lansing type poliomyelitis virus was adapted to newborn mice which to a relative degree are naturally resistant to the virus. This adaptation is manifested by a shortening of the incubation period;uniform, regular and increased pathogenicity for the mice, and an enhanced infectivity of the central nervous tissues of the reactors. With this adapted virus which has the aspects of an induced, adaptive variant, it is possible to prepare an antigen for complement-fixation tests to detect poliomyelitis-virus infection. This test is specific and is applicable to the serum of several different species, including man, and may possibly reveal the existence of cross-reaction between two types of poliomyelitis virus, the Lansing and the Brunhilde. The range of its practical application to poliomyelitis problems remains, however, still for further study. © 1951 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Diet   Phosphorus   Calcium   Vitamin D   Viruses   Poliomyelitis   Dietary phosphorus   Mortality   Mice   Paralysis  

摘要： The effects of various dietary levels and combinations of P, Ca, and vitamin D on the response of mice to the murine adapted Lansing strain of the virus of poliomyelitis were studied. The deficiencies did not increase the resistance of the mice but instead increased the susceptibility. The increased susceptibility to the virus was most pronounced during the first several days after inoculation, and was greatest on the more deficient diets. This was particularly true on diets deficient in P and Ca. In several cases these differences were statistically significant on most of the days following inoculation. There were very few deaths among the animals on the same deficient diets but inoculated with a normal brain suspension.

关键词： Rats   Poliomyelitis   Mice   Central nervous system   Inoculation   Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus   Emulsions   Encephalitis  

摘要： An effort has been made to adapt certain human and monkey-adapted strains of poliomyelitis virus to Swiss mice and cotton rats. Antolysates were prepd. from the brains of mice and also of cotton rats;these were used to facilitate adaptation of these human strains of poliomyelitis virus. Two human stains, and 1st, 3d, 4th and 5th passage in monkeys of the HAR strain (or strains) of virus derived from 3 fatal human cases of poliomyelitis were tested. It was not possible, due consideration being given to the methods of the test, to adapt these strains of poliomyelitis virus to rodents. A neurotropic virus was detected in Swiss mice inoculated with the passage CNS of the HAR strain. On the basis of host susceptibility, histopathology, and cross immunity tests, this virus has been identified as the virus of lymphocytic chorio-meningitis.